The role of caretakers in disease dynamics

One of the key challenges in modeling the dynamics of contagion phenomena is to understand how the structure of social interactions shapes the time course of a disease. Complex network theory has provided significant advances in this context. However, awareness of an epidemic in a population typically yields behavioral changes that correspond to changes in the network structure on which the disease evolves. This feedback mechanism has not been investigated in depth. For example, one would intuitively expect susceptible individuals to avoid other infecteds. However, doctors treating patients or parents tending sick children may also increase the amount of contact made with an infecteds, in an effort to speed up recovery but also exposing themselves to higher risks of infection. We study the role of these caretaker links in an adaptive network models where individuals react to a disease by increasing or decreasing the amount of contact they make with infected individuals. We find that pure avoidance, with only few caretaker links, is the best strategy for curtailing an SIS disease in networks that possess a large topological variability. In more homogeneous networks, disease prevalence is decreased for low concentrations of caretakers whereas a high prevalence emerges if caretaker concentration passes a well defined critical value.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figure

Food Insecurity And Child And Parent/Caretaker Overweight/Obesity In A Rural, Appalachian Mississippi Community

This study examined the differences in parent/caretaker body mass index (BMI) and parent/caretaker-reported child overweight/obesity by food security status in a rural, Appalachian, Mississippi community, as well as the relationship of parent/caretaker BMI and parent/caretaker-reported child overweight/obesity to food security status. A cross-sectional survey of elementary school parents/caretakers recruited at three elementary schools in an economically-distressed Appalachian, Mississippi county was conducted. Parent/caretaker BMI was calculated from self-reported height and weight. Caretaker-reported child overweight/obesity was determined using caretaker report of a medical professional identifying child overweight/obesity within the past year. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS (version 23, 2015) to assess for differences in parent/caretaker BMI and caretaker-reported child overweight/obesity by food security status (ANOVA, Independent Samples T-test, Pearson Chi Squared), as well as the relationship of food security to BMI and child overweight/obesity (Pearson r and Kendall’s taub correlations). Parent/caretaker participants (n=467, 41% response rate) were 34±8 years and predominantly Caucasian (n=264/465, 57%), female (n=425/461, 92%), married (n=243/453, 54%), with some college or higher education (n=256/461, 56%), and living in food-secure households (n=367/455, 80%). Parent/caretaker BMI differed by food security status (p=.02), with those from food-insecure households having a significantly higher BMI (31.7kg/m2±8.0 kg/m2) than those from food-secure households (29.2±7.2). Parent/caretaker BMI was greater in food-insecure households, but prevalence of caretaker-reported child overweight/obesity was greater in food-secure households (6.8%), compared to food-insecure households (1.1%). Exploring nutrition interventions, especially in a community hub (e.g., school), that may help to alleviate household food insecurity is warranted

TAKING CARE OF THE SICK ELDER PEOPLE AT HOME IN THE SPEECH OF FAMILIAL CARE TAKER

This investigation is about an exploratory, descriptive and in a qualitative approach study, which hadas its objective to know how the choice of the sick elderly peoples familial caretaker occurs and how the caretakerfeels in this role. The main caretaker was interviewed in home visits. The sample was constituted of nine familialcaretakers, mainly from the female sex: wives, daughters, daughters-in-law, granddaughters, and the husband. Forthe analysis of the data, the content analysis, following the methodological steps of Minayo, was used. Twoanalytical categories were elaborated: being a familial caretaker: is it an option or an obligation?, which shows thatthe choice of taking care is closely related to the feeling of obligation, but also to affection relations, gratitude andthe impossibility of choosing another caretaker, and being a sick elderly peoples familial caretaker that approachesfeelings of gratitude, resignation, inexperience in face of the care demands, physical and emotional tiredness, lossof freedom and solitude due to the activity in the caretaker

A legal study of a caretaker government in Malaysia / Abidah Ahmad, Ainil Farahin and Azlin Shahzwani

When a Parliament dissolves, caretaker government is a government which rules the country at that point of time. In Malaysia, a caretaker government is referring to the previous government which continues to take up the office in a caretaker capacity without the need of taking an oath. The question that comes into mind is that can a government which has lost its legitimacy rule the country? Is the establishment of a caretaker government hold on to the concept of democracy which allows the citizens to elect their own choice of leaders through general election? The only provision that is relevant with the establishment of a caretaker government is in Article 43(2) of the Federal Constitution. However, there is no mention of a caretaker government in the provision. The existence of a valid convention which has been adopted and applied in Malaysia can be said to have filled the lacuna of the law with regards to the caretaker government. By examining the relevant provision and the convention, it can be concluded that in Malaysia there is actually no law which particularly govern the establishment of a caretaker government. Apart from that, the discussion in this project paper is being extended on the strengths and weaknesses of the current legal framework of a caretaker government in Malaysia, Bangladesh and New Zealand. In doing so, it is observed that perhaps Malaysia can implement the suitable laws in Bangladesh and New Zealand as to accord the situations in Malaysia with regards to the establishment of a caretaker government

