Initial State Radiation: A success story

The investigation of events with Initial State Radiation (ISR) and subsequent Radiative Return has become an impressively successful and guiding tool in low and intermediate energy hadron physics with electron positron colliders: it allows to measure hadronic cross sections and the ratio R from threshold up to the maximum energy of the colliders running at fixed energy, to clarify reaction mechanisms and reveal substructures (intermediate states and their decay mechanisms) and to search for new highly excited mesonic states with J^{PC} = 1^{--}. While being discussed since the sixties-seventies ISR became a powerful tool for experimentalists only with the development of EVA-PHOKHARA, a Monte Carlo generator developed over almost 10 years, while increasing its complexity, which is user friendly, flexible and easy to implement into the software of existing detectors.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, PHIPSI08 conferenc

Coherent production on nuclei and measurements of total cross sections for unstable particles

The Kölbig–Margolis formula is fitted to some explicitly nonperturbative models of diffractive production. It is shown that, in spite of the fact that the standard procedure of fitting the integrated cross sections may give acceptable fits, thus obtained "cross sections of unstable particles", $\sigma_{2}$, grossly disagree with the "true" cross sections known exactly from the models

The Belle II Physics Book (Dec, 10.1093/ptep/ptz106, 2019) - correction

Autorzy: Kou, E., Urquijo, P., Altmannshofer, W., Beaujean, F., Bell, G., Beneke, M., Bigi, I.I., Bishara, F., Blanke, M., Bobeth, C., Bona, M., Brambilla, N., Braun, V.M., Brod, J., Buras, A.J., Cheng, H.Y., Chiang, C.W., Ciuchini, M., Colangelo, G., Crivellin, A., Czyz, H., Datta, A., De Fazio, F., Deppisch, T., Dolan, M.J., Evans, J., Fajfer, S., Feldmann, T., Godfrey, S., Gronau, M., Grossman, Y., Guo, F.K., Haisch, U., Hanhart, C., Hashimoto, S., Hirose, S., Hisano, J., Hofer, L., Hoferichter, M., Hou, W.S., Huber, T., Hurth, T., Jaeger, S., Jahn, S., Jamin, M., Jones, J., Jung, M., Kagan, A.L., Kahlhoefer, F., Kamenik, J.F., Kaneko, T., Kiyo, Y., Kokulu, A., Kosnik, N., Kronfeld, A.S., Ligeti, Z., Logan, H., Lu, C.D., Lubicz, V., Mahmoudi, F., Maltman, K., Mishima, S., Misiak, M., Moats, K., Moussallam, B., Nefediev, A., Nierste, U., Nomura, D., Offen, N., Olsen, S.L., Passemar, E., Paul, A., Paz, G., Petrov, A.A., Pich, A., Polosa, A.D., Pradler, J., Prelovsek, S., Procura, M., Ricciardi, G., Robinson, D.J., Roig, P., Rosiek, J., Schacht, S., Schmidt-Hoberg, K., Schwichtenberg, J., Sharpe, S.R., Shigemitsu, J., Shih, D., Shimizu, N., Shimizu, Y., Silvestrini, L., Simula, S., Smith, C., Stoffer, P., Straub, D., Tackmann, F.J., Tanaka, M., Tayduganov, A., Tetlalmatzi-Xolocotzi, G., Teubner, T., Vairo, A., Van Dyk, D., Virto, J., Was, Z., Watanabe, R., Watson, I., Westhoff, S., Zupan, J., Zwicky, R., Abudinén, F., Adachi, I., Adamczyk, K., Ahlburg, P., Aihara, H., Aloisio, A., Andricek, L., Anh Ky, N., Arndt, M., Asner, D.M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Ayad, R., Aziz, T., Baehr, S., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Ban, Y., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Behera, P., Belous, K., Bender, M., Bennett, J., Berger, M., Bernieri, E., Bernlochner, F.U., Bessner, M., Besson, D., Bettarini, S., Bhardwaj, V., Bhuyan, B., Bilka, T., Bilmis, S., Bilokin, S., Bonvicini, G., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Braun, N., Briere, R.A., Browder, T.E., Burmistrov, L., Bussino, S., Cao, L., Caria, G., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Červenkov, D., Chang, M.-C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Chekelian, V., Chen, Y., Cheon, B.G., Chilikin, K., Cho, K., Choi, J., Choi, S.-K., Choudhury, S., Cinabro, D., Cremaldi, L.M., Cuesta, D., Cunliffe, S., Dash, N., De La Cruz Burelo, E., De Lucia, E., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., De Yta Hernandez, A., Deschamps, B., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Di Capua, F., Di Carlo, S., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Domínguez Jiménez, I., Dong, T.V., Dossett, D., Duell, S., Eidelman, S., Epifanov, D., Fast, J.E., Ferber, T., Fiore, S., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Frost, O., Fulsom, B.G., Gabriel, M., Gabyshev, N., Ganiev, E., Gao, X., Gao, B., Garg, R., Garmash, A., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Geßler, T., Gebauer, U., Gelb, M., Gellrich, A., Getzkow, D., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Golob, B., Gradl, W., Graziani, E., Greco, M., Greenwald, D., Gribanov, S., Guan, Y., Guido, E., Guo, A., Halder, S., Hara, K., Hartbrich, O., Hauth, T., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hearty, C., Heredia De La Cruz, I., Hernandez Villanueva, M., Hershenhorn, A., Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hollitt, S., Hong Van, N.T., Hsu, C.