Teacher Teams That Work

Teaming in middle schools is considered by many to be a best practice strategy in meeting the unique needs of the adolescent learner. Systems must be in place to support teacher teams as they work towards become a functioning unit. Administrators can assist teacher teams through providing training on the evolutional phases that teams will naturally move through as well as how to negotiate team decision making. This article reviewed the phases that teams experience as they develop and the variety of personalities and roles that team members play in teams. Tips for working towards building successful teams in the middle school are provided

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly

Female-Only Classes in a Rural Context: Self-Concept, Achievement, and Discourse

Two middle schools in rural east Texas implemented an optional, single-sex program. Although previous studies have documented the effects of single-sex instruction, and recent educational innovations have focused on its benefits, little research has investigated its effects in rural contexts. This study found that for rural populations, patterns of discourse differ between female-only and coeducational classes, with all-female classes participating in higher levels of thinking and engaging in more discourse overall. However, girls in single-sex classes had significantly lower levels of general self-concept than girls in coeducational classes. There were no statistically significant differences in the achievement test scores between the groups. This research indicated that findings from urban contexts may not be generalizable to rural populations. Studies have shown differences between rural, urban, and suburban contexts in educational settings (e.g., Jimerson, 2005). Specifically, the effectiveness of educational interventions can vary greatly depending on the community of learners (e.g., Bishop, 2004; Knapczyk, Rodes, Chung, & Chapman, 1999; Strange, Johnson, Showalter, & Klein, 2012), demographics (e.g., Hemphill, Vanneman, & Rahman, 2011), and cultural contexts (e.g.

Panel 3: political consultancy: an area for information systems academicians to create value?

Information Systems are increasingly a topic of, and underlie, the implementation of most government policies. As such they would seem to provide an enormous opportunity for IS academicians to provide 'political consultancy' and to offer their expertise in relation to political decision making. Throughout Europe and around the world, issues such as data privacy, online gaming, the protection of youth, net neutrality, media competency, public health ICT, ICT-based citizen services, digital divide, encryption versus transparency, and the social, competitive, and political impacts of phenomena such as Google, Facebook, and Twitter are being considered by policy makers; and each of these requires careful understanding of information systems issues. However, the contributions of IS academicians to political decision making come across as minor compared to our colleagues in the fields of law, political science, or economics. In the panel, we will explore the pros and cons of senior and junior IS academicians getting involved in these activities from an individual's, a school's, and a community's perspective. Panelists will share their experiences with political consultancy and hope to intensively discuss with the audience, mainly along their interests, ideas, and counter-positions

Detemir insulin for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in dogs

To investigate the effects of insulin detemir in dogs with diabetes mellitus

Positive Result Rate in Kinesiology

This is a study of the positive result rates in the Kinesiology literature. This study also aims to describe study compliance good research practices such as preregistration and open data

CD5 Deficiency Alters Helper T Cell Metabolic Function and Shifts the Systemic Metabolome

Metabolic function plays a key role in immune cell activation, destruction of foreign pathogens, and memory cell generation. As T cells are activated, their metabolic profile is significantly changed due to signaling cascades mediated by the T cell receptor (TCR) and co-receptors found on their surface. CD5 is a T cell co-receptor that regulates thymocyte selection and peripheral T cell activation. The removal of CD5 enhances T cell activation and proliferation, but how this is accomplished is not well understood. We examined how CD5 specifically affects CD4+ T cell metabolic function and systemic metabolome by analyzing serum and T cell metabolites from CD5WT and CD5KO mice. We found that CD5 removal depletes certain serum metabolites, and CD5KO T cells have higher levels of several metabolites. Transcriptomic analysis identified several upregulated metabolic genes in CD5KO T cells. Bioinformatic analysis identified glycolysis and the TCA cycle as metabolic pathways promoted by CD5 removal. Functional metabolic analysis demonstrated that CD5KO T cells have higher oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and higher extracellular acidification rates (ECAR). Together, these findings suggest that the loss of CD5 is linked to CD4+ T cell metabolism changes in metabolic gene expression and metabolite concentration

The nature of our literature

Scientists rely upon an accurate scientific literature in order to build and test new theories about the natural world. In the past decade, observational studies of the scientific literature have indicated that numerous questionable research practices and poor reporting practices may be hindering scientific progress. In particular, 3 recent studies have indicated an implausibly high rate of studies with positive (i.e., hypothesis confirming) results. In sports medicine, a field closely related to kinesiology, studies that tested a hypothesis indicated support for their primary hypothesis ~70% of the time. However, a study of journals that cover the entire field of kinesiology has yet to be completed, and the quality of other reporting practices, such as clinical trial registration, has not been evaluated. In this study we retrospectively evaluated 300 original research articles from the flagship journals of North America (Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise), Europe (European Journal of Sport Science), and Australia (Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport). The hypothesis testing rate (~64%) and positive result rate (~81%) were much lower than what has been reported in other fields (e.g., psychology), and there was only weak evidence for our hypothesis that the positive result rate exceeded 80%. However, the positive result rate is still considered unreasonably high. Additionally, most studies did not report trial registration, and rarely included accessible data indicating rather poor reporting practices. The majority of studies relied upon significance testing (~92%), but it was more concerning that a majority of studies (~82%) without a stated hypothesis still relied upon significance testing. Overall, the positive result rate in kinesiology is unacceptably high, despite being lower than other fields such as psychology, and most published manuscripts demonstrated subpar reporting practices