Studies on the Processing Methods for Extraterrestrial Materials

The literature was surveyed for high temperature mass spectrometric research on single oxides, complex oxides, and minerals in an effort to develop a means of separating elements and compounds from lunar and other extraterrestrial materials. A data acquisition system for determining vaporization rates as a function of time and temperature and software for the IEEE-488 Apple-ORTEC interface are discussed. Experimental design information from a 1000 C furnace were used with heat transfer calculations to develop the basic design for a 1600 C furnace. A controller was built for the higher temperature furnace and drawings are being made for the furnace

Role of surface states in STM spectroscopy of (111) metal surfaces with Kondo adsorbates

A nearly-free-electron (NFE) model to describe STM spectroscopy of (111) metal surfaces with Kondo impurities is presented. Surface states are found to play an important role giving a larger contribution to the conductance in the case of Cu(111) and Au(111) than Ag(111) surfaces. This difference arises from the farther extension of the Ag(111) surface state into the substrate. The different line shapes observed when Co is adsorbed on different substrates can be explained from the position of the surface band onset relative to the Fermi energy. The lateral dependence of the line shape amplitude is found to be bulk-like for R|| < 4 Amstrongs and surface-like at larger distances, in agreement with experimental data.Comment: 4 pages, 3 eps figure

Bistatic sonar and a novel form of variable depth sonar

This thesis relates to the sonar system research undertaken for a Naval Requirement for proposals to improve the cost effectiveness of the defence of shipping against submarine attacks. Defence systems evolved as a function of the developing technology of the opposition which in this instance is the ability of a submarine to remain undetected below the sea surface while searching for, tracking and attacking its targets. An inherent problem for underwater detection with Escort Ships hull type sonars is its location on the air-sea interface with the need of a two-way propagation path to access the depth-range volume available to a submarine. As the power of an Escort's sonar is increased so is the size of ship, 5000 tons and more, to accommodate the optimum size of transducers required.Sonar system research at all times is a multi-discipline task and in this particular case was further broadened with a requirement to review the possibilities for sources of energy other than underwater acoustics. The research confirms the dominance of sonar for underwater detection and establishes the feasibility of a Bistatic Sonar concept which replaces the two-way propagation path of a hull type sonar with a one-way path, source-target-receiver with a variable depth directive towed line receiver on a small ship as a distant receiver. A second objective which became feasible with the development of an adequate towed source was a variable depth sonar which has now been produced by British Aerospace for a world market. A summary of the thesis is provided as an introduction to the subject matter of the different sections

Critical Educational Policy Analysis: a Discussion of Perspectives

Education policy is the medium through which society and educational institutions interact. Currently major policy thrusts of devolution and participation are being promoted within the educational community. It becomes essential that these poliCces be analysed and evaluated by educators. This paper supports the role of radical humanist perspective in the development of a critical model of educational policy analysis, and stresses the necessity for teacher educators to expose student teachers to critical and radical perspectives

Nielsen on the Boulevard: Modernism and the Harlequinesque in 'Cupid and the Poet'

Carl Nielsen’s music for Sophus Michaelis’ festival play Cupid and the Poet , written in 1930 for the 125th anniversary of H C Andersen’s birth, is one of his most immediately engaging but neglected late scores. The story of an old poet whose heart is pierced by Cupid, disguised as a bedraggled young boy, suggests an obviously autobiographical interpretation, which locates Carl Nielsen once more in the familiar surroundings of his native land. But the overture, which has gained some mileage as an independent concert piece, is startlingly cosmopolitan, and invites a number of more searching analytical interpretations, especially in the light of other pieces such as the Sixth Symphony and the two Wind Concertos. In this paper, I will offer a close reading of the overture, drawing particular attention to the (ambivalent) presence of Carl Nielsen’s European modernist contemporaries Arnold Schoenberg and Igor Stravinsky among the work’s richly complex array of musical characters

Analytic and Aesthetic Issues in Carl Nielsen’s Concerto for Clarinet and Orchestra

Nielsen’s Clarinet Concerto is his last large-scale orchestral work, yet it has received considerably less analytical attention than his symphonies. This is partly because of the problematic generic status of the twentieth-century concerto, but also because of the work’s unusually complex musical language. In this paper, I outline an analytical technology for the work that builds on the notion of dialogue inherent within the concerto form. Nielsen’s concerto raises dialogue to the highest level of structure, and offers one of his most compelling and original musical narratives

Nielsen's Symphonic Waves. Energetics, the Sinfonia Espansiva, and German Music Theory

The first published analysis of Carl Nielsen’s music appeared only in the final year of the composer’s life. Povl Hamburger’s article, ‘Formproblemet i vor tids musik med analyse af Carl Nielsen’s Sinfonia Espansiva (1 Sats)’ ( Dansk Musiktidsskrift 5/6 (May 1931)), was greeted sceptically by Nielsen himself. Nevertheless, Hamburger’s analysis suggests some interesting parallels with trends in contemporary German music theory, particularly the work of Hans Mersmann. Re-reading the Sinfonia Espansiva in the light of such work offers insights into Nielsen’s approach to symphonic structure, particularly his employment of energetic wave forms, and problematises his approach to the genre. Such wave forms, I argue, are fundamental to Nielsen’s understanding of symphonic design, and can be fruitfully applied to earlier works, such as the first movement of the Second Symphony, as well as informing the tone and design of later symphonies such as the Fourth (‘The inextinguishable’). Nielsen’s idea of the symphony is underpinned by a powerfully organicist view of musical motion, one which is in tune with many of the vitalist currents in northern European culture at the start of the century. But in the Third Symphony, Nielsen also strikes a more complex, modernist note. Through comparison with the symphonic music of his contemporaries, notably Gustav Mahler and Edward Elgar, Nielsen emerges characteristically as a critical, but ultimately affirmative voice in early twentieth-century music

Surficial geology map, Alton Quadrangle (Illinois portion), Madison County, Illinois

Computer generated mapRelief shown by contoursIncludes 2 ancillary maps, 2 cross-sections, col. ill., text, disclaimer, index to adjoining 7.5-minute quadrangles, and location mapIncludes bibliographical reference