-L., Hu, Y., Huang, K., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Inguglia, G., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, Y., Iwasaki, M., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W.W., Jaegle, I., Jeon, H.B., Ji, X., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, C., Künzel, M., Kadenko, I., Kahn, J., Kakuno, H., Kaliyar, A.B., Kandra, J., Kang, K.H., Kato, Y., Kawasaki, T., Ketter, C., Khasmidatul, M., Kichimi, H., Kim, J.B., Kim, K.T., Kim, H.J., Kim, D.Y., Kim, K., Kim, Y., Kimmel, T.D., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Konno, T., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kotchetkov, D., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Kroeger, R., Krohn, J.-F., Krokovny, P., Kuehn, W., Kuhr, T., Kulasiri, R., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumita, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y.-J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y.-T., Lalwani, K., Lange, J.S., Lee, S.C., Lee, J.Y., Leitl, P., Levit, D., Levonian, S., Li, S., Li, L.K., Li, Y., Li, Y.B., Li, Q., Li Gioi, L., Libby, J., Liptak, Z., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Loos, A., Lopez Castro, G., Lubej, M., Lueck, T., Luetticke, F., Luo, T., Müller, F., Müller, T., Macqueen, C., Maeda, Y., Maggiora, M., Maity, S., Manoni, E., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martinez Hernandez, M., Martini, A., Matvienko, D., Mckenna, J.A., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Miller, C., Miyabayashi, K., Miyake, H., Miyata, H., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G.B., Moon, H.K., Moon, T., Morda, A., Morii, T., Mrvar, M., Muroyama, G., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakano, T., Nakao, M., Nakayama, H., Nakazawa, H., Nanut, T., Naruki, M., Nath, K.J., Nayak, M., Nellikunnummel, N., Neverov, D., Niebuhr, C., Ninkovic, J., Nishida, S., Nishimura, K., Nouxman, M., Nowak, G., Ogawa, K., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Onuki, Y., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Pal, B., Paoloni, E., Park, H., Park, C.-S., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Paul, S., Pedlar, T.K., Perelló, M., Peruzzi, I.M., Pestotnik, R., Piilonen, L.E., Podesta Lerma, L., Popov, V., Prasanth, K., Prencipe, E., Prim, M., Purohit, M.V., Rabusov, A., Rasheed, R., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Resmi, P.K., Ripp-Baudot, I., Ritter, M., Ritzert, M., Rizzo, G., Rizzuto, L., Robertson, S.H., Rodriguez Perez, D., Roney, J.M., Rosenfeld, C., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Rummel, S., Russo, G., Sahoo, D., Sakai, Y., Salehi, M., Sanders, D.A., Sandilya, S., Sangal, A., Santelj, L., Sasaki, J., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schram, M., Schreeck, H., Schueler, J., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A.J., Seddon, R.M., Seino, Y., Senyo, K., Seon, O., Seong, I.S., Sevior, M.E., Sfienti, C., Shapkin, M., Shen, C.P., Shimomura, M., Shiu, J.-G., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J.B., Sinha, R., Skambraks, S., Smith, K., Sobie, R.J., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spruck, B., Stanič, S., Starič, M., Starinsky, N., Stolzenberg, U., Stottler, Z., Stroili, R., Strube, J.F., Stypula, J., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sumiyoshi, T., Summers, D., Sutcliffe, W., Suzuki, S.Y., Tabata, M., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tan, J., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Taniguchi, N., Tao, Y., Taras, P., Tejeda Munoz, G., Tenchini, F., Tippawan, U., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Tsuboyama, T., Uchida, M., Uehara, S., Uglov, T., Unno, Y., Uno, S., Ushiroda, Y., Usov, Y., Vahsen, S.E., Van Tonder, R., Varner, G., Varvell, K.E., Vinokurova, A., Vitale, L., Vos, M., Vossen, A., Waheed, E., Wakeling, H., Wan, K., Wang, M.-Z., Wang, X.L., Wang, B., Warburton, A., Webb, J., Wehle, S., Wessel, C., Wiechczynski, J., Wieduwilt, P., Won, E., Xu, Q., Xu, X., Yabsley, B.D., Yamada, S., Yamamoto, H., Yan, W., Yan, W., Yang, S.B., Ye, H., Yeo, I., Yin, J.H., Yonenaga, M., Yoshinobu, T., Yuan, W., Yuan, C.Z., Yusa, Y., Zakharov, S., Zani, L., Zeyrek, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhou, X., Zhukova, V., Zhulanov, V., Zupanc, A.This is a correction to: Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Volume 2019, Issue 12, December 2019, 123C01, https://doi.org/10.1093/ptep/ptz10

