BSN Students’ Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Simulation-based Learning

As nurse educators prepare students to enter the real world, they are challenged to create learning methods that develop confident and competent nurses. While new graduate nurses have much to learn, they are expected to be able to work as a team, think critically, and provide a safe environment for patients. A nursing program at a small, liberal arts college in the Foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains utilized simulation-based learning experiences to prepare students for the many situations they may face as a future nurse. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact these experiences had on students’ perception of satisfaction and self-confidence. A non-experimental, quantitative research design was used to conduct this study. Results showed an increase in undergraduate nursing student’s perception of satisfaction and self-confidence following an Adult Health II course. Both the literature review and findings of this study indicate that simulation-based learning is a valuable tool used to enhance the skills and knowledge of undergraduate nursing students

Analysis of the Invert Damage and Its Rehabilitation Design. The Saint Louis Les Aygalades Tunnel Case Study

The combined effect of time with the non-homogenous mechanical and hydraulic behaviors of the various intermediate layers between the foundation soil and the tracks often result in undesired deformation and misalignment of the tracks, which can compromise performance of the railway tunnel. The tunnel of Saint-Louis les Aygalades is located on the Paris Marseille mainline. This 476 m long tunnel was built in 1847, from the two portals and two intermediate shafts, under a maximum cover of 35 m in the tertiary formation of Stampien. The section of the tunnel consists of an elliptical vault with large vertical axis resting on the curved sidewalls and supported by a circular invert. The tunnel was entirely lined in masonry bricks with lime mortar. This paper presents an investigation into the behavior of the tracks in the Saint-Louis les Aygalades railway tunnel. The evolution of the tracks misalignment generated the undulatory deformation of the rails, which was caused by the non-homogeneity of the mechanical and hydraulic properties of the track structure. The modeling of the phases of construction and the time effect using the finite element analysis method made it possible to consider the structural role of the invert in the global stability of the tunnel liner. The study allowed the identification of possible causes of the track misalignment and determination of an appropriate solution. Corrective measures were assessed and applied

Rehabilitation of La Nerthe Tunnel on Paris-Marseille High-Speed Railway Line

The La Nerthe tunnel is located on the Paris-Marseille railway line under the Étoile mountain range. This 4638 m long double track tunnel was built at the middle of 19th century under a maximum cover of 180 m and currently is used as part of the high-speed railway line (TGV). This masonry tunnel with hard limestone blocks at the sidewalls and bricks at the crown passes through marl, gypsum and limestone zones. A major fault with accompanying extensive tectonic deformations cuts across the tunnel axis. The in-situ stress tests performed on the new high-speed rail line in the zone with intense tectonic fractures highlighted the tectonic residual stresses with very high lateral earth pressure coefficients (k0). The La Nerthe tunnel underwent ovalization deformation with excessive displacement at the springline, and pinching and bursting of the bricks at the crown. In this paper, the geological context and the damage to the tunnel lining are described in detail. The theoretical tunnel profile has been compared with the actual real section in order to determine the size and the shape of the lining deformation. The initialization of the existing stress field in the tunnel masonry lining using the original excavation and support methods and also a simplified approach for considering the time effect has been explained in detail. Finite element analyses have allowed an understanding of the possible causes of the observed damages and to propose an adequate reinforcement method. The applied rehabilitation system and the constraints of work in this busy mainline railway tunnel have been discussed in detail

Analysis of Tunnel Section Enlargement Through Cutting Masonry Liner (Paris-Marseilles Roches De Condrieu Railway Tunnel Case Study)

With increase in the dynamic envelope of trains due to the increase of their cross section and speed, the need for widening tunnel cross section of existing tunnels is becoming a necessity. One of the solutions to this problem consists of cutting a fraction of the masonry liner thickness and replacing it with a higher strength, and therefore, a thinner material. In this paper, the case of the widening of the Roches de Condrieu tunnel on the Paris to Marseilles railway line is presented. A maximum of half of the thickness of the existing masonry liner should be removed somewhere between the tunnel crown and the springline. Three-dimensional finite element analysis was used to simulate the effect of this partial cutting of the liner over a limited specified length along the tunnel axis. This study allowed the determination of the maximum length of cutting along the tunnel axis without creating any stability problem for the tunnel section. Once the section cut is reinforced by a higher strength material such as steel fiber reinforced shotcrete, the work resumed with alternating panels

Recent Developments in Targeting Carbonic Anhydrase IX for Cancer Therapeutics

Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a hypoxia-inducible enzyme that is overexpressed by cancer cells from many tumor types, and is a component of the pH regulatory system invoked by these cells to combat the deleterious effects of a high rate of glycolytic metabolism. CAIX functions to help produce and maintain an intracellular pH (pHi) favorable for tumor cell growth and survival, while at the same time participating in the generation of an increasingly acidic extracellular space, facilitating tumor cell invasiveness. Pharmacologic interference of CAIX catalytic activity using monoclonal antibodies or CAIX-specific small molecule inhibitors, consequently disrupting pH regulation by cancer cells, has been shown recently to impair primary tumor growth and metastasis. Many of these agents are in preclinical or clinical development and constitute a novel, targeted strategy for cancer therapy

Multivalent Carbonic Anhydrases Inhibitors

Biomolecular recognition using a multivalent strategy has been successfully applied, this last decade on several biological targets, especially carbohydrate-processing enzymes, proteases, and phosphorylases. This strategy is based on the fact that multivalent interactions of several inhibitory binding units grafted on a presentation platform may enhance the binding affinity and selectivity. The zinc metalloenzymes carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are considered as drug targets for several pathologies, and different inhibitors found clinical applications as diuretics, antiglaucoma agents, anticonvulsants, and anticancer agents/diagnostic tools. Their main drawback is related to the lack of isoform selectivity leading to serious side effects for all pathologies in which they are employed. Thus, the multivalent approach may open new opportunities in the drug design of innovative isoform-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with biomedical applications

tert-Butyl N-[N,N-bis­(2-chloro­ethyl)sulfamo­yl]-N-(2-chloro­ethyl)carbamate

The title compound, C11H21Cl3N2O4S, was produced as part of a development programme of a new synthetic route to chloro­ethyl­nitro­sosulfamides (CENS) with three chloro­ethyl moieties. These compounds possess structural features that confer potential biological activity and act as alkyl­ating agents. The packing is governed by four weak C—H⋯O inter­actions, forming an infinite three-dimensional network

Carbonic Anhydrase Activators: Gold Nanoparticles Coated with Derivatized Histamine, Histidine, and Carnosine Show Enhanced Activatory Effects on Several Mammalian Isoforms.

International audienc

Synthesis of rhodamine B ?€" benzenesulfonamide conjugates and their inhibitory activity against human ?- and bacterial/fungal ?-carbonic anhydrases

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[(3aS,5aR,8aR,8bS)-2,2,7,7-Tetra­methyl­tetra­hydro-3aH-bis­[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-b:4′,5′-d]pyran-3a-yl]methyl (R)-N-(1-phenyl­eth­yl)sulfamate

In the title compound, C20H29NO8S, the two five-membered rings adopt envelope conformations (with an O atom at the flap in each case), while the six-membered pyran ring displays a twist-boat conformation. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into a supra­molecular chain running along the a axis