Adsorption characteristic of U(VI) ion onto thermally activated bentonite

In this study, the effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial metal concentration on U(VI) adsorption on thermally activated bentonite (TAB) was investigated. Graphical correlation of various adsorption isotherm models like, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich have been carried out for TAB. Various thermodynamic parameters, such as, Gibb's free energy, entropy and enthalpy of the on-going adsorption process have been calculated. In order to reveal the adsorptive characteristic of bentonite samples, surface area, FT-IR, and DTA-TG spectra analyses were carried out. The results show that TAB samples can be an alternative low cost adsorbent for removing U(VI) ions from aqueous solutions. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

bentonite

In this study, the effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial metal concentration on U(VI) adsorption on thermally activated bentonite (TAB) was investigated. Graphical correlation of various adsorption isotherm models like, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich have been carried out for TAB. Various thermodynamic parameters, such as, Gibb's free energy, entropy and enthalpy of the on-going adsorption process have been calculated. In order to reveal the adsorptive characteristic of bentonite samples, surface area, FT-IR, and DTA-TG spectra analyses were carried out. The results show that TAB samples can be an alternative low cost adsorbent for removing U(VI) ions from aqueous solutions. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Sugammadex for Digoxin Intoxication: An Experimental Study.

Previous studies have shown that cyclodextrin group medicines bind to various drugs. The hypothesis of our study is to determine whether sugammadex could bind to digoxin and delay the cardiovascular toxicity of that drug. Twenty-eight sedated Wistar rats were infused with digoxin at 3mg/h (0.25mg/ml). Five minutes after the start of infusion, animals were treated with a bolus of either 16mg/kg (Sgdx16), 100mg/kg (Sgdx100), or 1000mg/kg (Sgdx1000) sugammadex. The control group infusion did not contain sugammadex. Heart rate, electrocardiography, and respiratory rate were monitored. The primary endpoint was time to asystole. Digoxin infusion continued until the animals arrested. The time to asystole for the Sgdx1000 group was significantly longer compared to that for the control group (p<0.05). The mean lethal dose of digoxin was 5.35 +/- 2.06mg/kg in the saline-treated rats. On the other hand, the mean lethal dose of digoxin was 8.54 +/- 1.51mg/kg in the sugammadex 1000 group (p<0.05). The mean lethal dose of digoxin was significantly higher than control group (p<0.05). We found that the 1000mg/kg dose of sugammadex delayed digoxin cardiotoxicity in a rat model of digoxin toxicity. We conclude that further research must be conducted on the interaction between digoxin and sugammadex

Effect of ghrelin on inflammatory response in lung contusion

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ghrelin on inflammatory response and tissue damage following trauma-induced acute lung injury. Thirty male wistar albino rats (300-400 g) were randomly assigned into three groups: control group (n = 6), lung contusion plus saline (saline-treated, n = 12), and lung contusion plus ghrelin (ghrelin-treated, n = 12). Saline- or ghrelin-treated traumatic rats were sacrificed at two time points (24 and 72 hours) after lung contusion. Blood was collected for the analysis of serum adenosine deaminase (ADA). Tissue transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-ß1) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and histopathological examination was performed on the lung tissue samples. Our results indicated that ghrelin significantly reduced morphologic damages. Serum ADA activities were significantly decreased after lung contusion and this decline started early with ghrelin treatment. TGF-ß1 and MMP-2 levels in lung tissue were elevated at 72 hours after lung contusion and treatment with ghrelin significantly increased TGF-ß1 level and reduced MMP-2 level. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that acute lung injury initiated proinflammatory responses and ghrelin administration showed an anti-inflammatory effect in lung contusion. Copyright © 2012, Kaohsiung Medical University. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved

Protective effect of dexmedetomidine in a rat model of ?- naphthylthiourea-induced acute lung injury

Background: We assessed the effects of dexmedetomidine in a rat model of ?-naphthylthiourea (ANTU)-induced acute lung injury. Methods: Forty Wistar Albino male rats weighing 200-240 g were divided into 5 groups (n = 8 each), including a control group. Thus, there were one ANTU group and three dexmedetomidine groups (10-, 50-, and 100-µg/kg treatment groups), plus a control group. The control group provided the normal base values. The rats in the ANTU group were given 10 mg/kg of ANTU intraperitoneally and the three treatment groups received 10, 50, or 100 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine intraperitoneally 30 min before ANTU application. The rat body weight (BW), pleural effusion (PE), and lung weight (LW) of each group were measured 4 h after ANTU administration. The histopathologic changes were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Results: The mean PE, LW, LW/BW, and PE/BW measurements in the ANTU group were significantly greater than in the control groups and all dexmedetomidine treatment groups (P < 0.05). There were also significant decreases in the mean PE, LW, LW/BW and PE/BW values in the dexmedetomidine 50-µg/kg group compared with those in the ANTU group (P < 0.01). The inflammation, hemorrhage, and edema scores in the ANTU group were significantly greater than those in the control or dexmedetomidine 50-µg/kg group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine treatment has demonstrated a potential benefit by preventing ANTU-induced acute lung injury in an experimental rat model. Dexmedetomidine could have a potential protective effect on acute lung injury in intensive care patients. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.The authors would like to thank Dr. E. Schilliger from Schering AG, Berlin, Germany, for his gift of ?-naphthylthiourea (Interchem). We thank Hasan Tahsin Yilmaz and Bayram Cakan for their assistance in the Animal Research Laboratory. This study was supported by intramural funding from the Zonguldak Karaelmas University’s Office of Research and Sponsored Programs

