Flood Impact Assessment Literature Review

This report is a literature review on flood damage approaches and models with suggestion for model adaption, including the report on assessed damages in case study cities.The work described in this publication was supported by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme through the grant to the budget of CORFU Collaborative Research on Flood Resilience in Urban Areas, Contract 244047

FLIAT, an object-relational GIS tool for flood impact assessment in Flanders, Belgium

Floods can cause damage to transportation and energy infrastructure, disrupt the delivery of services, and take a toll on public health, sometimes even causing significant loss of life. Although scientists widely stress the compelling need for resilience against extreme events under a changing climate, tools for dealing with expected hazards lag behind. Not only does the socio-economic, ecologic and cultural impact of floods need to be considered, but the potential disruption of a society with regard to priority adaptation guidelines, measures, and policy recommendations need to be considered as well. The main downfall of current impact assessment tools is the raster approach that cannot effectively handle multiple metadata of vital infrastructures, crucial buildings, and vulnerable land use (among other challenges). We have developed a powerful cross-platform flood impact assessment tool (FLIAT) that uses a vector approach linked to a relational database using open source program languages, which can perform parallel computation. As a result, FLIAT can manage multiple detailed datasets, whereby there is no loss of geometrical information. This paper describes the development of FLIAT and the performance of this tool

Modelling uncertainty for flash floods in coastal plains using adjoint methods

This paper shows the application of adjoint sensitivity analysis to flash flood wave propagation in a river channel. The adjoint sensitivity analysis is used to assess flood hazard in a coastal area caused by river discharge. The numerical model determines the sensitivities of predicted water levels to uncertainties in key controls such as inflow hydrograph, channel topography, frictional resistance and infiltration rate. Sensitivities are calculated using the adjoint equations and are specified in terms of water levels being greater than certain safe threshold levels along the channel. The flood propagation model is based on the St. Venant equations while the propagation of sensitivity information is based on the corresponding adjoint equations. This analysis is achieved using a numerical model that integrates The St. Venant equations forward in time using a staggered finite difference scheme. An enhanced method of characteristics at the downstream boundary provides open boundary conditions and overcomes the problem of reflections from the boundaries. Then, the adjoint model is integrated backwards in time to trace the sensitivity information back through the model domain towards the inflow control boundary. The adjoint model has been verified by means of an identical twin experiment

Interactive 3D visualisation of flood impact to critical infrastructure

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available via the link in this recordIn the paper, we present an innovative application that allows stakeholders to interactively visualise the evolution of flooding and its impact to critical infrastructure using a standard web browser without any other software requirement. The system can demonstrate not only the maximum flood extent on a plain map, but also spatiotemporal varied information in 3D for any locations within the modelling domain that a user specifies. It can also be linked to online real-time flood modelling and risk assessment tools to provide risk-based early warning such that decision makers can prioritise emergency response actions to better protect critical infrastructure during extreme flood events.The work presented in this paper was partially funded by the ongoing H2020 EC project EU-CIRCLE (2015-2018), GA 653824

Urban flood impact assessment: A state-of-the-art review

Copyright © 2013 Taylor & Francis. This is an Author's Accepted Manuscript of an article published in Urban Water Journal (2013), available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/1573062X.2013.857421There is another ORE record for this publication: http://hdl.handle.net/10871/31595Flooding can cause major disruptions in cities, and lead to significant impacts on people, the economy and on the environment. These impacts may be exacerbated by climate and socio-economic changes. Resilience thinking has become an important way for city planners and decision makers to manage flood risks. Despite different definitions of resilience, a consistent theme is that flood resilient cities are impacted less by extreme flood events. Therefore, flood risk professionals and planners need to understand flood impacts to build flood resilient cities. This paper presents a state-of-the-art literature review on flood impact assessment in urban areas, detailing their application, and their limitations. It describes both techniques for dealing with individual categories of impacts, as well as methodologies for integrating them. The paper will also identify future avenues for progress in improving the techniques.Research on the CORFU (Collaborative research on flood resilience in urban areas) project was funded by the European Commission through Framework Programme

