A new fragment of the Altun Yaruk in old Uigur from Tuyuk

The fragment we are publishing here is preserved in the Academia Turfanica. It belongs to the second chapter of the first volume of the Altun Yaruk Sudur in old Uigur. There are some words that are apparently different from the other version(s) of the text

Two Old Uigur fragments from Dunhuang connected with the Pure Land belief

In this paper the authors edit two Old Uigur fragments that have recently become accessible from Dunhuang. The first is part of a poem on the famous story of King Bimbasāra and his wife Vaidehī that was popular in Pure Land Buddhism. The second is a kind of a commentary that uses Chinese phrases in original Chinese script

An Old Uigur Version of the Kasibhāradvāja sutta Extended by a Poem

In this paper, we introduce some new fragments preserved at the Dunhuang Academy. These are five detached pieces of a Chinese scroll of the Prajñāpāramitāsūtra (Da banruo boluomiduo jing 大般若波羅蜜多經). The first text on the verso side is a conversation between a brahman and the Buddha. It is similar to the Kasibhāradvāja sutta which is a talk between a brahman working as a ploughman and the Buddha who comes to him to beg for food. One gets the impression that the Old Uigur text is essentially based on the Pāli text. After a long gap, the second text presents quatrains following the metrical structure of Buddhist verses, as they were widespread among the Old Uigurs. We edit the texts with transliteration and transcription, as well as offer an English translation accompanied by comments

Further fragments of the Commentary on the Yuanjue jing in Old Uigur from Dunhuang

In this paper the authors edit two Old Uigur fragments that recently became accessible from Dunhuang. Both are parts of the unknown commentary on the Yuanjue jing of which already some other remnants were edited

Radiation damage buildup by athermal defect reactions in nickel and concentrated nickel alloys

Peer reviewe

End-to-end model-based trajectory prediction for ro-ro ship route using dual-attention mechanism

With the rapid increase of economic globalization, the significant expansion of shipping volume has resulted in shipping route congestion, causing the necessity of trajectory prediction for effective service and efficient management. While trajectory prediction can achieve a relatively high level of accuracy, the performance and generalization of prediction models remain critical bottlenecks. Therefore, this article proposes a dual-attention (DA) based end-to-end (E2E) neural network (DAE2ENet) for trajectory prediction. In the E2E structure, long short-term memory (LSTM) units are included for the task of pursuing sequential trajectory data from the encoder layer to the decoder layer. In DA mechanisms, global attention is introduced between the encoder and decoder layers to facilitate interactions between input and output trajectory sequences, and multi-head self-attention is utilized to extract sequential features from the input trajectory. In experiments, we use a ro-ro ship with a fixed navigation route as a case study. Compared with baseline models and benchmark neural networks, DAE2ENet can obtain higher performance on trajectory prediction, and better validation of environmental factors on ship navigation

Over-expression of glutamine synthetase genes Gln1-3/Gln1-4 improved nitrogen assimilation and maize yields

In agriculture, certain fertilizers that contain nitrogen generally tend to provide the most macronutrients for plant growth and development. The cDNAs of Gln1-3 and Gln1-4 genes, encoding glutamine synthetase isoenzymes (GS1), were fused to the rice actin1 promoter and over-expressed in the inbred maize line DH9632 by Agrobacte¬rium-mediated genetic transformation. PCR assays demonstrated the integration of these genes in six transgenic lines. Transcription of Gln1-3 or Gln1-4 in the transformants was also confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and qRT-PCR; the transgenic lines had significantly higher expression compared with wild type. Transgenic lines L2 and L7 expressed the most Gln1-3 and Gln1-4 mRNA, respectively, and had the most enzyme activity in leaves below the ear after pollination for 14 days. Over-expression of these two genes led to increased chlorophyll con¬tent and improved photosynthesis after 14 days. In addition, yield-related traits such as ear length, ear diameter, ear weight, grain weight per ear, and hundred-kernel weight were improved in the transgenic lines. The plot yield of transgenic L2 was increased by approximately 20%. These results suggest that overexpression of Gln1-3 and Gln1-4 in maize improves yields and enhances nitrogen using efficiency. Thus, transgenic lines overexpressing Gln1-3 or Gln1-4 in maize could potentially be used in maize breeding

The Role of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Allergic Diseases

Allergic diseases are significant diseases that affect many patients worldwide. In the past few decades, the incidence of allergic diseases has increased significantly due to environmental changes and social development, which has posed a substantial public health burden and even led to premature death. The understanding of the mechanism underlying allergic diseases has been substantially advanced, and the occurrence of allergic diseases and changes in the immune system state are known to be correlated. With the identification and in-depth understanding of innate lymphoid cells, researchers have gradually revealed that type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play important roles in many allergic diseases. However, our current studies of ILC2s are limited, and their status in allergic diseases remains unclear. This article provides an overview of the common phenotypes and activation pathways of ILC2s in different allergic diseases as well as potential research directions to improve the understanding of their roles in different allergic diseases and ultimately find new treatments for these diseases