Comparison of the effects of bupivacaine, lidocaine, and tramadol infiltration on wound healing in rats

Background and objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of saline solution, bupivacaine, lidocaine and tramadol infiltration on wound healing in rats. Method: Thirty-two male Wistar Albino rats were randomly separated into four groups, receiving 3. mL saline solution in control group (Group C, n = 8), 3. mL of 2% lidocaine in lidocaine group (Group L, n = 8), 3. mL of 0.5% bupivacaine in bupivacaine group (Group B, n = 8), and 3. mL of 5% tramadol in tramadol group (Group T, n = 8). Breaking-strength measurements, collagen bundle counting, and histopathologic evaluation were evaluated in the tissue samples taken from the rats. Results: Comparing the control group with the groups where bupivacaine and lidocaine were used for wound infiltration, collagen production was lower, breaking-strength measurements showed reduced resistance while significantly high edema, vascularity, inflammation scores were found (p 0.0125). Conclusion: In our study, we found bupivacaine and lidocaine reduced the collagen production, wound breaking strength, and caused significantly high scores for edema, vascularity, and inflammation when compared to the control group. There was no significant difference between the control and the tramadol group. Results of this experimental preliminary study on rats support the idea that tramadol can be used for wound infiltration anesthesia without adverse effect on the surgical healing process. These results need to be verified in humans. © 2012 Elsevier Editora Ltda

The effects of intrathecal levobupivacaine and opioid combinations in caesarean operations [Sezaryen operasyonlarinda intratekal levobupivakaine eklenen fentanil ve morfin kombinasyonlarinin etkilerinin karşilatirmasi]

Aim: We aimed to investigate the effects of levobupivacaine, fentanyl and morphine's different intrathecal combinations on parturients planned to have elective caesarean operation with spinal anesthesia. We have also investigated the effects of these combinations on newborns. Material and Methods: One hundred and twenty parturients of ASA physical status I-II planned to have Caesarean operation enrolled in the study. Parturients randomized into four groups and Group L received 12 mg 0.5% levobupivacaine, Group LF received 10 mg 0.5% + 12.5 pg fentanyl, Group LM received 11 mg 0.5% levobupivacaine + 100 pg morphine and Group LFM received 11 mg 0.5 % levobupivacaine + 5 µg fentanyl + 50 µg morphine intrathecally. Results: Haemodynamies were affected much more in groups which included fentanyl and sensorial block level raised up faster (p<0.05). In groups where morphine was added sensorial block level increased slowly, time to start surgery get longer and in addition sensorial and motor block ceased later (p<0.05). Postoperative analgesia quality was better in morphine added groups (p<0.05). Levobupivacaine use by itself increased intraoperative nausea incidence whereas morphine addition increased postoperative itching (p<0.05). We did not observe any side effects in infants of four groups. Conclusions: We conclude that combination composed by fentanyl and morphine addition to levobupivacaine rises sensorial block time faster, improves analgesia quality, can be a good alternative for caesarean operations that will be performed under spinal anesthesia with close monitorization and provided by preoperative sufficient hydration

Comparison of propofol-dexmedetomidine, tiopental-dexmedetomidine and etomidate-dexmedetomidine combinations' effects on the tracheal intubation conditions without using muscle relaxants

Background: In our study, we aimed to compare the endotracheal intubation conditions without muscle relaxants during induction with the combinations of dexmedotimidine-propofol, dexmedotimidine-thiopenthal and dexmedetomidine-etomidate. Method: Seventy-six patients, in ASA risk group I-II, between ages 20-60 years, with Mallampati Class 1 were included in the study. All patients were premedicated with midazolam. The patients were randomly divided into three groups as Group P (n=30, dexmedetomidine-propofol), Group T (n=30, dexmedetomidine-thiopenthal), Group E (n=16, dexmedetomidine-etomidate). All patients received dexmedetomidine 1 µg.kg-1 in 10 min. Then, the patients were administered 2.5 mg.kg-1 propofol for Group P, 5 mg.kg-1 thiopental for Group T and 0.3 mg.kg-1 etomidate for Group E during induction. Hemodynamic data of the patients were recorded before induction, after dexmedetomidine administration, immediately after intubation and 3, 5 and 10 minutes after intubation. Results: There was no difference between the groups according to hemodynamic data. Sixteen patients in Group P and 10 patients in Group T had acceptable intubation conditions. Muscle relaxant was needed in 14, 20 and 16 patients in Groups P, T and E, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, we determined that best intubation conditions without muscle relaxants were achieved with propofol-dexmedetomidine combination. None of the patients receiving etomidate -dexmedetomidine combination could be intubated without muscle relaxants (Tab. 6, Ref. 29). Full Text in PDF www.elis.sk