Chemical Production of Kopi Luwak

The Civet Cat of family Vivverridae is used to produce a rare coffee product called Kopi Luwak. As a result of Kopi Luwak’s increasing popularity, Civet Cat abuse is prevalent. Our research aims to recreate Kopi Luwak by artificially replicating the conditions of the Civet Cats digestive system. Proteolytic enzymes, acid treatment, and varying incubation conditions will be used to simulate the process

Survey of Natural Language Processing for Education: Taxonomy, Systematic Review, and Future Trends

Natural Language Processing (NLP) aims to analyze text or speech via techniques in the computer science field. It serves the applications in domains of healthcare, commerce, education and so on. Particularly, NLP has been widely applied to the education domain and its applications have enormous potential to help teaching and learning. In this survey, we review recent advances in NLP with the focus on solving problems relevant to the education domain. In detail, we begin with introducing the related background and the real-world scenarios in education where NLP techniques could contribute. Then, we present a taxonomy of NLP in the education domain and highlight typical NLP applications including question answering, question construction, automated assessment, and error correction. Next, we illustrate the task definition, challenges, and corresponding cutting-edge techniques based on the above taxonomy. In particular, LLM-involved methods are included for discussion due to the wide usage of LLMs in diverse NLP applications. After that, we showcase some off-the-shelf demonstrations in this domain. At last, we conclude with six promising directions for future research, including more datasets in education domain, controllable usage of LLMs, intervention of difficulty-level control, interpretable educational NLP, methods with adaptive learning, and integrated systems for education. We organize all relevant datasets and papers in the open-available Github Link for better review~\url{https://github.com/LiXinyuan1015/NLP-for-Education}

Fashion E-Commerce in the 3D Digital Era: A 3D Interactive Web User Interface for On- line Products

Fashion brands have always been avant-garde in embracing new technologies and new formats of retail business models. The rapid development in 3D digital technologies, including 3D scanning, 3D modelling and 3D web rendering, have brought many new opportunities to the fashion industry, especially in shaping the future fashion e-commerce. The traditional 2D user interface and 2D media content have limited ability of displaying every detail of a product in full 360 degree, and the color accuracy of products in pictures is also a common problem. This thesis focuses on how to use 3D technologies to enhance the brand identity and to reduce return rate, by designing and implementing a web 3D user interface for fashion e-commerce. An interactive 3D product user interface were designed and used for test. The results presented the pros and cons of the designed 3D user interface, and evaluated to what extent can this approach help to solve the brand identity problem and the high return rate issue for fashion e-commerce. It turns out that indeed the 3D user interface is rich in detail storytelling and the product accuracy can be improved by using the Physically Based Rendering technology and dynamic virtual lighting environments. However, the results also indicate that there are still lots of technical constraints for developing the virtual showrooms and the 3D user interface

Fashion E-Commerce i 3D Digital Eramode : Ett 3D-interaktivt webbgränssnitt för online-produkter

Fashion brands have always been avant-garde in embracing new technologies and new formats of retail business models. The rapid development in 3D digital technologies, including 3D scanning, 3D modelling and 3D web rendering, have brought many new opportunities to the fashion industry, especially in shaping the future fashion e-commerce. The traditional 2D user interface and 2D media content have limited ability of displaying every detail of a product in full 360 degree, and the color accuracy of products in pictures is also a common problem. This thesis focuses on how to use 3D technologies to enhance the brand identity and  to reduce return rate, by designing and implementing a web 3D user interface for fashion e-commerce. An interactive 3D product user interface were designed and used for test. The results presented the pros and cons of the designed 3D user interface, and evaluated to what extent can this approach help to solve the brand identity problem and the high return rate issue for fashion e-commerce. It turns out that indeed the 3D user interface is rich in detail storytelling and the product accuracy can be improved by using the Physically Based Rendering technology and dynamic virtual lighting environments. However, the results also indicate that there are still lots of technical constraints for developing the virtual showrooms and the 3D user interface.Fashion varumärken har alltid varit avantgarde i att omfamna ny teknik och nya format av detaljhandel affärsmodeller. Den snabba utvecklingen inom 3D-digitalteknik, inklusive 3D-skanning, 3D-modellering och 3D-webbearbetning, har medfört många nya möjligheter till modebranschen, särskilt när det gäller att forma framtida fashion e-handel. Det traditionella 2D-användargränssnittet och 2D-medieinnehållet har begränsad förmåga att visa alla detaljer i en produkt i full 360 grader, och färgnoggrannheten hos produkter i bilder är också ett vanligt problem. Denna avhandling fokuserar på hur man använder 3D-teknik för att förbättra varumärkets identitet och minska avkastningsgraden genom att utforma och implementera ett webb 3D-användargränssnitt för mode-e-handel. Ett interaktivt 3D-produkt användargränssnitt designades och användes för test. Resultaten presenterade fördelar och nackdelar med det utformade 3D-användargränssnittet och utvärderades i vilken utsträckning kan detta tillvägagångssätt hjälpa till att lösa varumärkesidentitetsproblemet och problemet med hög avkastning för fashion e-handel. Det visar sig att 3D-användargränssnittet är rikt på detaljerad berättande och produktnoggrannheten kan förbättras med hjälp av fysisk baserad renderingsteknik och dynamiska virtuella ljusmiljöer. Resultaten visar emellertid också att det fortfarande finns många tekniska begränsningar för att utveckla virtuella showroom och 3D-användargränssnittet

