Hugo Hanisch Espíndola (1915-1992)

The journal Revista Chilena de Historia del Derecho have turned 50 years since its 1first publication, making it the oldest of its kind in Latin America. In such occasion, it is mandatory to present, even roughly, the life and work of one its most prolific members in Roman Law matters, Hugo Hanisch Espíndola, both as a teacher and author, whose career was crowned with the publication of Andrés Bello and his work on Roman Law.Al cumplir la Revista Chilena de Historia del Derecho 50 años desde su primera publicación, convirtiéndola así en la más antigua de su clase en Hispanoamérica, resulta de todo interés presentar, siquiera a grandes rasgos, la vida y obra de uno sus miembros más prolíficos en materia de Derecho Romano, Hugo Hanisch Espíndola, como autor y como docente, y cuya carrera se coronó con la publicación de Andrés Bello y su obra en Derecho Romano

Measurement of consensus with a reference

In this work we contribute to the formal analysis of the measurement of consensus in a society. Instead of approaching the topic from an absolute perspective we are concerned with a practical application: the proposal of a decision mechanism with respect to which consensus is measured. Surprisingly this produces a powerful unifying model, a restriction of which is deeply analysed. We also study the axiomatic properties of particular expressions for consensus with various salient social rules as a reference.Consensus; coherence; measurement; Borda rule; Copeland rule

Luminescence tuning of MOFs via ligand to metal and metal to metal energy transfer by co-doping of 2∞[Gd2Cl6(bipy)3]*2bipy with europium and terbium

The series of anhydrous lanthanide chlorides LnCl3, Ln=Pr–Tb, and 4,4'-bipyridine (bipy) constitute isotypic MOFs of the formula 2∞[Ln2Cl6(bipy)3]*2bipy. The europium and terbium containing compounds both exhibit luminescence of the referring trivalent lanthanide ions, giving a red luminescence for Eu3+ and a green luminescence for Tb3+ triggered by an efficient antenna effect of the 4,4'-bipyridine linkers. Mixing of different lanthanides in one MOF structure was undertaken to investigate the potential of this MOF system for colour tuning of the luminescence. Based on the gadolinium containing compound, co-doping with different amounts of europium and terbium proves successful and yields solid solutions of the formula 2∞[Gd2-x-yEuxTbyCl6(bipy)3]*2bipy (1–8), 0≤x, y≤0.5. The series of MOFs exhibits the opportunity of tuning the emission colour in-between green and red. Depending on the atomic ratio Gd:Eu:Tb, the yellow region was covered for the first time for an oxygen/carboxylate-free MOF system. In addition to a ligand to metal energy transfer (LMET) from the lowest ligand-centered triplet state of 4,4'-bipyridine, a metal to metal energy transfer (MMET) between 4f-levels from Tb3+ to Eu3+ is as well vital for the emission colour. However, no involvement of Gd3+ in energy transfers is observed rendering it a suitable host lattice ion and connectivity centre for diluting the other two rare earth ions in the solid state. The materials retain their luminescence during activation of the MOFs for microporosity

Maedi Visna virus infection and TMEM154 genotypes in Valle del Belìce sheep breed

Maedi Visna (MV) is a viral infection in sheep caused by Lentivirus and characterised by a long incubation period, slow progression, weight loss and eventually death. TMEM154 was reported in the ovine as major candidate gene associated with host susceptibility/resistance. The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of MV infection within Sicilian herds of Valle del Belìce breed using an ELISA serological test and to estimate the frequencies of the resistant/susceptible genotypes to the TMEM154 gene. Finally, we investigated the association between TMEM154 E/K genotype and MV infectious status. A total of 1,083 animals from different flocks were tested. The ELISA method showed 15.33% (n = 166) of infected individuals. Analyses of the sequences showed the presence of both K and E alleles with frequencies of 0.151 and 0.849, respectively. On the total individuals, only 23 carried KK genotype while 280 were heterozigous EK, and 780 homozygous EE. The locus was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the breed (p-value <0.05) and observed and expected heterozygosity values were 0.258 and 0.256, respectively. Moreover, a significant association (p-value < 0.001) between TMEM154 genotypes and seroprevalence status (positive vs. negative) was found. This study allowed us to know the prevalence of MV infection in Sicilian flocks of Valle del Belìce breed and could be helpful in establishing selection programs aimed at controlling and eradicating this virus

Growth and drought resistence of leucaena in "cerrado" soil

Plantas envasadas de Leucaena leucocephala Lam. (De Witt) foram cultivadas em casa de vegetação sob 30% de sombreamento artificial, em solo de cerrado, com adição de 0, 750, 1.500 e 3.000 kg ha-1 de NPK (4-14-8). Aos 180 dias após a emergência (DAE), as plantas crescidas em solo sem adubo químico apresentaram os menores valores de taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR = 0,028 g g-1 dia-1), biomassa total (5,2 g), taxa assimilatória líquida (TAL= 4,2.10-4 g cm-2 dia-1), e não produziram nem flores nem vagens. Entre as plantas cultivadas em solo fertilizado, as que receberam maiores quantidades de adubo químico apresentaram maiores valores de biomassa total e área foliar, a partir de 90 DAE. Porém, os maiores valores de TCR (43,92.10-4 g g-1 dia-1) e TAL (15,01 g cm-2 dia-1) foram obtidos nas plantas crescidas em solo com 750 kg ha-1 de NPK. A presença de flores e vagens nas plantas que receberam 1.500 e 3.000 kg ha-1 de NPK ocorreu a partir dos 120 DAE, e aos 150 DAE se iniciou o processo de abscisão foliar nos vegetais crescidos em todos os tratamentos, com conseqüente redução da área foliar, TAL e TCR. Na presença de estresse hídrico simulado, as plantas com 90 DAE mostraram-se mais resistentes que as de 30 dias. Porém, nos dois casos, as plantas mais tolerantes à dessecação foram as crescidas em solo com maiores teores de NPK, e um ajuste osmótico auxiliou as plantas a sobreviverem durante o período da seca.Leucaena leucocephala Lam. (De Witt) plants were cultivated in a growth chamber, with 30% of artificial shading and in "cerrado" soil fertilized or not with addition of 0, 750, 1,500 and 3,000 kg ha-1 NPK, in Brazil.. At 180 days after emergence, plants grown in soil without fertilization presented the lowest values of relative growth rate (TCR= 0.028 g g-1 day-1), total biomass (5.2 g), net assimilation rate (TAL = 4.2.10-4 g cm-2 day-1) and did not produce neither flowers or fruit. Among plants grown in fertilized soil, the highest values of TCR (43.92.10-4 g g-1 dia-1) and TAL (15.01 g cm-2 day-1) occurred in leucaenas fertilized with 750 kg ha-1 NPK. Plants fertilized with 1,500 and 3,000 kg ha-1 produced flowers and fruit since 120 days after emergence. Leaf senescence process began at 150 days after emergence, reducing the leaf area, TAL and TCR. Resistence to water stress was greater in 90 day-old plants than in 30 day-old ones. In both cases, the most desiccation resistant plants were those grown in soil with higher NPK rates. An osmotic adjustment aided the plants to survive during the drought period

Cutaneous manifestations of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a report of six cases with clinicopathologic features and viral RNA in situ hybridization

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163863/1/jdv16741.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163863/2/jdv16741_am.pd