5,728 research outputs found
Non-Markovian data-driven modeling of single-cell motility
Trajectories of human breast cancer cells moving on one-dimensional circular tracks are modeled by thenon-Markovian version of the Langevin equation that includes an arbitrary memory function. When averagedover cells, the velocity distribution exhibits spurious non-Gaussian behavior, while single cells are characterizedby Gaussian velocity distributions. Accordingly, the data are described by a linear memory model whichincludes different random walk models that were previously used to account for various aspects of cell motilitysuch as migratory persistence, non-Markovian effects, colored noise, and anomalous diffusion. The memoryfunction is extracted from the trajectory data without restrictions or assumptions, thus making our approachtruly data driven, and is used for unbiased single-cell comparison. The cell memory displays time-delayedsingle-exponential negative friction, which clearly distinguishes cell motion from the simple persistent randomwalk model and suggests a regulatory feedback mechanism that controls cell migration. Based on the extractedmemory function we formulate a generalized exactly solvable cell migration model which indicates thatnegative friction generates cell persistence over long timescales. The nonequilibrium character of cell motionis investigated by mapping the non-Markovian Langevin equation with memory onto a Markovian model thatinvolves a hidden degree of freedom and is equivalent to the underdamped active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process
Data-driven Modeling and Coordination of Large Process Structures
In the engineering domain, the development of complex products (e.g., cars) necessitates the coordination of thousands of (sub-)processes. One of the biggest challenges for process management systems is to support the modeling, monitoring and maintenance of the many interdependencies between these sub-processes. The resulting process structures are large and can be characterized by a strong relationship with the assembly of the product; i.e., the sub-processes to be coordinated can be related to the different product components. So far, sub-process coordination has been mainly accomplished manually, resulting in high efforts and inconsistencies. IT support is required to utilize the information about the product and its structure for deriving, coordinating and maintaining such data-driven process structures. In this paper, we introduce the COREPRO framework for the data-driven modeling of large process structures. The approach reduces modeling efforts significantly and provides mechanisms for maintaining data-driven process structures
Data-driven modeling of collaboration networks: A cross-domain analysis
We analyze large-scale data sets about collaborations from two different
domains: economics, specifically 22.000 R&D alliances between 14.500 firms, and
science, specifically 300.000 co-authorship relations between 95.000
scientists. Considering the different domains of the data sets, we address two
questions: (a) to what extent do the collaboration networks reconstructed from
the data share common structural features, and (b) can their structure be
reproduced by the same agent-based model. In our data-driven modeling approach
we use aggregated network data to calibrate the probabilities at which agents
establish collaborations with either newcomers or established agents. The model
is then validated by its ability to reproduce network features not used for
calibration, including distributions of degrees, path lengths, local clustering
coefficients and sizes of disconnected components. Emphasis is put on comparing
domains, but also sub-domains (economic sectors, scientific specializations).
Interpreting the link probabilities as strategies for link formation, we find
that in R&D collaborations newcomers prefer links with established agents,
while in co-authorship relations newcomers prefer links with other newcomers.
Our results shed new light on the long-standing question about the role of
endogenous and exogenous factors (i.e., different information available to the
initiator of a collaboration) in network formation.Comment: 25 pages, 13 figures, 4 table
Data-driven modeling of systemic delay propagation under severe meteorological conditions
The upsetting consequences of weather conditions are well known to any person
involved in air transportation. Still the quantification of how these
disturbances affect delay propagation and the effectiveness of managers and
pilots interventions to prevent possible large-scale system failures needs
further attention. In this work, we employ an agent-based data-driven model
developed using real flight performance registers for the entire US airport
network and focus on the events occurring on October 27 2010 in the United
States. A major storm complex that was later called the 2010 Superstorm took
place that day. Our model correctly reproduces the evolution of the
delay-spreading dynamics. By considering different intervention measures, we
can even improve the model predictions getting closer to the real delay data.
Our model can thus be of help to managers as a tool to assess different
intervention measures in order to diminish the impact of disruptive conditions
in the air transport system.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures. Tenth USA/Europe Air Traffic Management Research
and Development Seminar (ATM2013
Probing the dynamics of identified neurons with a data-driven modeling approach
In controlling animal behavior the nervous system has to perform within the operational limits set by the requirements of each specific behavior. The implications for the corresponding range of suitable network, single neuron, and ion channel properties have remained elusive. In this article we approach the question of how well-constrained properties of neuronal systems may be on the neuronal level. We used large data sets of the activity of isolated invertebrate identified cells and built an accurate conductance-based model for this cell type using customized automated parameter estimation techniques. By direct inspection of the data we found that the variability of the neurons is larger when they are isolated from the circuit than when in the intact system. Furthermore, the responses of the neurons to perturbations appear to be more consistent than their autonomous behavior under stationary conditions. In the developed model, the constraints on different parameters that enforce appropriate model dynamics vary widely from some very tightly controlled parameters to others that are almost arbitrary. The model also allows predictions for the effect of blocking selected ionic currents and to prove that the origin of irregular dynamics in the neuron model is proper chaoticity and that this chaoticity is typical in an appropriate sense. Our results indicate that data driven models are useful tools for the in-depth analysis of neuronal dynamics. The better consistency of responses to perturbations, in the real neurons as well as in the model, suggests a paradigm shift away from measuring autonomous dynamics alone towards protocols of controlled perturbations. Our predictions for the impact of channel blockers on the neuronal dynamics and the proof of chaoticity underscore the wide scope of our approach
Data driven modeling of self-similar dynamics
Multiscale modeling of complex systems is crucial for understanding their
intricacies. Data-driven multiscale modeling has emerged as a promising
approach to tackle challenges associated with complex systems. On the other
hand, self-similarity is prevalent in complex systems, hinting that large-scale
complex systems can be modeled at a reduced cost. In this paper, we introduce a
multiscale neural network framework that incorporates self-similarity as prior
knowledge, facilitating the modeling of self-similar dynamical systems. For
deterministic dynamics, our framework can discern whether the dynamics are
self-similar. For uncertain dynamics, it can compare and determine which
parameter set is closer to self-similarity. The framework allows us to extract
scale-invariant kernels from the dynamics for modeling at any scale. Moreover,
our method can identify the power law exponents in self-similar systems.
Preliminary tests on the Ising model yielded critical exponents consistent with
theoretical expectations, providing valuable insights for addressing critical
phase transitions in non-equilibrium systems.Comment: 11 pages,5 figures,1 tabl
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