Short- and long-term effects of the 1998 Bangladesh flood on rural wages

Natural disasters have particularly devastating impacts on economic growth in developing countries because they impede the accumulation of capital. The resilience of labor markets is crucial especially for the poor who rely only on labor to diversify their income portfolio and buffer against risk. Such a risk management strategy may become more challenging as global climate change increases the frequency of natural disasters. We use the Bangladesh Flood Impact panel household survey to evaluate how the 1998 “flood of the century” affected wages in Bangladesh. We find long-term declines in wages where nonagricultural labor markets are more severely affected. We also evaluate how soil quality and proximity to auxiliary labor markets cushion labor markets against the disaster. The most compelling evidence shows that workers in areas further from centers of economic activity are more vulnerable to flood-induced wage losses. Our findings suggest that future emergency relief and climate change programs should consider the protection of labor markets by improving infrastructure to facilitate job searches in alternative locations or reduce migration costs.accumulation of capital, Climate change, Disasters, economic growth, flood, labor markets, migration costs, Risk management, Soil quality, Wages,

THE ANIMATION OF ANTICIPATION SIMULATION OF FLOOD DISASTER BASED ON INFOGRAPHIC (CASE STUDY OF WATERSHED IN MEDAN JOHOR REGION, MEDAN CITY)

Flood disaster is a natural phenomenon caused by the natural process and uncontrolled human activities in exploiting nature. The natural process depends on rainfall conditions, groundwater systems (geohydrology), geological structure, rock types, geomorphology, and topography. Meanwhile, human activities mean behaviors in exploiting nature for human welfare, that tend to damage the environment, particularly at a watershed, with high intensity, less control, and oversteps of the spatial planning rules. It has been known that flood disaster brings a big loss, for example, the physical loss is estimated more than a billion rupiah and it has not included tangible losses (or invaluable losses), such as plague, the time loss of social activity, and so forth. It is expected to minimize the loss by flood anticipation from government and society who are prone to getting the flood impact, for example, the settlement at the watershed. This research aims to design and make an infographic of flood anticipation simulation based on animation and multimedia for giving education to the society who are often getting the flood impact, like the settlement at the watershed, so that the physical and intangible losses can be minimize

Agile Decision Making Approach To Enhance Information Management For Flood Impact

Natural disasters are natural forces that cannot be avoid. There are various natural disasters that have been recorded since human civilization which are earthquakes, storms, floods and so on. Malaysia is not spared from experiencing a natural disaster. Although Malaysia is fortunate because did not receive a lot of natural disasters like other countries in the world, but the impact of natural disasters that befell onto Malaysia is still large and can cause devastating losses such as loss of life. Flash flood is a natural disaster that affecting Malaysia the most. Malaysia's position in the middle of wind flowing from north to south and vice versa yielding monsoon wind. The wind was carrying the next heavy rain caused flooding in Malaysia. Melaka as one of the existing state in Malaysia is no exception from this natural disaster. Low areas are prone to flash floods during the annual monsoon season. When natural disasters occur, the situation will become very chaotic and uncertain. There are various studies and findings has been conducted to investigate this situation to further understand how people can react in accordance with the chaos. Studies has produced a framework to confront the natural environment crisis. Within this framework there are five proposed measures to confront the crisis situations To ensure that each of these steps can be carried out successfully, good communication is required. Communication is one important element in times of crisis. With communication, situation can be controlled, news and information can be conveyed to the rescue team and rescue and recovery process can be carried out. To ensure that the message of can be arranged in the order of precedence of the more important and less important in the future, a mechanism should be introduced. This is to ensure that the composition of the news can be arranged according to the importance so decisions can be made quickly and can easily be change with the times of crisis. In this study, Agile Decision Making (ADM) was introduced to help those involved in the rescue and recovery of flood victims making a decision using Agile Decision Making. Agile Decision Making will be developed in this study. After Agile Decision Making has been developed, research will be done to get feedback from related agencies of effectiveness of using Agile Decision Making during the process of flash flood rescue and recovery Result from feedback will be used to improve Agile Decision Making in the future. This research will also try to understand parameters that can contribute in the process of rescue and recovery in flash flood situations. This parameter can help related agencies make decision on dangerousness of situation during rescue and recovery of flood victims. At the end of this study are expected to be better understood by flash floods and the system can be developed. The system is expected it can help improve the process of rescuing the victims of flash floods in the future