Diagnostic non-invasif du rejet aigu en transplantation rénale

BESANCON-BU Médecine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Misleading de novo detection of serum anti-HLA-A3 antibodies in kidney recipients having received ATG before transplantation.

International audienceAnti-HLA antibody (Ab) monitoring is essential for the follow-up of transplant patients. However, it can be affected by drugs, especially Ab infused as a conditioning regimen for transplantation. ATG Fresenius, commonly used in this setting, is a polyclonal rabbit Ab raised against the Jurkat human T cell line (HLA-A3, 32; B7, 35). We report here the de novo detection by CDC and flow cytometry (Luminex) of anti-HLA-A3 Ab in the serum of kidney recipients treated with ATG Fresenius. The Ab, of rabbit origin, was detected in every assessable patient (n = 16), with the exception of the HLA-A3 recipients and/or recipients receiving an HLA-A3 graft, before becoming undetectable, at latest, at day 102 after transplantation. It is of major importance that transplantation monitoring laboratories bear in mind the possibility of therapeutic Ab detection when interpreting anti-HLA Ab results

Urinary cytotoxic molecular markers for a noninvasive diagnosis in acute renal transplant rejection.

International audiencePerforin (P), Granzyme B (GB) and Fas-Ligand (FAS-L) are cytotoxic molecules involved in acute rejection (AR) after renal transplantation. A noninvasive diagnostic test to monitor AR and other complications could improve clinical management. We investigated the predictive and diagnostic interest of target mRNA measurements, with a quantitative PCR assay, in AR, as well as in other clinical complications recurrent in kidney transplantation. One hundred and sixty-two urine specimens from 37 allograft recipients were investigated. Clinical settings were AR, urinary tract infection (UTI), cytomegalovirus infection (CMVi) or disease (CMVd), chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN), delayed graft function (DGF) and stable graft course (controls). In the case of AR, mRNA levels of all three molecules were significantly higher than in recipients not showing any clinically evident signs of complication. Indeed, it was observed that expression levels of P, GB and Fas-L mRNA also increase in other clinical situations such as UTI, CMV and DGF. Finally, kinetic studies in three patients with AR revealed that increased P, GB and Fas-L mRNA levels could precede or were concomitant with increased serum creatinin levels. P, GB and Fas-L gene expression in urine specimens were upregulated in AR episodes but also in UTI, CMV infection and DGF. Therefore, this technique would appear to be of limited clinical value as a noninvasive method of diagnosing AR