The methodological unit of scientific research in terms of conceptualisation of pedagogical knowledge

Aim. The contents and structure of the methodological unit ofscientific research on educational problems are defined. The present study is the continuation of methodological articles cycle appealed to support the work of newcomer researchers. Methods. The requirements to research justification are disclosed; logicstylistic and language features of the argument while designing the methodological unit are described from the standpoint of complete, panoramic and hermeneutic approaches. Results and scientific novelty. The characteristic of research hypotheses types and the functions realized by them is given. The scientific hypothesis is presented as the instrument of trans-level conceptualization of pedagogical knowledge. The author’s interpretation of a «through» stage-by-stage hypothesis-generating as process of a meaning-making and theoretical organization of research object is offered. Dual character of the hypothesis-generating is presented; it integrates logic-gnoseological and valuable-conceptual, rational and intuitively figurative principles. Typical mistakes in formation of the methodological research unit are analysed. The directions of a multiangle reflection implementation in the course of research activity are designated. Practical significance. The recommendations proposed in the study can by used by teachers-researchers, students, undergraduates, graduate students and doctoral candidates mastering practical methodology of scientific and pedagogical search; and also the materials are designed for research supervisors motivated to increase efficiency and tutorial activity contentЦель. В статье охарактеризованы содержание и структура методологического аппарата научного исследования по проблемам образования. Публикация является продолжением цикла методологических статей, призванных помочь работе начинающих исследователей. Методология. С позиций целостного, панорамного и герменевтического подходов раскрыты требования к обоснованию актуальности исследования, описаны логико-стилистические и языковые особенности аргументации при оформлении методологического аппарата. Результаты и научная новизна. Дана характеристика типов исследовательских гипотез и реализуемых ими функций. Научная гипотеза представлена как инструмент трансуровневой концептуализации педагогического знания. Предложена авторская трактовка «сквозного» поэтапного гипотезирования как процесса смыслообразования и теоретической организации предмета исследования. Продемонстрирован двойственный характер гипотезирования, объединяющего в себе логико-гносеологическое и ценностно-смысловое, рациональное и интуитивно-образное начала. Выделены типичные ошибки в формировании методологического аппарата исследования. Обозначены направления осуществления многоракурсной рефлексии в процессе научно-исследовательской деятельности. Практическая значимость. Изложенные в статье рекомендации предназначены педагогам-исследователям, студентам, магистрантам, аспирантам и докторантам, осваивающим практическую методологию научно-педагогического поиска, а также научным руководителям, стремящимся повысить эффективность и содержательность своей наставнической деятельност

Antiarrhythmic and Hemodynamic Effects of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Cardiovascular Diseases

This review presents the results of previously performed epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies indicating the use of ω-3 PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) contributes to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Experimental studies have shown ω-3 PUFA are exhibiting antiarrhythmic effects, improving endothelial function, showing an anti- inflammatory effect, affecting the rheological properties of blood, reducing triglyceride concentrations, and increasing the stability of atheromatous plaque. Wide-scale clinical trials have established high efficacy of ω-3 PUFA in primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. It is found to reduce the risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Also, reduces overall mortality and hospitalization rates due to cardiovascular causes in patients with chronic heart failure. Clinical efficacy among cardiovascular diseases of the prescription drugs ω-3 PUFA standardized by qualitative and quantitative compositions to be studied further in a comparison to the other medications with similar make-up

Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 and Myocardial Remodeling in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure of Ischemic Origin

Aim. To study the presence and nature of correlations between the level of Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and structural and functional parameters of the heart in the development of myocardial remodeling and fibrosis in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) of ischemic origin.Material and methods. The study included 120 men with class II-IV CHF who have history of myocardial infarction, which are divided into 3 groups depending on the CHF class. The control group included 25 healthy men. Assessment of left ventricular (LV) structural-functional state was carried out by echocardiography. Investigation of IGF-1 and N-terminal precursor indices of cerebral natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP) was performed by enzyme immunoassay.Results. Patients with class II CHF were hyperexpression of IGF-1, with class III CHF were registered low-normal level, with class IV CHF was established a deficiency of IGF-1. The most significant structural-geometric rearrangement of LV and significant deficit of IGF-1 recorded in patients with class IV CHF (95,6±7,02 ng/ml with class IV CHF versus 178,3±11,36 ng/ml and 124,3±9,14 ng/ml with class II and III CHF; р<0,05). In patients of class III-IV CHF, correlation relationships between IGF-1 level and echocardiographic parameters (LV myocardial mass index are established: r=-0,59, p=0,05; end systolic volume index: r=-0,55, p=0,05; value of LV ejection fraction: r=0,61, p=0,05). Significant negative correlation are established in patients with class III-IV CHF between IGF-1 level and NT-pro BNP levels (r=-0,51; р=0,05).Conclusion. The intensity of myocardial remodeling and fibrosis processes in patients with a progressive course of CHF is related to deficit of IGF-1 and is associated with a high level of activity of natriuretic peptides

