2,262 research outputs found
Altruism among relatives and non-relatives
The amount of their own monetary reward that undergraduate participants claimed they were willing to forgo, in order to give $75 to another person, decreased hyperbolically as social distance increased between the participant and the other person. Relatives tended to be ranked at closer social distances than were non-relatives. However, even at the same social distance, participants were willing to forgo significantly more money for the benefit of relatives than for the benefit of non-relatives. These results imply that altruism is determined by factors in addition to social distance
The Sensing Capacity of Sensor Networks
This paper demonstrates fundamental limits of sensor networks for detection
problems where the number of hypotheses is exponentially large. Such problems
characterize many important applications including detection and classification
of targets in a geographical area using a network of sensors, and detecting
complex substances with a chemical sensor array. We refer to such applications
as largescale detection problems. Using the insight that these problems share
fundamental similarities with the problem of communicating over a noisy
channel, we define a quantity called the sensing capacity and lower bound it
for a number of sensor network models. The sensing capacity expression differs
significantly from the channel capacity due to the fact that a fixed sensor
configuration encodes all states of the environment. As a result, codewords are
dependent and non-identically distributed. The sensing capacity provides a
bound on the minimal number of sensors required to detect the state of an
environment to within a desired accuracy. The results differ significantly from
classical detection theory, and provide an ntriguing connection between sensor
networks and communications. In addition, we discuss the insight that sensing
capacity provides for the problem of sensor selection.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, November 200
Sensing Capacity for Markov Random Fields
This paper computes the sensing capacity of a sensor network, with sensors of
limited range, sensing a two-dimensional Markov random field, by modeling the
sensing operation as an encoder. Sensor observations are dependent across
sensors, and the sensor network output across different states of the
environment is neither identically nor independently distributed. Using a
random coding argument, based on the theory of types, we prove a lower bound on
the sensing capacity of the network, which characterizes the ability of the
sensor network to distinguish among environments with Markov structure, to
within a desired accuracy.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Symposium
on Information Theory, Adelaide, Australia, September 4-9, 200
Spontaneous Breaking of Gauge Groups to Discrete Symmetries
Many models of beyond Standard Model physics connect flavor symmetry with a
discrete group. Having this symmetry arise spontaneously from a gauge theory
maintains compatibility with quantum gravity and can be used to systematically
prevent anomalies. We minimize a number of Higgs potentials that break gauge
groups to discrete symmetries of interest, and examine their scalar mass
spectra.Comment: 45 page
[Review] The Marine Chronometer: It\u27s History & Development
This is a review of the book The Marine Chronometer: Its history and development, By Rupert T Gould, Edited by Susanna Hecht, Forward by Jonathan Betts, Antique Collectors’ Club, Old Martlesham, Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK, ISBN 978 1 85149 365 4 (Hardbound
Relations between subclinical narcissism, effortful control, and well-being in emerging adulthood
The present study evaluates relations between subclinical grandiose narcissism, facets of effortful control, and hedonic well-being in a sample of emerging adults. The goal of this study was threefold. First, to assess the relation between subclinical grandiose narcissism and hedonic well-being. Correlational analyses provided support for increased grandiose narcissistic tendencies being associated with increased hedonic well-being. Second, the study sought to examine the relation between effortful control and hedonic well-being. Regression analyses revealed a lack of support for this relationship; however, this could be due to lurking variables such as self-esteem. Last, the study aimed to explore whether there is an interaction between grandiose narcissistic tendencies and effortful control predicting hedonic well-being. Moderation analyses indicated no significant interaction. These results could again, be due to self-esteem, as previous literature has established self-esteem as a mediator between narcissism and well-being. Although not all of the hypotheses were supported, findings from this study nonetheless contribute to the development of the understanding of the intersection between subclinical grandiose narcissism, effortful control, and hedonic well-being and provide avenues for future research
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