Identifying Contextual Factors of Employee Satisfaction of Performance Management at a Thai State Enterprise

Although there has been an increase in Performance Management (PM) literature over the years arguing that PM perceptions are likely to be a function of PM process components and contextual factors, the actual relationship between the contextual factors and employee satisfaction of PM remains little explored.  Extending previous research, this study examines relationships between contextual factors and employees’ PM satisfaction.  Derived from the literature, these contextual factors are motivation and empowerment of employees, role conflict, role ambiguity, perceived organisational support, procedural justice and distributive justice.  Seven directional hypotheses are tested accordingly through a series of regression analyses.  This article finds that these contextual factors, with the exception of role conflict, are directly predictive of enhanced employees’ PM satisfaction at the Thai state enterprise

Sexual revictimisation: individual, interpersonal and contextual factors

People who have been sexually abused as children are two to three times more likely to be sexually revictimised in adolescence and/or adulthood. This paper explores the complex array of variables related to sexual revictimisation. Abstract There is a complex array of variables related to sexual revictimisation. Although prevalence is difficult to ascertain, several studies relate that people who have been sexually abused as children are two to three times more likely to be sexually revictimised in adolescence and/or adulthood. Much of the literature on sexual revictimisation focuses on the individual risk factors for the victim/survivor - their risk perception and emotional dysregulation resulting from initial sexual victimisation - and how these create vulnerability for sexual revictimisation. Broader contextual factors beyond the victim/survivor, however, are often ignored. These contextual factors are explored here with a particular emphasis on minority groups, such as people with a disability; gay, lesbian and bisexual people; and Indigenous people. This focus demonstrates that individual risk factors often do not account for how perpetrators may target vulnerable people who have previously been victimised, how community and organisational attitudes and norms may support sexual revictimisation, and how broader social norms create vulnerability for certain groups. A focus on these broader contextual factors helps to inform prevention strategies. Key messages People who are sexually abused in childhood are two to three times more likely to be sexually revictimised in adolescence and/or adulthood. Individual risk factors include a history of child sexual abuse, poor risk perception, emotional dysregulation, cumulative past abuse, family conflict and distress. Broader contextual factors, such as perpetrator tactics, community and organisational attitudes, and social norms, are also risk factors for sexual revictimisation. Those vulnerable to sexual revictimisation, including minority groups such as people with a disability; gay, lesbian and bisexual people; and Indigenous people may require greater support and advocacy in order to alleviate trauma and trauma symptoms, and increase their resilience. Similar strategies used in the sexual violence primary prevention space may be used to prevent sexual revictimisation. This includes respectful relationships education, gender equity principles and a focus on important sites of social norm reproduction, such as sporting sites and the media, to convey messages of respect and equality

The development and testing of a contextual model for healthcare quality improvement using Lean and the Model for Understanding Success in Quality (MUSIQ) : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Quality Systems at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

This study developed a new theoretical model of quality improvement (QI) contextual factors, for QI activity undertaken at the healthcare microsystem level. The Model for Understanding Success in Quality (MUSIQ) (Kaplan, Provost, Froehle, & Margolis, 2012), was aligned with Lean improvement activity using the Toyota Way framework. The aim of the research was to improve the effectiveness of healthcare quality improvement initiatives by providing more understanding of the associations, relative importance and precise functioning of critical contextual factors. A new survey instrument, based on the literature, was developed to collect data and the hypothesised theoretical relationships were tested using the partial least squares path modelling (PLSPM) technique. QI practitioners at a large New Zealand District Health Board were surveyed on a range of contextual factors hypothesised to influence improvement outcomes. All survey participants had recently completed a small-scale improvement project using Lean, or were participants in training programmes that introduced them to Lean thinking and methods. Some participants worked autonomously on improvements of their own selection; others were part of a wider training programme derived from the National Health Service’s (UK) ‘productive ward’ programme. In the healthcare organisational context, the majority of these improvement initiatives were carried out at the microsystem level – initiated and delivered by the teams responsible for the work processes being modified. Survey responses were first analysed via principal components analysis (to examine the dimensionality of the scales) and then PLSPM. The defined contextual factors for ‘Teamwork’, ‘Respect for People’, ‘Lean Actions’ and the influence of negatively motivating factors all reached significance. Defined contextual factors for ‘Previous Experience’ and the influence of positive motivating factors did not reach significance at 5% level. The final model showed a statistically significant, moderate predictive strength, with an overall adjusted R2 of 0.58. This result was an encouraging validation of the microsystem-level layer of the MUSIQ model using Lean as the QI method (context). The relative influence of ‘Teamwork’, ‘Respect for People’, ‘Motivation’, and a mediating mechanism for making process changes (in this instance, Lean) were measured and found to be consistent with the MUSIQ model. Identifying more detailed causal mechanisms (the present model was intentionally parsimonious due to the time frame allowed and the resources available for the research), refining the operational definitions, and developing and testing predictive models for the defined contextual factors are the proposed next steps in the research

