ASPEK HUKUM KEBEBASAN BERPENDAPAT DAN BEREKSPRESI

Abstract   The research on the legal aspects of freedom of opinion and expression aims to analyze the conception of freedom of opinion and expression within the framework of a democratic country, freedom of opinion and expression as human rights, and to find restrictions on freedom of opinion and expression. Freedom of opinion and expression is a human right that characterizes a democracy. This right is regulated in international legal instruments and national legal instruments. However, freedom of opinion and expression cannot be enforced automatically. The exercise of freedom of opinion and expression must take into account the human rights and legal interests of others. Irresponsible freedom of opinion and expression can lead to legal problems such as defamation, insult, to slander and insulting (libel).  Keywords: freedom of opinion, expression, human rights, democracy.   Abstrak   Penelitian tentang aspek hukum kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsepsi kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi dalam kerangka negara demokrasi, kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi sebagai hak asasi manusia, serta menemukan batasan kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi. . Kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi adalah hak asasi manusia yang menjadi ciri demokrasi. Hak ini diatur dalam perangkat hukum internasional dan perangkat hukum nasional. Namun, kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi tidak dapat ditegakkan secara otomatis. Pelaksanaan kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi harus memperhatikan hak asasi manusia dan kepentingan hukum orang lain. Kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi yang tidak bertanggung jawab dapat menimbulkan masalah hukum seperti pencemaran nama baik, penghinaan, hingga fitnah dan penghinaan (fitnah). Kata kunci: kebebasan berpendapat, berekspresi, hak asasi manusia, demokrasi

Dialogue to Freedom of Opinion

A man offers his opinion on popular topics.https://egrove.olemiss.edu/kgbsides_uk/2174/thumbnail.jp

Islam and democracy: Guarantee of the right to freedom of opinion in the principle of religious moderation

The principle of democracy upholds the rights of every citizen in terms of freedom of expression. Muslim has rights and even has to think and argue. The right to freedom of expression should not violate the rights of other people because basically, every citizen has the right to freedom of opinion which has the same position. Freedom of opinion must also prioritize unity because the Indonesian nation is a nation that is diverse and rich in culture. This freedom of opinion must be used to spread good, and not for spreading evil and injustice. A person may express their opinion freely, as long as they do not violate the law, such as blasphemy, slander, against the truth, insulting other people's beliefs, or by following their own will. The understanding of freedom of opinion in religious moderation must be understood contextually because Indonesia has many cultures, and customs. Moderate in Islamic thought is to promote a tolerant attitude towards differences and openness to accept diversit

THE DEMOCRATIC DECLINE IN INDONESIA UNDER COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The debate about the weakening of democracy in various countries in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic is currently rising. This article aims to describe how the Indonesian government has implemented various pandemic control policies based on the indicators of democracy from the Freedom House, which include transparency, freedom of opinion, human rights, and pluralism. This article uses a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach, while data collection uses a literature study focusing on various government efforts and responses from civil society regarding pandemic control. The research results reveal that the policy does not pay attention to the transparency of state budget allocations, including the appointment of goods supplier partners. Threats of doxing against those critical of pandemic control policies interfere with free speech. In the civil society realm, a pandemic’s fear raises the stigma that this virus is identical to the Chinese-ethnic group. This paper concludes that indications of weakening transparency, freedom of opinion, human rights in pandemic control policies, and community responses contrary to pluralism values potentially reduce the quality of democracy in Indonesia

Disinformation Legislation and Freedom of Expression

The rise of disinformation on social media has prompted governments around the world to enact legislation that may affect every person’s right to freedom of opinion and expression. This Note seeks to explore the rise of disinformation and the legal framework that applies and to highlight some of the recent proposals to combat disinformation on social media

AI in Content Curation and Media Pluralism

This part focuses on the use of AI in content curation, addressing the impact of data-driven content recommender systems on diversity and media pluralism. This part and the next one highlighting shortcomings of AI-based content curation and targeted advertising provide human rights-centred recommendations to prevent the negative impact of AI tools in content curation on the right to freedom of opinion and expression

Meinungsfreiheit und Schutz vor Rassismus im Internet. Sozialethische Überlegungen zum Konflikt zweier Menschenrechte

In dem Maße, in dem im Internet und in sozialen Medien rassistische und ausländerfeindliche Äußerungen oder Hassrede zunehmen, wird auch der Ruf nach Zensur lauter. Zugleich aber gilt es, Informations- und Meinungsfreiheit zu schützen. Der Schutz vor Diskriminierung und das Grundrecht auf Meinungsfreiheit, beides Inhalt der Menschenrechte, sind zu realisieren. Zur Lösung dieses Spannungsfeldes werden die Menschrechte als unteilbarer sozialethischer Referenzrahmen begriffen. So kann aufgezeigt werden, dass Rassismus im World Wide Web unter Wahrung der Informations- und Meinungsfreiheit einzudämmen ist.English:Peter G. Kirchschläger: Freedom of Opinion and Protection from Racism on the Internet. Socioethical Considerations Regarding Two Conflicting Human Rights To the degree that racism or hate-speech increases on the internet and in social media, so does the demand to censure such content. At the same time, it remains necessary to protect the freedom of opinion and information. Therefore, the right to non-discrimination, which is also an inherent element of human rights, as well as the freedom of opinion and information must both be realized. For the resolution of this conflict of priorities, in this article human rights are interpreted within an indivisible social-ethical frame of reference. Accordingly, it is shown that racism on the World Wide Web can be curbed while preserving the freedom of opinion and information.

Arbitrary Arrest and Detention of Human Rights Defenders in Iran: Subduing the Voices Demanding Rights

Arbitrary arrest and detention, oftentimes used to curtail the freedom of opinion and expression, as well as the right to association and peaceful assembly, has continued to characterize Iranian regimes since the 1979 Islamic Revolution. Such arrest and detention of human rights defenders (HRD)–who individually or with others act to protect and promote human rights—has demonstrated the repressive nature of the Iranian regime. Human rights lawyers, civil society representatives, journalists, and women’s rights movements and trade union activists are among the most commonly targeted HRD