Synthetic earthquake hazard

Issued as final reportUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaig

Inter- and intra-plate deformation at North American plate boundaries

Alaska tectonics and earthquake hazard studies; Southern California tectonics (block rotation); spreading near the Salton Trough; California plate motion (fault zone kinematics); and Caribbean plate motion investigations are examined

Economic loss estimation for earthquake hazard in Istanbul

Natural hazards, especially earthquakes, cause disasters when they hit large settlements such as metropolitan areas. After the first shock, the damage is counted by deaths and injuries. In a while, the destroying effects of disaster appear on economic asset of the region. Direct losses including damages in buildings and lifelines can caused non-structural or indirect losses as interruption of business activities and services. Loss estimation techniques have been developed to evaluate losses from earthquakes and other natural hazards. Recently, loss estimation models have improved due to advances in information technology and have been automated using Geographic Information Systems. The aim of this paper is to find out economic effects of probable earthquake in Istanbul. In this study, damage ratios of the most probable and the worst-case earthquake scenarios have been used in order to estimate total damage cost from destruction of houses and interruption of business activities. Despite the loss estimation model does not include monetary losses in lifeline system, centers of administration, emergency services and historical assets, the findings show that future losses, caused by a severe earthquake in Marmara Sea, will exceed the total damage cost of Kocaeli earthquake in 1999.

IDENTIFICATION OF PALU-KORO FAULT MECHANISM AND EARTHQUAKE HAZARD VULNERABILITY OF PALU AREA CENTRAL OF SULAWESI

The identification of the Palu-Koro Fault and earthquake hazard vulnerability study has been conducted based on multi-criteria analysis which is a recent innovation zonation method of earthquake hazard vulnerable areas. The study method used is a merging scientific discipline of geology and geophysics. Field data collection (acquisition), processing, data analysis and modeling in the laboratory using several seismic software became the main framework in this study. Earthquake hazard vulnerability maps contain several criteria related to factors affecting the vulnerability level in the study area to the earthquakes hazard. Acquisition of geological investigation including fault-slip at 19 points and historical of 30 earthquakes data were used to verified fault type or earthquake focal mechanism. Microtremor measurements were conducted at 350 points throughout at the Palu area to analyze the vulnerability of earthquake hazard in the study area. The earthquake focal mechanism analysis shows the type of fault that predominantly controls through the Palu area and its surroundings controlled by strike-slip or horizontal fault mechanism. The micro-zonation analysis shows that the value of the resonant frequency (fo) in the range of 0.307 to 14.668, amplification factor (A) in the range of 1.297 to 8.946, the predominant period (Tg) in the range of 0.068 to 3.257, seismic vulnerability (Kg) in the range of 0.36 to 231, 97. Based on the vulnerability classification level and earthquake hazard shows that no area is safe. Particularly the impact caused by an earthquake due to the activity of Palu-Koro Fault

UM Engineering Science Ph.D. Continues Research at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab

Mamun Miah studying earthquake hazard simulations, risk assessment

Long-term impacts of tropical storms and earthquakes on human population growth in Haiti and the Dominican Republic

Since the 18th century, Haiti and the Dominican Republic have experienced similar natural forces, including earthquakes and tropical storms. These countries are two of the most prone of all Latin American and Caribbean countries to natural hazards events, while Haiti seems to be more vulnerable to natural forces. This article discusses to what extent geohazards have shaped both nation's demographic developments. The data show that neither atmospheric nor seismic forces that directly hit the territory of Haiti have significantly affected the country's population growth rates and spatial population densities. Conversely, since the 1950s more people were exposed to atmospheric hazards, in particular, in regions which historically experienced higher storm frequencies

Utilization of SDRRM Workshop Module to Increase the Preparedness Level of Key Stage-2 Learners in Earthquake Hazard Precautions

Purpose This study investigated the effectivity of the Workshop Module in increasing the preparedness level of KS-2 pupils in disaster risk reduction and management in terms of earthquake hazard precautions.Design/ Methodology/ Approach The study used quasi-experimental method of research. Purposively selected KS-2 student leaders from Bula Elementary School. The data was gathered using a self-made questionnaire. To treat the data, weighted mean and t-test were used.Findings The pupils’ mean score was 2.14 (Less Prepared) in the pre-test and 3.50 (Highly Prepared) in the post test. The increase of 1.36 on the pupils’ mean score show that there is a certain improvement on the level of preparedness. The computed t-value (12.88) was also compared to the p-value (0.0001), a significant difference between the pre- and post-tests of the respondents.Research Limitations/Implications It was limited on the KS-2 pupils with leadership experiences and their level of preparedness in terms of earthquake hazard precautions before and after the exposure to module. It implies that the module was beneficial in enhancing the preparedness level of the pupils in terms of earthquake hazard precautions.Originality/ Value The habit of using the SDRRM workshop module is beneficial for enhancing students' preparedness for disaster risk reduction and management through increasing the pupils’ preparedness in terms of earthquake hazard precautions

Public Response to Earthquake Hazard Information

Consumer protection legislation has been based on the assumptions that people prefer to avoid risks and that they make rational decisions given a bounded field of information. Mandated disclosure of information about environmental hazards in limited areas should therefore result in the avoidance of such areas by homebuyers or the adoption of mitigation measures subsequent to the move. The response of California homebuyers to mandated disclosure of the location of special studies zones or surface fault rupture districts was negligible, both because of the failure of the law to specify rigorous disclosure procedures and also because the law was based on the assumption that the mere provision of information will result in a predictable and rational behavioral response

Earthquake Hazard Mitigation of Transportation Facilities

Concern has grown in recent years, over the seismic activity of the New Madrid seismic zone located in the central United States. Western Kentucky is located in this region. To permit emergency medical, supply, and equipment traffic into this area after an earthquake has occurred, the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet is interested in the possibility of keeping selected routes passable. This report lists the routes that have been investigated and recommended as being routes that should be maintained in passable conditions. These recommended routes have been visually surveyed and all seismically significant features cataloged. These features are listed in the Appendix. In addition, a discussion on retrofitting bridges for seismic safety is included. A number of general recommendations are made concerning hardening the transportation system against earthquakes