Perceptions About Hiv/aids and HIV Prevention Behaviors Among University Students in Indonesia

Background: Personal perception is one of factors that would affect health behavior of individual, including risky sexual behavior, which places university students at risk for HIV infection. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between perceptions about HIV/AIDS and HIV prevention behaviors including abstinence, be faithful, and condom use among university students in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in this study. Data were collected from 296 undergraduate students using self-administered questionnaire, which consisted of AIDS health belief questionnaire (AHBQ) and HIV prevention behaviors questions. Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Results: Roughly 36.8% of university students ever had sexual intercourse before married, 53.2% had multiple sexual partners, and 68.8% did not use a condom consistently. Perceived benefits from HIV prevention behaviors and perceived barriers to prevent HIV infection were significantly associated with abstinence (= 6.700, p<.05 and = 7.471, p<.05, respectively), and condom use (= 9.357, p<.01 and = 14.63, p<.01, respectively). However, perceived severity of HIV/AIDS, and perceived susceptibility to HIV/AIDS were not associated with abstinence, be faithful, and condom use. Conclusion: The findings suggest that HIV prevention campaigns should be designed appropriately to improve perceived benefits from HIV prevention behaviors and decrease perceived barriers to prevent HIV infection

HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENYAKIT INFEKSI DAN MALNUTRISI PADA ANAK 2-5 TAHUN

Introduction: Malnutrition is still a public health issue in Indonesia. In order to achieve Millennium Development Goals’ (MDGs) target, Indonesian government has improved the strategies to reduce the prevalence of malnutrition in children under five years old to be 15.5% in 2015. However, the prevalence of malnutrition including underweight and stunting increased from 17.9% and 35.6% in 2010 to 19.6% and 37.2% in 2013. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between infection diseases and malnutrition among children 2-5 years old. Method: A cross sectional design was used in this study. Population of the study was children 2-5 years old in Wulanggitang subdistrict, East Flores, East Nusa Tenggara. A total sample of this study was 250 children. Purposive sampling was used to select the participants. Data were collected by face-to-face interview with a questionnaire and anthropometric measurements of weight and height. Achi-square test with α≤ 0.05 was used to analyze the data. Results: This study revealed that out of 250 participants, 40.4% had malnutrition and 58.8% had diseases including diarrhea and/or acute respiratory infection in the past six months. The study also revealed that occurrence of infection diseases (χ² = 48.56,

Factors Associated with Psychological Impact of Junior High School Students after Earthquake in Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia

Objectives: To examine factors associated with psychological impact of junior high school students after earthquake in Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia. Method: This was a cross-sectional study, purposive random sampling was composed of 270 students were recruited from three Junior High Schools consist of SLTP 7, SLTP 13 and SLTP 25 in Padang West Sumatera from Mey - June 2013. The psychological impact were assessed using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) and Way of Coping questionnaire was used to measure the coping strategies. Result: Using the DASS-21 with a score of 24.4% for symptom of depression, 58.1% and 22.6% was found to suffer anxiety and stress rescpectively. Factors found to be significantly associated with depression, anxiety and stress were younger age group, but gender not associated with anxiety, socio-economic status and living arrangement not associated with depression and anxiety, loss family member and coping strategies (p<0.05). Conclusion: Additional research is needed to investigate the long- term, earthquake-related psychopathology. Nurses should receive more education about disaster-related psychological health skills to provide adequate psychological counseling and intervene successfully to assist students who survived the tragedy to optimize their psychological health status after earthquake.

Financial performance of primary care home health registered nurse visits at a general hospital, Thailand.

Financial performance of primary care home health registered nurse visits at a general hospital, Thailand

FACTORS AFFECTING HAND WASHING PRACTICE AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS IN INDONESIA

Background: Hand washing is the most effective method of preventing the transmission of diseases through hands. Objective: To identify relationships between gender, availability of hand washing facilities, perception of barriers toward hand washing compliance and subjective norm in implementing hand washing practice among students of public elementary school in Belitung district, Indonesia. Method: A cross-sectional research study was used in this study. Of 309 participants were recruited in 11 public elementary schools from 3 sub districts that has been implemented the hand washing program in Belitung, Indonesia. Purposive sampling method was used to select the participants. This study was used a self-administered questionnaire with minimal interference in order to minimize bias and by emphasizing to the students that this is not an examination. Results: The results showed that 71.8% of the students were not hand washing properly. It also showed that availability of hand washing facilities and gender were not related with hand washing behavior. In regards of barrier perception toward hand washing compliance also showed that was not related to hand washing practice among elementary schools students. However, subjective norm (χ² =4.459, p < .05) was related to hand washing practice among elementary schools students. Conclusion: Subjective norm has a significant relationship to hand washing behavior. Thus health care provider could develop specific intervention programs based on TPB to promote subjective norm among elementary schools students since this norm or perception of norm can motivate hand washing behavior among elementary schools students effectively

Factors Associated with Malaria Infection in Vibhavadi District, Surat Thani Province, Southern Thailand

Abstract his research aimed to identify the factors associated with malaria infection in Vibhavadi District, Surat Thani Province. A cross-sectional study was performed to determine the relationship between groups of malaria infection and non-malaria infection during June to December 2010. Eighty-eight samples of malaria infection group and 176 samples of non-malaria infection group were drawn from malaria clinic in Vibhavadi District, Surat Thani Province, Southern Thailand. Data collected were the results of blood test and face-to-face interviews. Multiple logistic regressions were used to analyze for risk factors of malaria infection. The results showed that the factors significantly associated with malaria infection at 95% confidence level were as follows: occupation (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.22-0.72, P-value = 0.00), education (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.05-3.39, P-value = 0.03), duration of living in the area (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.14-4.05, P-value = 0.02), and stayed out of their own residence (AOR = 2.71, 95% CI = 1.26-5.86, P-value = 0.01). The risks might be reduced by community-based health education with emphasis on malaria, targeted to comparatively highrisk groups of people. Further study could assess effects of such prevention and control measures on malaria, in the same locality

PERCEPTIONS ABOUT HIV/AIDS AND HIV PREVENTION BEHAVIORS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN INDONESIA

Background: Personal perception is one of factors that would affect health behavior of individual, including risky sexual behavior, which places university students at risk for HIV infection. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between perceptions about HIV/AIDS and HIV prevention behaviors including abstinence, be faithful, and condom use among university students in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in this study. Data were collected from 296 undergraduate students using self-administered questionnaire, which consisted of AIDS health belief questionnaire (AHBQ) and HIV prevention behaviors questions. Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Results: Roughly 36.8% of university students ever had sexual intercourse before married, 53.2% had multiple sexual partners, and 68.8% did not use a condom consistently. Perceived benefits from HIV prevention behaviors and perceived barriers to prevent HIV infection were significantly associated with abstinence (= 6.700, p&lt;.05 and = 7.471, p&lt;.05, respectively), and condom use (= 9.357, p&lt;.01 and = 14.63, p&lt;.01, respectively). However, perceived severity of HIV/AIDS, and perceived susceptibility to HIV/AIDS were not associated with abstinence, be faithful, and condom use. Conclusion: The findings suggest that HIV prevention campaigns should be designed appropriately to improve perceived benefits from HIV prevention behaviors and decrease perceived barriers to prevent HIV infection