PENDAPAT CALON TENAGA KERJA INDONESIA TENTANG HASIL PELATIHAN CARETAKER DI BLKLN GRAHA AYUKARSA

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh hasil pelatihan caretaker yang meliputi kemampuan kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor diharapkan dapat dijadikan persiapan CTKI yang akan bekerja ke luar negeri sehingga dapat mengisi tingginya permintaan caretaker khususnya di kawasan Asia Pasifik seiring dengan kondisi puncak pertumbuhan lansia pada tahun 2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendapat calon tenaga kerja Indonesia tentang hasil pelatihan caretaker di BLKLN Graha Ayukarsa ditinjau dari hasil pelatihan yang meliputi kemampuan kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah CTKI BLKLN Graha Ayukarsa angkatan tahun 2012 dengan jumlah sample sebanyak 38 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil pelatihan caretaker yang meliputi kemampuan kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor di BLKLN Garaha Ayukarsa, dengan penafsiran data sebagian besar pendapat CTKI berada pada kriteria tinggi. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kepada peserta pelatihan pembantu penjaga lansia atau caretaker agar dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor selama proses pelatihan dengan lebih banyak mencari sumber belajar sehingga wawasan, pengetahuan dan keterampilan dapat meningkat, guna menunjang CTKI sebagai pembantu penjaga lansia atau caretaker yang profesional di luar negeri, khususnya di kawasan Asia Pasifik. Kata kunci : Pendapat, Hasil Pelatihan, Caretake Abstract This research is background overshadow by result of training caretaker covering cognitive, affective, and psychomotor ability. Expected can be made by preparation CTKI to work out country so that can fill the height of request caretaker specially in Asian Pacific area along with condition culminate the growth old age in the year 2020. This research aim to know the opinion of candidate of Indonesia labour about result of training caretaker in BLKLN Graha Ayukarsa evaluated from training result covering cognitive, affective, and psychomotor ability. Method used in this research is descriptive method. Population in this research is CTKI BLKLN Graha Ayukarsa of year generation 2012 with the amount sample as much 38 people. Result of research indicate that result of training caretaker covering cognitive, affective, and psychomotor ability in BLKLN Garaha Ayukarsa, with the data interpretation of most opinion CTKI be at the high criterion. This research recommend to ministrant training competitor of custodian of lansia or caretaker so that can improve the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor ability, during training process with interest a lot of searching source learn so that knowledge and skill can mount, utilize to support CTKI as assistant of custodian of professional old age or caretaker beyond the sea, specially in Asian Pacific area. Keywords: Opinion, Result of Training, Caretake

Caretaker Government and the Evolution of Caretaker Conventions in New Zealand

Since the financial crisis immediately following the 1984 general election, various efforts have been made to clarify the role and responsibilities of caretaker governments in New Zealand. The need to do so was given added urgency as a result of the referendum in 1993 in favour of proportional representation. This article examines the recent evolution of New Zealand's caretaker conventions and assesses their application following the first MMP election in late 1996. The article begins with a brief description of caretaker conventions in other parliamentary democracies. It then considers the operation of the caretaker conventions in New Zealand under the previous first-past-the-post electoral system, and discusses the measures taken in the early-to-mid 1990s to clarify these conventions in preparation for MMP. Having evaluated the conduct of government during the lengthy interregnum in late 1996, the article concludes with an analysis of some of the continuing policy issues generated by caretaker governments and outlines possible ways of reducing the frequency and duration of caretaker periods

ELECTRONIC SANITARY HEALTH PRODUCT

A sanitary health product information system provides information describing a condition of a sanitary health product to a caretaker. The system detects the condition of the sanitary health product, e.g., wetness level or moisture level. On detecting the condition, the system transmits information describing the condition of the sanitary health product to a user or a caretaker. Further, the system presents the information, on a device associated with the caretaker, based on the which the caretaker can take an action, e.g., changing the sanitary health product if the wetness level is high

Caretaker Satisfaction With Law Enforcement Response to Missing Children.

Examines satisfaction with law enforcement from the perspective of all primary caretakers who contacted police when one or more of their children experienced a qualifying episode in the Second National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children (NISMART–2) National Household Survey of Adult Caretakers. This Bulletin is the eighth in the NISMART–2 series