Utilization of Used Polystyrene As Adhesive In Polymer Emulsion Asphalt

The utilization of used polystyrene as adhesive material for emulsion polymer asphalt has been carried out. Polystyrene foam was dissolved in toluene at the ratio of 30:70 mL, then the solution was mixed with aquadest at ratios of 90: 10 mL, 70: 30 mL, 50: 50 mL, 30:70 mL, and 10: 90 mL. Then added with 10 mL of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate solution at concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The most stable latex polystyrene was mixed with 200 g of sand aggregate at volume ratios of 10 mL, 20 mL, 30 mL, 40 mL, and 50 mL. Then the mixture was pressed into a hotpress at 150ºC for 20 minutes. The mixture obtained was characterized using tensile strength testing, water absorption, and SEM spectroscopy. The results showed that the mixture of sand aggregate with 50 mL latex polystyrene has the best compressive strength and water absorption, at a load of 1606 Kg.f, a stroke of 14.93 mm/minutes, and a water absorption percentage of 18%. The morphology result showed that the surface of sand aggregate with 50 mL of latex polystyrene mixture contains smaller and least holes than the surface of sand aggregate with 10 mL of latex polystyrene mixture

Effect of Surfactant Tween 80 (Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Mono Oleate) Addition on Viscosity and Activation Energy on Making Asphalt Emulsion

Asphalt emulsion is a mixture of asphalt (55% - 65%), water (35% - 45%) and emulsifier material (1% - 2%). This research studied the effect of adding surfactant tween 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate) on the viscosity and activation energy. The research data was obtained by mixing asphalt, surfactant tween 80, and water and then heated at a certain temperature and viscosity values were measured using a Brookfield Viscosimetre at 500 rpm. The results show that the viscosity and the activation energy increase with the addition of surfactant tween 80: η = -49,82380 cp end Ea = 9,18452154 kJ/mo

Pervaporation Ethanol-Water Mixture using Membrane Nanocomposite Chitosan-Nature Zeolite Sarulla

The study is aimed to synthesis chitosan membrane and modification of membrane by additing natural nanozeolite Sarulla by varying the composition of nanozeolite toward the membrane performance. The membrane obtained is determined Flux and selectivity on the separation of ethanol-water mixture by pervaporation. The chitosan used has a degree of deacetylation of 84.7% and Natural Nanozeolite Sarulla (@ZAS) used has a @ZAS aktivated at 400oC for 4 hours and data XRD data showed that the zeolite which usd to resemble modernit. The result of SEM showed that the membrane surface is relatively smooth, homogeneous and fine pores evenly dispersed, while the Ch-@NNS membrane surface looks uneven, heterogeneous and rough surface due the zeolite dispersed.  These results are supported by IR data which showed the occurrence of mixing physical and chemical interactions between chitosan and @ZAS. The performance (flux and selectivity) of membrane (flux and selectivity) generally increases with the addition of  @ZAS composition to the chitosan matrix. The optimum composition membran obtained addition of 0.30 g @ZAS (membrane Ch-@ZAS_4). The laboratoriun scala tests showed that the nano composite membrane chitosan natural zeolite Sarulla, which is synthesized at optimum composition, with the feed etanol at composition of 98% w/w and 65oC, has the highest fermeation flux of water and totality were 0.98 Kg/m2 hour and 1.05 Kg/m2 hour resvectively, while the highest selectivity was 1168. This study has also able to increase the concentration of ethanol to 99.22% (w/w). Keywords: Pervaporation, ethanol-water, nanocomposite membrane, chitosan, natural zeolite Sarulla.

ANALISIS SIFAT TERMAL DAN UJI KELARUTAN DARI KARET ALAM SIKLIS DAN KARET ALAM CAIR SIKLIS

Abstract. The research has done analysis of thermal properties and solubility test of Cyclic Natural Rubber (CNR) and Cyclic Liquid Natural Rubber (CLNR). Cyclic Liquid Natural Rubber (CLNR) is a cyclical natural rubber which has decreased molecular weight. Synthesis of Cyclic Liquid Natural Rubber (CLNR) do by oxidative degradation after cyclic.  Oxidative degradation after cyclic using Cyclic Natural Rubber (CNR) and phenylhydrazine reagent with flow rate 2 LMin-1 of oxygen atmosphere during 24 hours. Thermal analysis of Cyclic Natural Rubber (CNR) and Cyclic Liquid Natural Rubber (CLNR) by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC),the glass transition temperature (Tg) of Cyclic Natural Rubber (CNR) and Cyclic Liquid Natural Rubber (CLNR) are 102,82  o C and 103,67 o C, the crystal transition temperature (Tc) of Cyclic Natural Rubber (CNR) and Cyclic Liquid Natural Rubber (CLNR) are 362,45 o C and 330,29 o C and the melting transition temperature ( Tm) of Cyclic Natural Rubber (CNR) and Cyclic Liquid Natural Rubber (CLNR) are 509,24 o C and 440,00 o C. Solubility test by dilute Cyclic Natural Rubber (CNR) and Cyclic Liquid Natural Rubber (CLNR) in some solvent with different properties and polarity index. Solubility test shows the results Cyclic Natural Rubber (CNR) and Cyclic Liquid Natural Rubber (CLNR)  has polarity index around 2,4 – 4,4 and 2,4 and 4,4.               Keywords: CLNR, CNR, oxidative degradatio

STUDI PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH IKAN DARI TEMPAT PELELANGAN IKAN (TPI) DAN PASAR TRADISIONAL SIBOLGA SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU KOMPOS