Blood indices of broiler-chickens after supplementing their diet with solutions containing B-group and L-carnitine vitamins

The authors present the research results of the influence of aqueous solution of calcium pantothenate, nicotinamide, cyanocobalamin, folacin and L-carnitine influence on the dynamics of morphological and biochemical blood indices of broiler-chickens in the condition of industrial technology of chicken raisin

RESEARCH OF THE EFFECT OF AGING PROCESS ON DISPERSION OF AIR PHASE AND ICE CRYSTALS IN MILK ICE CREAM

In this research the results of analytical studies are presented, which prove the lack of data on influence of aging process on dispersion of structural elements in ice cream with fat mass fraction of 6% or less, and experimental studies on definition of dispersion of air phase and ice crystals in milk ice cream. It was found that the process of the mix aging doesn’t significantly affect the dispersion of air phase and ice crystals in ice cream with fat mass fraction of 3%. In ice cream with fat mass fraction of 6%, made from a mix, the dispersion of the air phase increased along with the aging process, and the size of almost all air bubbles were less than 50 microns. At the same time the dispersion of ice crystals increased by no more than 10%. The decrease in dispersion of the air phase during the storage period was observed, mostly in ice cream with a fat mass fraction of 6% produced of the cured mix. The research results have the practical importance as they justify the need for the aging process in the production of ice cream with a low mass fraction of fat and determine the necessity of further research in this area.In this research the results of analytical studies are presented, which prove the lack of data on influence of aging process on dispersion of structural elements in ice cream with fat mass fraction of 6% or less, and experimental studies on definition of dispersion of air phase and ice crystals in milk ice cream. It was found that the process of the mix aging doesn’t significantly affect the dispersion of air phase and ice crystals in ice cream with fat mass fraction of 3%. In ice cream with fat mass fraction of 6%, made from a mix, the dispersion of the air phase increased along with the aging process, and the size of almost all air bubbles were less than 50 microns. At the same time the dispersion of ice crystals increased by no more than 10%. The decrease in dispersion of the air phase during the storage period was observed, mostly in ice cream with a fat mass fraction of 6% produced of the cured mix. The research results have the practical importance as they justify the need for the aging process in the production of ice cream with a low mass fraction of fat and determine the necessity of further research in this area

Precedent as a source of law in modern Russia

Статья посвящена изучению прецедента, как источника права на современном этапе развития права в России. Рассматривается положение о том, что судебная практика играет роль в разрешении судебных спорах, а также предлагается возможность применения прецедентного права в России

Formation of Russian national identity of high school students: hermeneutical approach