Management Control Systems and Contextual Variables in the Hospitality Industry

Purpose – The paper examined management control systems (MCS) in Indonesian hospitality sector. This study examines the impact of six contextual factors at one time to determine the importance of each factor on the design of MCS. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based upon data collected through a survey sent to “star” hotels in Central Java, Indonesia. Using Chenhall (2003) design, a regression equation is run to examine the relationship between MCS and the contextual variables of environment, technology, structure, size, strategy and culture. Findings – The paper finds that higher levels of the contextual variables of technology, structure, and culture are related to more sophisticated MCS while size is related to more traditional MCS. Research limitations/implications –These findings are related to the hospitality industry in Indonesia. Future research could examine different settings (i.e. country, industry, etc) and investigate the effect of each contextual variable on the relationships between MCS and firm performance. Originality/value – The present study extends the scope of MCS system in accounting literature by testing Chenhall (2003) works on the relationship between contextual variables and MCS. It attempts to fill the gap in contingency-based studies that have previously focused on one aspect of contingency by considering six contextual factors. Furthermore, this paper also contributes to a fuller understanding of MCS practices in Indonesia and the hospitality industry and helps management in determining its most effective design. Keywords Hospitality management, Management Control Systems, Indonesia, Contextual Variable

Mathematical Explanation: A Contextual Approach

PurposeIn this article, we aim to present and defend a contextual approach to mathematical explanation.MethodTo do this, we introduce an epistemic reading of mathematical explanation.ResultsThe epistemic reading not only clarifies the link between mathematical explanation and mathematical understanding, but also allows us to explicate some contextual factors governing explanation. We then show how several accounts of mathematical explanation can be read in this approach.ConclusionThe contextual approach defended here clears up the notion of explanation and pushes us towards a pluralist vision on mathematical explanation

Family Perception, Levels of US Acculturation and School Contextual Effects on Achievement of Second-Generation Immigrants: Multi-Level Modeling

Background: Students’ academic achievement is influenced by several factors from individual characteristics to contextual factors. In addition to these factors, second-generation immigrant children are faced with acculturation effects that impact on their achievement. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the individual, family, and contextual effects on the academic achievement of second-generation immigrant children. Methods: This was a quantitative research where a two-level Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) was used. The data used in the study comes from Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study (CILS) which was done with 5,262 respondents. This data was collected through interviews and surveys. The relevant variables in the study were; GPA which was the dependent variable, and individual characteristics, perception of family, levels of acculturation (level one variables), school contextual effects (level two variables) were the independent variables. Results: Grade level, gender, length of stay in the U.S, Family Social Economic Status and levels of U.S acculturation; the individual characteristics all measured as level one predictors were positive and significant predictors of GPA. Contextual factors of the school population, minority population all measured as level two predictors were significant and negative predictors of GPA, while School Social Economic Status also a level two predictor was a positive and significant predictor of GPA. Conclusions: Family Socioeconomic Status, levels of U.S acculturation (children’s proficiency in English, children’s perception of family) and school Social Economic Status were strong and significant positive predictors of GPA.https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/gradposters/1108/thumbnail.jp

Comparing knowledge, accessibility, and use of evidence-based chronic disease prevention processes across four countries

<p>Background: Evidence-based chronic disease prevention (EBCDP) effectively reduces incidence rates of many chronic diseases, but contextual factors influence the implementation of EBCDP worldwide. This study aims to examine the following contextual factors across four countries: knowledge, access, and use of chronic disease prevention processes.</p><p>Methods: In this cross-sectional study, public health practitioners (N = 400) from Australia (n = 121), Brazil (n = 76), China (n = 102), and the United States (n = 101) completed a 26-question survey on EBCDP. One-way ANOVA and Pearson's Chi-Square tests were used to assess differences in contextual factors of interest by country.</p><p>Results: Practitioners in China reported less knowledge of EBCDP processes (p < 0.001) and less use of repositories of evidence-based interventions, than those from other countries (p < 0.001). Academic journals were the most frequently used method for accessing information about evidence-based interventions across countries. When selecting interventions, Brazilian and Chinese practitioners were more likely to consider implementation ease while the Australian and United States practitioners were more likely to consider effectiveness (p < 0.001).</p><p>Conclusions: These findings can help inform and improve within and across country strategies for implementing EBCDP interventions.</p