Medical Note and Image Processing with Physical Models and Deep Learning Techniques

We aim to perform medical note comprehension and medical image processing, with an ultimate goal of cross-domain aggregation into a cooperative disease management system. The dissertation focuses on the initial technical development of each domain utilizing both physical modeling and deep learning methods. Medical notes and images taken from patients during their clinical visits are essential for patient care management. In this thesis, natural language processing techniques are developed for patient private information removal from medical reports, and image processing techniques are developed for semantic segmentation on different imaging modalities to achieve higher accuracy and enhanced structural integrity of the segmentation. Moreover, we demonstrate the importance of the manual labels used as the ground truth for supervised learning and assessment in the biomedical applications, and further propose a refinement scheme to improve label quality. Future directions would be integrating the complementary text and image information into a single robust system

Fashion E-Commerce i 3D Digital Eramode : Ett 3D-interaktivt webbgränssnitt för online-produkter

Fashion brands have always been avant-garde in embracing new technologies and new formats of retail business models. The rapid development in 3D digital technologies, including 3D scanning, 3D modelling and 3D web rendering, have brought many new opportunities to the fashion industry, especially in shaping the future fashion e-commerce. The traditional 2D user interface and 2D media content have limited ability of displaying every detail of a product in full 360 degree, and the color accuracy of products in pictures is also a common problem. This thesis focuses on how to use 3D technologies to enhance the brand identity and  to reduce return rate, by designing and implementing a web 3D user interface for fashion e-commerce. An interactive 3D product user interface were designed and used for test. The results presented the pros and cons of the designed 3D user interface, and evaluated to what extent can this approach help to solve the brand identity problem and the high return rate issue for fashion e-commerce. It turns out that indeed the 3D user interface is rich in detail storytelling and the product accuracy can be improved by using the Physically Based Rendering technology and dynamic virtual lighting environments. However, the results also indicate that there are still lots of technical constraints for developing the virtual showrooms and the 3D user interface.Fashion varumärken har alltid varit avantgarde i att omfamna ny teknik och nya format av detaljhandel affärsmodeller. Den snabba utvecklingen inom 3D-digitalteknik, inklusive 3D-skanning, 3D-modellering och 3D-webbearbetning, har medfört många nya möjligheter till modebranschen, särskilt när det gäller att forma framtida fashion e-handel. Det traditionella 2D-användargränssnittet och 2D-medieinnehållet har begränsad förmåga att visa alla detaljer i en produkt i full 360 grader, och färgnoggrannheten hos produkter i bilder är också ett vanligt problem. Denna avhandling fokuserar på hur man använder 3D-teknik för att förbättra varumärkets identitet och minska avkastningsgraden genom att utforma och implementera ett webb 3D-användargränssnitt för mode-e-handel. Ett interaktivt 3D-produkt användargränssnitt designades och användes för test. Resultaten presenterade fördelar och nackdelar med det utformade 3D-användargränssnittet och utvärderades i vilken utsträckning kan detta tillvägagångssätt hjälpa till att lösa varumärkesidentitetsproblemet och problemet med hög avkastning för fashion e-handel. Det visar sig att 3D-användargränssnittet är rikt på detaljerad berättande och produktnoggrannheten kan förbättras med hjälp av fysisk baserad renderingsteknik och dynamiska virtuella ljusmiljöer. Resultaten visar emellertid också att det fortfarande finns många tekniska begränsningar för att utveckla virtuella showroom och 3D-användargränssnittet

