An approach to represent time series forecasting via fuzzy numbers

This paper introduces a new approach for estimating the uncertainty in the forecast through the construction of Triangular Fuzzy Numbers (TFNs). The interval of the proposed TFN presentation is generated from a Fuzzy logic based Lower and Upper Bound Estimator (FLUBE). Here, instead of the representing the forecast with a crisp value with a Prediction Interval (PI), the level of uncertainty associated with the point forecasts will be quantified by defining TFNs (linguistic terms) within the uncertainty interval provided by the FLUBE. This will give the opportunity to handle the forecast as linguistic terms which will increase the interpretability. Moreover, the proposed approach will provide valuable information about the accuracy of the forecast by providing a relative membership degree. The demonstrated results indicate that the proposed FLUBE based TFN representation is an efficient and useful approach to represent the uncertainty and the quality of the forecast

An enhanced fuzzy linguistic term generation and representation for time series forecasting

This paper introduces an enhancement to linguistic forecast representation using Triangular Fuzzy Numbers (TFNs) called Enhanced Linguistic Generation and Representation Approach (ElinGRA). Since there is always an error margin in the predictions, there is a need to define error bounds in the forecast. The interval of the proposed presentation is generated from a Fuzzy logic based Lower and Upper Bound Estimator (FLUBE) by getting the models of forecast errors. Thus, instead of a classical statistical approaches, the level of uncertainty associated with the point forecasts will be defined within the FLUBE bounds and these bound can be used for defining fuzzy linguistic terms for the forecasts. Here, ElinGRA is proposed to generate triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs) for the predictions. In addition to opportunity to handle the forecast as linguistic terms which will increase the interpretability, ElinGRA improved forecast accuracy of constructed TFNs by adding an extra correction term. The results of the experiments, which are conducted on two data sets, show the benefit of using ElinGRA to represent the uncertainty and the quality of the forecast

Comparative Fruit Anatomy and Morphology of Four Species Known as Cumin (Kimyon) in Turkey

Herbs and spices have long been used to improve the flavor of food. Cumin, one of these spices, is widely used all over the world. However different species known as cumin are used for the same purpose. According to the data obtained from ethnobotanical studies in Turkey. four species are known and used as cumin (Kimyon) in the country; Carum carvi L., Cuminum cyminum L., Laser trilobum (L.) Borkh. and Grammosciadium daucoides DC. In this study, comparative fruit anatomy and morphology of species were studied. The purpose of this study was to have easier species identification by revealing the differences between their fruits. Considerable differences were observed in the fruit morphology with different shapes. Also. the fruit, surface patterns of species showed important. differences with the only similarities of their surfaces were being striated. Carum carvi and Grammosciadium daucoides had prominent striae. while Cuminum cyminum and Laser trilobum sustained slight striae. Species had different fruit anatomical shapes. The extent of costal channels and the presence of secondary and primary ribs were important differences. An identification key based on both morphological and anatomical characters were presented for the studied species

Perimortem caesarean section following maternal gunshot wounds

Perimortem caesarean section is an ethically difficult decision for emergency medicine resuscitation teams. A 34-years-old woman was attacked by her husband with a gunshot. At the time arrival to the emergency room, there was no pulse, no spontaneous breath and blood pressure was unobtainable. Although extensive advanced cardiopulmonary resuscita-tion was performed for 7 minutes, no cardiac activity was regained. During the cardiopulmonary resuscitation efforts, an abdominal ultrasonography was performed and revealed a fetal heart rate with bradycardia. Low segment caesarean section was performed by the obstetrician in the resuscitation room and a female newborn was delivered within less than one minute of the skin incision. Decision on terminating the CPR efforts should not be made in maternal cardiac arrests older than 28 weeks’ gestational age, unless the viability of the fetus had been evaluated

Potassium permanganate ingestion as a suicide attempt

Potassium permanganate is a highly corrosive, water-soluble oxidizing antiseptic. A 68- year-old female patient was admitted to our Emergency Department after ingestion of 3 tablets of 250 mg potassium permanganate as a suicide attempt. The physical exam revealed brown stained lesions in the oropharynx. Emergency endoscopy was performed by the gastroenterologist after the third hour of ingestion. Emergency endoscopy revealed multiple superficial (Grade I-II) lesions on the esophagus and cardia, which were considered secondary to the caustic substance. The mainstay in the treatment of potassium permanganate is supportive and the immediate priority is to secure the airway. Emergency endoscopy is an important tool used to evaluate the location and severity of injury to the esophagus, stomach and duodenum after caustic ingestion. Patients with signs and symptoms of intentional ingestion should undergo endoscopy within 12 to 24 h to define the extent of the disease

Anesthesia management for emergency cesarean section in a patient with takotsubo cardiomyopathy

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a clinical entity resembling acute myocardial infarction that develops due to catecholamine discharge and coronary artery spasm following acute stress in postmenopausal women. The most common symptoms are chest pain, syncope and dyspnea. Moreover ST interval and T wave abnormalities are frequently seen on electrocardiogram (ECG). 19-year-old pregnant with TCM undervent for emergency caesarean section (C/S). Ejection fraction was measured 60% in preoperative echocardiography. Anesthesia induction was achieved with 2 mg/kg propofol and 1 mg/kg fentanyl, after rapid serial endotracheal intubation was performed by using 1.2 mg/kg rocuronium bromide. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane. Residual block was reversed by 4 mg/kg dose of sugammadex and there was no there was complication in the perioperative period. In anesthesia management of patients with TCM, minimization of situations that caused an increase in catecholamine, if possible follow-up with advanced cardiac monitoring and it should be postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) preparation [Med-Science 2020; 9(1.000): 281-3

Humanized brain organoids-on-chip integrated with sensors for screening neuronal activity and neurotoxicity

The complex structure and function of the human central nervous system that develops from the neural tube made in vitro modeling quite challenging until the discovery of brain organoids. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells–derived brain organoids offer recapitulation of the features of early human neurodevelopment in vitro, including the generation, proliferation, and differentiation into mature neurons and micro-macroglial cells, as well as the complex interactions among these diverse cell types of the developing brain. Recent advancements in brain organoids, microfluidic systems, real-time sensing technologies, and their cutting-edge integrated use provide excellent models and tools for emulation of fundamental neurodevelopmental processes, the pathology of neurological disorders, personalized transplantation therapy, and high-throughput neurotoxicity testing by bridging the gap between two-dimensional models and the complex three-dimensional environment in vivo. In this review, we summarize how bioengineering approaches are applied to mitigate the limitations of brain organoids for biomedical and clinical research. We further provide an extensive overview and future perspectives of the humanized brain organoids-on-chip platforms with integrated sensors toward brain organoid intelligence and biocomputing studies. Such approaches might pave the way for increasing approvable clinical applications by solving their current limitations. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Spontaneous isolated celiac artery dissection

Dyspepsia with mild, stabbing epigastric discomfort without history of trauma is a very common symptom that emergency physicians see in their daily practice. Vascular emergencies, mostly the aortic dissection and aneurysm, are always described in the differential diagnosis with persistent symptoms. Isolated celiac artery dissection occurring spontaneously is a very rare diagnosis. The involvement of branch vessels is generally observed and patients show various clinical signs and symptoms according to the involved branch vessel. Here we are presenting a case with spontaneous isolated celiac artery dissection, without any branch vessel involvement or visceral damage, detected by computed tomography scans taken on admission