PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYTICAL STUDY OF KAMPAVATARI RASA - AN AYURVEDIC HERBO MINERAL FORMULATION

Kampavatari Rasa (KVR) is a unique Ayurvedic herbo- mineral formulation mentioned in the classics Rasa Raj Sundar in Vata vyadhi and indicated mainly in Kampavata which resembles Parkinson's disease. The line of treatment in Ayurveda is to combat Vata dosha and to sustain neuronutrition by Rasayana remedies, which can be achieved by Kamapavatari Rasa with its properties like Tridosh shamaka and Rasayana. The present study was executed to establish a finger print for this unique formulation which can be used further for drug standardization. Kampavatari rasa is prepared by triturating Tamra bhasma and Rasa Sindura in equal quantity with Katuki swaras (Picrohiza kurroa) for 21 times. Each ingredient was prepared according to the norms of Ayurvedic classical texts. Raw drugs were selected on bases of Grahya lakshana and its percentage. To ensure the proper preparation of Tamra bhasma, standard tests (Bhasma Pariksha), XRD, NPST and SEM were carried and for Rasa sindura NPST test and XRD were employed. After been complied these tests KVR was prepared and subjected for physico chemical analysis and quantitative analysis of Mercury, Sulphur and Copper by ICPAES. The study of Kampavatari Rasa revealed that its Loss on Drying - 3.4%, Total Ash - 48 %, Acid insoluble ash -13%, water soluble ash - 9.5%, Hardness test was 7kg/cm2 and Tablet disintegration test 14/min which are within the normal limits and ICP – AES shows the percentage of Copper 20.51, Sulphur 8.9, and Mercury 20.43. This is the first study to establish the characterization of Kampavatari rasa

Injury analysis using Anthropomorphic Test Device under vertical shock loads

Natural and manmade injuries due to terrorism, military weapon and accidents lead to cutting edge research for engineers and clinicians alike. The study of injury and its mechanism can help in predicting the severity of an injury which in turn shall guide the engineers to design safer structures and medical specialists in treating casualties. This article summarizes the various advancements and technologies available in the field of Injury Analysis. The objective of the study is to quantify the levels of an injury which occurs when an Anthropomorphic Test Device is subjected to a given vertical impact load. As a baseline a half sine shock test simulating the vertical impact was carried out on Hybrid III 50th percentile male dummy and injury analysis was done based on the standards prescribed by NATO TR-HFM-090. In the present test the injury analysis predicts that the injury during the loading is well within 10% probability of an AIS 2 or greater (AIS 2+)

Experimental Mycobacterium bovis infection in three white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum):Susceptibility, clinical and anatomical pathology

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis is endemic in the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) population in the Kruger National Park and other conservation areas in South Africa. The disease has been diagnosed in a total of 21 free ranging or semi-free ranging wildlife species in the country with highly variable presentations in terms of clinical signs as well as severity and distribution of tuberculous lesions. Most species are spillover or dead-end hosts without significant role in the epidemiology of the disease. White rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum) are translocated from the Kruger National Park in substantial numbers every year and a clear understanding of their risk to manifest overt tuberculosis disease and to serve as source of infection to other species is required. We report the findings of experimental infection of three white rhinoceroses with a moderately low dose of a virulent field isolate of Mycobacterium bovis. None of the animals developed clinical signs or disseminated disease. The susceptibility of the white rhinoceros to bovine tuberculosis was confirmed by successful experimental infection based on the ante mortem isolation of M. bovis from the respiratory tract of one rhinoceros, the presence of acid-fast organisms and necrotizing granulomatous lesions in the tracheobronchial lymph nodes and the detection of M. bovis genetic material by PCR in the lungs of two animals

Chondroid lipoma of the thigh: A case report

Chondroid lipoma is an unusual, unique benign lipomatous tumor. We present a case of chondroid lipoma of right thigh in 46-year- old female to highlight the distinct morphological simily, it is important to distinguish it from extraskeletal chondrosarcoma and myxoid liposarcoma. The review of the literature has been discussed

Human subcutaneous dirofilariasis of forearm an unusual presentation

Human subcutaneous dirofilariasis (HSD) is a rare zoonotic filarial infection caused by filarial worms of the genus Dirofilaria. In view, recent rise in human Dirofilaria repens infections in several regions of the world, is considered as emerging zoonotic infection transmitted to man by zooanthrophilic blood sucking insects. Most of the documented cases of human dirofilariasis recorded in India are ocular infections and very few cases of subcutaneous dirofilariasis have been reported. We hereby present a case of subcutaneous human dirofilariasis of forearm and also emphasize on increased awareness of this entity for clinicians and pathologists in the differential diagnosis of patients with subcutaneous nodules

Pulmonary hamartoma: Cytological study of a case and literature review

Pulmonary hamartomas are the most common but rare benign tumor-like lesions of the lung arising from the embryonic rest. They are more common in males and in aged. Majority are asymptomatic and seen as coin lesions with popcorn calcification in the chest radiograph. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) helps to diagnose and distinguish them from the cancerous lesions of the lung. The cytological material is characterized by fibromyxoid stroma, cartilage, bronchial cells, adipose tissue and bone. Bronchial cells with reactive atypia may be a source of false-positive result. Symptomatic cases need surgical intervention such as enucleation or segmental resection. We report a case of a 74-year-old male who had a lung mass that did not progress over 4-year on chest radiograph. The CT-guided FNAC smears showed benign bronchial epithelial cells, fibro-myxoid spindle cell stroma and fat spaces that aided the diagnosis of pulmonary hamartoma avoiding surgical intervention