Telah dilakukan penelitian pembuatan pupuk kompos dari limbah ikan tempat pelelangan (TPI) dan pasar tradisional Sibolga. Proses pengomposan menggunakan EM4 yang telah diaktifkan dengan tetes tebu.Selama pengomposan  kondisi suhu dijaga dengan pembalikan kompos dan diamati perubahan warna serta bau. Pengujian kadar C-Organik, Nitrogen, Posfor, dan Kalium dilakukan pada rentang waktu 0,2,5,10,15,20 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar C-Orgnik ; 51,69%, Nitrogen ; 8,25%, Posfor ; 4,75%, dan Kalium ; 1,56%. Dari hasil pengujian C-Organik, Nitrogen, Posfor, dan Kalium menunjukkan kadar yang cukup tinggi dibanding dengan kualitas kompos SNI, maka kompos dari limbah ikan tempat pelelangan ikan (TPI) dan pasar tradisioanl Sibolga dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk

PEMANFAATAN SELULOSA MIKROKRISTAL DARI TANDAN KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L) SEBAGAI PENGISI PLASTIK POLIPROPILENA YANG TERBIODEGRADASIKAN

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penggunaan dalam pembuatan komposit biodegradabel dengan pengisi mikrokristal selulosa yang bersumber dari tandan kelapa (Cocos Nucifera L) dan polipropilena. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa komposit biodegradabel yang memiliki sifat terbaik dan sesuai dengan SNI 7188.7:2011 adalah dengan perbandingan PP dan MCC pada perbandingan 80% : 20%  dimana mempunyai sifat mekanis yang paling maksimum dimana harga kekuatan tarik 25,722 N/m2 dan kemuluran 5,292%. Sedangkan pada perbandingan 70% : 30% harga kekuatan tarik 15,753 N/m2 dan kemuluran 3,760% .Dari uji DTA spesimen komposit PP : MCC (80:20) menunjukkan kenaikan temperatur leleh nya dari 62,65°C menjadi 62,85 °C dan kenaikan temperatur dekomposisi nya dari 376,28 °C menjadi 342,67 °C. Laju persentase biodegradasi yang paling tinggi yakni pada komposit biodegradabel dengan perbanding 80 : 20 yaitu pada tanah kompos sebesar 2,668%. Dan dari hasil FTIR menunjukkan bahwa setelah biodegradasi telihat kenaikan gugus δ(O-H) pada peak 3445cm-1 dan kenaikan gugus δ(>C=O) pada peak 1730 cm-1

Oxidation Degradation Analysis Of Cyclic Natural Rubber (Resiprene-35) Due To Storage, Heating And Ultraviolet Rays

Research on analysis oxidative degradation and stabilization of cyclic natural rubber (resipren-35) using wax commercial antioxidants, BHT, and Wingstay has been conducted. Properties of physics as a result of treatment of storaging, heating and irradiating by ultraviolet rays was studied. Structural analysis of functional groups was studied using FTIR, thermal properties using DSC and TGA analysis, crystallinity by XRD and test of the solubility and viscosity of cyclic natural rubber (CNR) before and after the occurrence of oxidative degradation. Research results indicate that the analysis of cyclical natural rubber (resipren-35) very easily degraded due to crosslinking and oxidized due to reaction with air (oxygen and ozone) in storaging, heating and irradiating by ultraviolet rays. Antioxidants can inhibit the oxidation degradation rate with the effectiveness is Wingstay> BHT> wax though not very significant. Samples Resipren-35 compared to rubber cyclically-450 Alpex more easily degraded due to differences in the degree of cyclization or the number of C = C double bond in Resipren-35. The measurement results are expected to provide input technologically cyclic preservation of natural rubber products which are resistant to storage, heating and exposure to UV rays. Keywords: Cyclic Natural Rubber, antioxidants, Polymer Degradation, Stabilizer, and Chain Breakin

Biodegradasi Dari Penyalut Layak Makan Berbasis Pati Sagu

The experiment about the food to cauting decent from starch of sago using powder of bar sago palm as filler and glycerol as plastisizer has done. Biodegadation of to cover eat decent eith powder of bar sago palm as filler, was done by soil buriar test for 5 – 3 days. Mean while biodegadation in Aspergillus niger media was done for 3-5 days. The results of weight loss percentage showed that all to cover eat decent can be biodegadation rate. The biodegadability by soil burial test was more faster thant by Aspergillus niger fungi. Characterization of fungtional goups were done by FT – IR and the morphology was tested by SEM. Toxicity test using E.Coli in Nutrien Agar media at temperature 370C and incubation 48 hours showed that to cover eat decent not indivcatoin of anticeptic properties

The Effect of Nano Crystalline Cellulose-Filled to Tensile Strength of Oil Palm Trunk Starch-Based Adhesive

Has conducted research on the effect of nanocrystals of cellulose produced from oil palm trunk. Nano crystalline cellulose-field into the oil palm trunk starch modified. There was a increase in the quality of oil palm trunk starch which be used to as adhesives. Their modified starch added DSTB. Nano crystalline cellulose produced by oil palm empty fruit bunches used isolation method. Adhesive  characterized by tensile strength, and SEM. Durability and adhesion strength of the nanocomposites were compared to those of the Indonesian Standard for wood adhesives which there have been gave us a new information for adhesive. Nanocrystalline cellulose added 2% into nanocomposite were the optimal yield. Keywords: modified-starch, nanocrystalline cellulose, tensile strength, and SE