Destoxificação da torta de mamona com sementes de Albizia lebbeck.

Objetivou-se com esse estudo destoxificar a torta de mamona por meio de hidrólise da ricina utilizando-se sementes trituradas de Albizia lebbeck. O extrato de sementes de Albizia foi capaz de degradar a ricina presente na torta de mamona, se mostrado como mais um método com potencial para a destoxificação desse resíduo agroindustrial

Towards a more complete quantification of the global carbon cycle

The main components of global carbon budget calculations are the emissions from burning fossil fuels, cement production, and net land-use change, partly balanced by ocean CO2 uptake and CO2 increase in the atmosphere. The difference between these terms is referred to as the residual sink, assumed to correspond to increasing carbon storage in the terrestrial biosphere through physiological plant responses to changing conditions (ΔBphys). It is often used to constrain carbon exchange in global earth-system models. More broadly, it guides expectations of autonomous changes in global carbon stocks in response to climatic changes, including increasing CO2, that may add to, or subtract from, anthropogenic CO2 emissions. However, a budget with only these terms omits some important additional fluxes that are needed to correctly infer ΔBphys. They are cement carbonation and fluxes into increasing pools of plastic, bitumen, harvested-wood products, and landfill deposition after disposal of these products, and carbon fluxes to the oceans via wind erosion and non-CO2 fluxes of the intermediate breakdown products of methane and other volatile organic compounds. While the global budget includes river transport of dissolved inorganic carbon, it omits river transport of dissolved and particulate organic carbon, and the deposition of carbon in inland water bodies. Each one of these terms is relatively small, but together they can constitute important additional fluxes that would significantly reduce the size of the inferred ΔBphys. We estimate here that inclusion of these fluxes would reduce ΔBphys from the currently reported 3.6&thinsp;GtC&thinsp;yr−1 down to about 2.1&thinsp;GtC&thinsp;yr−1 (excluding losses from land-use change). The implicit reduction in the size of ΔBphys has important implications for the inferred magnitude of current-day biospheric net carbon uptake and the consequent potential of future biospheric feedbacks to amplify or negate net anthropogenic CO2 emissions.</p

A salinomicina para o controle da eimeriose de caprinos leiteiros nas fases de cria e recria.

Resumo: A salinomicina foi avaliada no controle da eimeriose caprina em 27 cabritos mestiços distribuídos aleatoriamente em três tratamentos num delineamento inteiramente casualizado: T0, nao medicados (grupo controle); Tl e 72, medicados com doses de l e 2mg de salinomicina/kg de peso vivo/dia, respectivamente. Na fase de cria, não houve diferença estatística (P>0,005) no ganho médio de peso (GP) entre os três tratamentos. Na fase de recria, o grupo T0 apresentou GP significativalnente inferior (P0.05). 0 número médio de oocistos por grama de fezes (OOPG) do grupo T0 nas duas fases estudadas, foi significativamente maior (P0,005) entre si. 0 grupo T0 apresentou rendimento médio de carcaca (RC) significativamente inferior (P0,005). O peso médio da massa corporal (MC) do grupo T0 foi inferior (P0,005) do grupo T1 ; entre os grupos T1 e T2, não houve diferença significativa (P>0,005) no peso médio da massa corporal (MC). O uso da salinomicina nas doses de 1 e 2mg/kg, resultou em maior ganho de peso dos animais dos grupos T1 e T2 e, consequentemente, maior valor da margem bruta destes tratamentos. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os T1 e T2 foram equivalentes para o controle da eimeriose caprina, uma vez que ambos os tratamentos apresentaram maior ganho de peso e oocistigrama inferior ao grupo T0. Conclui-se que o tratamento com a salinomicina na dose de 1,0mg/kg é eficaz, desde que seja administrada a partir da segunda semana de vida. The salinomicin in the control of eimeriosis in dairy goats at pre and post-weaning phases. Abstract: Salinomicin was evaluated for the control of caprine eimeriosis in the pre-weaning (PRW) and post-weaning (POW) phases. Twenty seven crossbred goat kids were randomly distributed among three treatments: T0, not medicated (check group); T1 and T2 daily medicated with 1.0 and 2.0mg/kg living weight of salinomicin, respectively. In the PRW, there were not significant differences (P>0.05) in the daily weight gain among the treatments. However, in the POW, the T0 group presented daily weight gain inferior (P>0.05) to the T1 and T2 groups, which did not statiscally differ (P>0.05) between themselves. The average number of oocistes per gram of faeces in the T0 at the two studied phases was significatively higher (P0.05) between themselves. The average carcass yield was significantly lower (P0.05) to the T1 group. The use of salinomicin resulted in higher weight gains by the lambs, and improved the economic yield. The treatments T1 and T2 were equivalent in the caprine eimeriosis control since both treatments presented higher weight gains and lower oocistogram than the treatment T0. However, treatment T1 should be recommended due to its better economic efficiency

TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

Transcultural adaptation of the Emotion Matching Task: an emotion neuropsychological assessment

Emotions play a central role in children’s relationships. Deficits in emotional understanding have been associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders. In Brazil, however, few psychological instruments are available to assess young children’s emotional development. The objective of the present study was to make a transcultural adaptation of the Emotion Matching Task (EMT). The EMT was translated and adapted by a team of bilingual researches and then back-translated to English. The preliminary versions were assessed by EMT’s authors and by Brazilians specialized judges. The final version was applied in a sample of 50 children between three and six years of age and answered by nine judges in three Brazilian states. The results indicate good semantic equivalence and good agreement with the answers provided (κ= 0.88, Z=95.2, p<0.001). The final version of the EMT was considered appropriate and satisfactory

Post-LS3 Experimental Options in ECN3

The Experimental Cavern North 3 (ECN3) is an underground experimental cavern on the CERN Pr\'evessin site. ECN3 currently hosts the NA62 experiment, with a physics programme devoted to rare kaon decays and searches of hidden particles approved until Long Shutdown 3 (LS3). Several options are proposed on the longer term in order to make best use of the worldwide unique potential of the high-intensity/high-energy proton beam extracted from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) in ECN3. The current status of their study by the CERN Physics Beyond Colliders (PBC) Study Group is presented, including considerations on beam requirements and upgrades, detector R&D and construction, schedules and cost, as well as physics potential within the CERN and worldwide landscape.Comment: 113 pages, 39 figure