Fashion E-Commerce i 3D Digital Eramode : Ett 3D-interaktivt webbgränssnitt för online-produkter

Fashion brands have always been avant-garde in embracing new technologies and new formats of retail business models. The rapid development in 3D digital technologies, including 3D scanning, 3D modelling and 3D web rendering, have brought many new opportunities to the fashion industry, especially in shaping the future fashion e-commerce. The traditional 2D user interface and 2D media content have limited ability of displaying every detail of a product in full 360 degree, and the color accuracy of products in pictures is also a common problem. This thesis focuses on how to use 3D technologies to enhance the brand identity and  to reduce return rate, by designing and implementing a web 3D user interface for fashion e-commerce. An interactive 3D product user interface were designed and used for test. The results presented the pros and cons of the designed 3D user interface, and evaluated to what extent can this approach help to solve the brand identity problem and the high return rate issue for fashion e-commerce. It turns out that indeed the 3D user interface is rich in detail storytelling and the product accuracy can be improved by using the Physically Based Rendering technology and dynamic virtual lighting environments. However, the results also indicate that there are still lots of technical constraints for developing the virtual showrooms and the 3D user interface.Fashion varumärken har alltid varit avantgarde i att omfamna ny teknik och nya format av detaljhandel affärsmodeller. Den snabba utvecklingen inom 3D-digitalteknik, inklusive 3D-skanning, 3D-modellering och 3D-webbearbetning, har medfört många nya möjligheter till modebranschen, särskilt när det gäller att forma framtida fashion e-handel. Det traditionella 2D-användargränssnittet och 2D-medieinnehållet har begränsad förmåga att visa alla detaljer i en produkt i full 360 grader, och färgnoggrannheten hos produkter i bilder är också ett vanligt problem. Denna avhandling fokuserar på hur man använder 3D-teknik för att förbättra varumärkets identitet och minska avkastningsgraden genom att utforma och implementera ett webb 3D-användargränssnitt för mode-e-handel. Ett interaktivt 3D-produkt användargränssnitt designades och användes för test. Resultaten presenterade fördelar och nackdelar med det utformade 3D-användargränssnittet och utvärderades i vilken utsträckning kan detta tillvägagångssätt hjälpa till att lösa varumärkesidentitetsproblemet och problemet med hög avkastning för fashion e-handel. Det visar sig att 3D-användargränssnittet är rikt på detaljerad berättande och produktnoggrannheten kan förbättras med hjälp av fysisk baserad renderingsteknik och dynamiska virtuella ljusmiljöer. Resultaten visar emellertid också att det fortfarande finns många tekniska begränsningar för att utveckla virtuella showroom och 3D-användargränssnittet

Adding Zero-Valent Iron to Enhance Electricity Generation during MFC Start-Up

The low power generation efficiency of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is always a barrier to further development. An attempt to enhance the start-up and electricity generation of MFCs was investigated by adding different doses of zero-valent iron into anaerobic anode chambers in this study. The results showed that the voltage (289.6 mV) of A2 with 0.5 g of zero-valent iron added was higher than the reference reactor (197.1 mV) without dosing zero-valent iron (A4). The maximum power density of 27.3 mW/m2 was obtained in A2. CV analysis demonstrated that A2 possessed a higher oxidation–reduction potential, hence showing a stronger oxidizing property. Meanwhile, electrochemical impedance analysis (EIS) also manifested that values of RCT of carbon felts with zero-valent iron supplemented (0.01–0.03 Ω) were generally lower. What is more, SEM images further proved and illustrated that A2 had compact and dense meshes with a hierarchical structure rather than a relatively looser biofilm in the other reactors. High-throughput sequencing analysis also indicated that zero-valent iron increased the abundance of some functional microbial communities, such as Acinetobacter, Ignavibacteriales, Shewanella, etc