28,846 research outputs found
ANFIS Modeling of Dynamic Load Balancing in LTE
Modelling of ill-defined or unpredictable systems can be very challenging. Most models have relied on
conventional mathematical models which does not adequately track some of the multifaceted challenges
of such a system. Load balancing, which is a self-optimization operation of Self-Organizing Networks
(SON), aims at ensuring an equitable distribution of users in the network. This translates into better user
satisfaction and a more efficient use of network resources. Several methods for load balancing have been
proposed. While some of them have a very buoyant theoretical basis, they are not practical. Furthermore,
most of the techniques proposed the use of an iterative algorithm, which in itself is not computationally
efficient as it does not take the unpredictable fluctuation of network load into consideration. This chapter
proposes the use of soft computing, precisely Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model,
for dynamic QoS aware load balancing in 3GPP LTE. The use of ANFIS offers learning capability of
neural network and knowledge representation of fuzzy logic for a load balancing solution that is cost
effective and closer to human intuition. Three key load parameters (number of satisfied user in the net-
work, virtual load of the serving eNodeB, and the overall state of the target eNodeB) are used to adjust
the hysteresis value for load balancing
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Dynamic load balancing algorithm complexity
This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the asymptotic complexity inherent in a load balancing algorithm in a loosely-coupled network, where processor communication is achieved by message passing. The load balancing complexity depends on the network topology and the overhead of processor communication for each polling strategy. The best, worst, and average case analysis of the load balancing algorithms for the various polling topologies are presented. The polling strategies considered are local, global, and random polling. The complexity is presented as a function of the number of processors in the network
Simulation of dynamic load effect on power system frequency
This thesis addresses the impact of dynamic load on power system frequency. Rapid
dynamic load variations will bring significant impact to the power system in terms of
frequency. The thesis is based on three-phase dynamic load (composite based). The
objective of this thesis was to analyse the dynamic characteristics of loads and its
impact on power system frequency. For this, IEEE 9 bus system was tested with
dynamic loads by observing change in power system frequenc
On dynamic loads in parallel shaft transmissions. 2: Parameter study
Solutions to the governing equations of a spur gear transmission model, developed in NASA TM-100180 (AVSCOM TM-87-C-2), are presented. Factors affecting the dynamic load are identified. It is found that the dynamic load increases with operating speed up to a system natural frequency. At operating speeds beyond the natural frequency the dynamic load decreases dramatically. Also. it is found that the applied load and shaft inertia have little effect on the dynamic load. Damping and friction decrease the dynamic load. Finally, tooth stiffness has a significant effect on dynamic loading; the higher the stiffness, the lower the dynamic loading. Also, the higher the stiffness the higher the rotating speed required for dynamic response
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Dynamic Load and Storage Integration
Modern technology combined with the desire to minimize the size and weight of a ship’s power system are leading to renewed interest in more electric or all electric ships. An important characteristic of the emerging ship power system is an increasing level of load variability, with some future pulsed loads requiring peak power in excess of the available steady– state power. This inevitably leads to the need for some additional energy storage beyond that inherent in the fuel. With the current and evolving technology, it appears that storage will be in the form of batteries, rotating machines, and capacitors. All of these are in use on ships today and all have enjoyed significant technological improvements over the last decade. Moreover all are expected to be further enhanced by today’s materials research. A key benefit of storage is that, when it can be justified for a given load, it can have additional beneficial uses such as ride-through capability to restart a gas turbine if there is an unanticipated power loss; alternatively, storage can be used to stabilize the power grid when switching large loads. Knowing when to stage gas turbine utilization versus energy storage is a key subject in this paper. The clear need for storage has raised the opportunity to design a comprehensive storage system, sometimes called an energy magazine, that can combine intermittent generation as well as any or all of the other storage technologies to provide a smaller, lighter and better performing system than would individual storage solutions for each potential application.Center for Electromechanic
SSME-HAS dynamic load simulators
The space shuttle main engine propellant valve actuators (SSME) were designed to simulate the loads reflected into the SSME by the chamber coolant valve, the fuel preburner, and the oxidizer. The design, and functional description are included along with a list of the drawings. The load fixture control transform, friction torque, and flow calculations are reported
A computer solution for the dynamic load, lubricant film thickness, and surface temperatures in spiral-bevel gears
A computer method for determining the dynamic load between spiral bevel pinion and gear teeth contact along the path of contact is described. The dynamic load analysis governs both the surface temperature and film thickness. Computer methods for determining the surface temperature, and film thickness are presented along with results obtained for a pair of typical spiral bevel gears
Estimating Dynamic Load Parameters from Ambient PMU Measurements
In this paper, a novel method to estimate dynamic load parameters via ambient
PMU measurements is proposed. Unlike conventional parameter identification
methods, the proposed algorithm does not require the existence of large
disturbance to power systems, and is able to provide up-to-date dynamic load
parameters consistently and continuously. The accuracy and robustness of the
method are demonstrated through numerical simulations.Comment: The paper has been accepted by IEEE PES general meeting 201
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