The purpose of the article is the description of means and methods of formation of a Russian national identity (RNI), one of which is the organization of joint collective students’ activities on formation of skills of interpretation of a human behavior as a text event in the context of ethnic culture of a student in order to find common Russian collectivist values, their rethinking in terms of a search of the general national identity and the comprehension of the other on the basis of some cultural differences. Methods. The means of formation of a Russian national identity at the stage of self-identification of students with Russian values and norms of interaction is offered a hermeneutic approach which is based on the ideas of hermeneutics as the art of understanding of someone else’s identity, the inner world of a man and the «empathy» in another person in order to eliminate the semantic «barriers» in the communicative activity of learners. It is directed to the understanding of subjects of the educational process as the bearers of ethnic cultures through dialogue and finding the universal general national values. The methods of the techniques of a script, scenario requirements (a text as a source of a script for reflection and dialogue) and the role of expectations (presentation to a learner of algorithm of expected behavior from him in order to achieve mutual understanding in interaction) are used in the course of experimental investigations. Results. It is proved that the awareness of participants of the educational process in norms and values and their reinterpretation in the aspect of the search for a general national identity is able not just to make «expressible» some installations of the subject, but also can significantly affect his worldview, to make him more reliable and predictable partner of a social interaction. The basis of this outlook is the dialectics of thinking, the simultaneous vision of individual and social, ethnic and civil plans of consciousness and behavior. Scientific novelty. Ethnic behavior is characterized as a social and cultural phenomenon and a cultural text event. Valid, benevolent interpretation of ethnic behaviour, search of universals in its semantic filling helps to remove the semantic barriers, disturbing joint activity. Psycho-pedagogical mechanism of a meaning is disclosed. The hermeneutic approach is implemented as an imposition in an external plan and verbalization of characteristics of identity, norms and values, adopted by the participants of the educational process. Practical significance. A specially organized educational work via text mediation and collective joint activity contributes to the development of individual consciousness of students and provides: grasp a sense of community with the peoples of Russia; self-identification with Russian values and traditions; harmonization of ethnic and civil identity and behavior plans; development a sense of duty, responsibility, and active love for the countryЦель статьи – описание способов формирования российской национальной идентичности (РНИ), одним из которых является организация совместной коллективной деятельности учащихся по присвоению ими навыков интерпретации человеческого поведения в контексте собственной этнокультуры и общих российских ценностей. Показан процесс приобретения опыта постижения «Другого» исходя из некоторых культурных различий и переосмысления на этой основе общенациональной идентичности. Методика и методология. В качестве средства формирования РНИ на этапе самоидентификации учащихся с российскими ценностями и нормами взаимодействия предложен подход, основанный на идеях герменевтики как искусства постижения чужой индивидуальности, внутреннего мира человека и «вживания» в другого. Выстраивание диалога и нахождение универсальных общенациональных ценностей способствуют устранению смысловых «барьеров» при коммуникативных контактах и достижению взаимопонимания субъектов образовательного процесса – носителей разных этнокультур. В ходе экспериментального исследования использовались методы сценария, сценарных предписаний (текстов-источников сценария для рефлексии и диалога) и ролевых экспектаций (предъявления учащимся алгоритма ожидаемого от них поведения для достижения взаимопонимания во взаимодействии). Результаты. Доказано, что целенаправленный совместный поиск учащимися общенациональной идентичности способен не просто выявить личностные установки отдельного субъекта, но и существенно повлиять на его мировоззрение – сделать его более надежным и предсказуемым партнером социального сотрудничества. Основой такого благоприобретенного мировоззрения является диалектичность мышления – одновременное видение индивидуального и общественного, этнического и гражданского планов самосознания и поведения. Научная новизна. Этническое поведение охарактеризовано как социокультурный феномен и культурное текстовое событие. Уважительная, доброжелательная интерпретация этнического поведения, поиск в его смысловом наполнении универсалий помогает снять барьеры, мешающие совместной деятельности. Раскрыт психолого-педагогический механизм смыслообразования. Герменевтический подход реализовался как вынесение во внешний план и вербализация характеристик идентичности, норм и ценностей, принятых участниками образовательного процесса. Практическая значимость. Описанная в статье методика воспитательной работы, специально организованной через текстовое опосредование и коллективную совместную деятельность, формирует у учащихся ощущение общности с народами России; обеспечивает самоидентификацию с российскими ценностями и традициями; гармонизирует этническое и гражданское самосознание и поведение; развивает чувство долга и ответственностиРоссийский научный фон

Control of electrochemical dimensional processing on the basis of synergy of controllable factors

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The article considers the factors that influence the electrochemical dimensional processing, which have synergistic connections. It is revealed that the size of the interelectrode gap is of great importance for ensuring the quality of processing, and methods for adjusting the gap during processing are proposed

Social education of youth with mass media

This article reveals the influence of mass media; the concepts of education, the distinctive influence and different types, methods and mechanisms of mass media. The object of the study is the social education of young people. The subject is the synthesis of social educator’s work with the youth using the mass media. The aim of the work is to analyze the social educator’s work. Methods: theoretical analysis of literature, work’s synthesis of the specialist