US Bankendeal: Rückstellungen oder Reserve für allgemeine Bankrisiken?

Der Artikel untersucht die Frage, wann für Kosten und Bussen aus dem US Bankendeal Rückstellungen gebildet werden müssen oder ob auch Reserven für allgemeine Bankrisiken gebildet werden dürfen

Extended Reality in the World Wide Web: Investigating and Testing the Use Cases of WebVR Manuals

Web Virtual Reality (WebVR) extends the World Wide Web (WWW) in its possibilities by enabling it to present 3D objects. Past research suggests that this could enhance accessibility and calls for further research on user acceptance of this technology. This study conducts an online experiment with a manual for folding an origami figure and compares data from a classic approach versus one where a WebVR manual is presented. Time, quality, knowledge transfer, and motivation are measured, and mediation is tested for usability, cognition, imagination, and comprehensibility. Participants show higher levels of motivation, mediated by comprehensibility and less cognitive effort. The reduced cognitive strain enhances knowledge transfer. Furthermore, the time used is lower in the WebVR setting than in the traditional one. This effect is moderated by usability. Regarding quality, no significant effects are reported

Predicting Music Hierarchies with a Graph-Based Neural Decoder

This paper describes a data-driven framework to parse musical sequences into dependency trees, which are hierarchical structures used in music cognition research and music analysis. The parsing involves two steps. First, the input sequence is passed through a transformer encoder to enrich it with contextual information. Then, a classifier filters the graph of all possible dependency arcs to produce the dependency tree. One major benefit of this system is that it can be easily integrated into modern deep-learning pipelines. Moreover, since it does not rely on any particular symbolic grammar, it can consider multiple musical features simultaneously, make use of sequential context information, and produce partial results for noisy inputs. We test our approach on two datasets of musical trees -- time-span trees of monophonic note sequences and harmonic trees of jazz chord sequences -- and show that our approach outperforms previous methods.Comment: To be published in the Proceedings of the International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference (ISMIR

Care and Do Not Harm: Possible Misunderstandings With Quaternary Prevention (P4) Comment on “Quaternary Prevention, an Answer of Family Doctors to Over Medicalization”

The discussion between general practitioners (GPs) and healthcare delivery organizations necessitates a common language. The presentation of the 4 types of GP’s activities, opens dialogue but can lead to possible misunderstandings between the micro- and macro-level of the healthcare system. This commentary takes 4 examples: costs reduction by P4, priority of beneficence or nonmaleficence, role of evidence-based medicine (EBM) and use of a constructivist model

Rerouting in vascular access infections using a biosynthetic vascular graft (Omniflow® II)

Background Surgical treatment of infected arteriovenous grafts (AVG) while preserving the hemodialysis access remains a challenge. Partial graft excision (PGE) directly followed by interposition grafting (IG) is an established method but is associated with a high rate of local reinfection. This retrospective study investigated the technique of rerouting using a biosynthetic vascular graft (Omniflow® II). Methods This was a retrospective analysis of all patients at a tertiary referral center undergoing surgical treatment for AVG infections using PGE and IG with the rerouting technique using Omniflow® II between January 2009 and December 2018. Follow-up data were collected until May 2021. Results Fifteen patients (53% male, median age 62 years [range 49-81]) were identified for further analysis, thereof twelve received an Omniflow® II vascular graft. Eleven patients had positive local microbial cultures, with Staphylococcus aureus being the most frequently identified pathogen (9 cases). Mortality and reoperation rates within 30 days were both 0%. Median follow-up was 32 months (range 2–101 months) with a median follow-up index of 0.92 (range 0.18–1). During follow-up a surgical intervention for reinfection was necessary in 3 patients with Omniflow® II at a median of 304 days (range 298–485 days). Conclusion Partial graft excision and direct interposition grafting using a biosynthetic Omniflow® II vascular graft is a valid treatment option in selected patients with AVG infections when total graft excision can be avoided. Using a careful rerouting technique, while preserving clinically noninfected graft sections the risk of early reinfection can be minimized and the dialysis access maintained

GrassPlot v. 2.00 : first update on the database of multi-scale plant diversity in Palaearctic grasslands

GrassPlot is a collaborative vegetation-plot database organised by the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) and listed in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD ID EU-00-003). Following a previous Long Database Report (Dengler et al. 2018, Phyto-coenologia 48, 331–347), we provide here the first update on content and functionality of GrassPlot. The current version (GrassPlot v. 2.00) contains a total of 190,673 plots of different grain sizes across 28,171 independent plots, with 4,654 nested-plot series including at least four grain sizes. The database has improved its content as well as its functionality, including addition and harmonization of header data (land use, information on nestedness, structure and ecology) and preparation of species composition data. Currently, GrassPlot data are intensively used for broad-scale analyses of different aspects of alpha and beta diversity in grassland ecosystems

How the Swiss federal drug policy spreads to cantons and cities: an evaluation

Since the early 1990s, the Swiss Confederation has been promoting the “Four-Pillars” model to address drug-related issues. This model seeks to reduce drugrelated problems by intervention using the four fields of prevention, treatment, harm reduction, and repression. Since the Confederation has no constitutional competence in drug policy, it cannot enforce this model in a top-down manner. Instead, it must rely on other means in order to convince the main players of Swiss drug policy – the cantons and the cities – to adopt its ideas

Tuning Legged Locomotion Controllers via Safe Bayesian Optimization

This paper presents a data-driven strategy to streamline the deployment of model-based controllers in legged robotic hardware platforms. Our approach leverages a model-free safe learning algorithm to automate the tuning of control gains, addressing the mismatch between the simplified model used in the control formulation and the real system. This method substantially mitigates the risk of hazardous interactions with the robot by sample-efficiently optimizing parameters within a probably safe region. Additionally, we extend the applicability of our approach to incorporate the different gait parameters as contexts, leading to a safe, sample-efficient exploration algorithm capable of tuning a motion controller for diverse gait patterns. We validate our method through simulation and hardware experiments, where we demonstrate that the algorithm obtains superior performance on tuning a model-based motion controller for multiple gaits safely.Comment: This paper has been accepted to the 2023 Conference on Robot Learning (CoRL 2023.) The first two authors contributed equally. The supplementary video is available at https://youtu.be/zDBouUgegrU and the code implementation is available at https://github.com/lasgroup/gosafeop