How to Measure Chromo-magnetic Vacuum Background Field in e+e−→jetse^{+}e^{-}\to jets, Hadron-Hadron and Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions

We propose a new type of the measurement which is sensitive to the QCD vacuum color-magnetic fluctuations: A measure of the axial assymetry of the hadronic final states produced in the high energy $e^{+}e^{-}$ collisions is related to the chromomagnetic vacuum field strength.Comment: 11 pages,latex,no figures,replaced,final version which takes into account criticisms of referees of Phys.Rev. Title of the paper was changed. The formula (14) was corrected, notation in formulae (12) and (13) changed. Also we added forgotten vectorial notations,corrected misspellings and improved the style and gramma

Extension and approximation of mm-subharmonic functions

Let $\Omega\subset \mathbb C^n$ be a bounded domain, and let $f$ be a real-valued function defined on the whole topological boundary $\partial \Omega$. The aim of this paper is to find a characterization of the functions $f$ which can be extended to the inside to a $m$-subharmonic function under suitable assumptions on $\Omega$. We shall do so by using a function algebraic approach with focus on $m$-subharmonic functions defined on compact sets. We end this note with some remarks on approximation of $m$-subharmonic functions

Superscaling in dilute Fermi gas and its relation to general properties of the nucleon momentum distribution in nuclei

The superscaling observed in inclusive electron scattering is described within the dilute Fermi gas model with interaction between the particles. The comparison with the relativistic Fermi gas (RFG) model without interaction shows an improvement in the explanation of the scaling function $f(\psi ')$ in the region $\psi ' < -1$, where the RFG result is $f(\psi ') = 0$. It is found that the behavior of $f(\psi ')$ for $\psi ' < -1$ depends on the particular form of the general power-law asymptotics of the momentum distribution $n(k)\sim 1/ k^{4+m}$ at large $k$. The best agreement with the empirical scaling function is found for $m\simeq 4.5$ in agreement with the asymptotics of $n(k)$ in the coherent density fluctuation model where $m = 4$. Thus, superscaling gives information about the asymptotics of $n(k)$ and the NN forces.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review

Event Generators for Bhabha Scattering

The results obtained by the "Event Generators for Bhabha Scattering" working group during the CERN Workshop "Physics at LEP2" (1994/1995) are presented.Comment: 70 pages, PostScript file. To appear in the Report of the Workshop on Physics at LEP2, G. Altarelli T. Sjostrand and F. Zwirner ed

First Order Static Excitation Potential: Scheme for Excitation Energies and Transition Moments

We present an approximation scheme for the calculation of the principal excitation energies and transition moments of finite many-body systems. The scheme is derived from a first order approximation to the self energy of a recently proposed extended particle-hole Green's function. A hermitian eigenvalue problem is encountered of the same size as the well-known Random Phase Approximation (RPA). We find that it yields a size consistent description of the excitation properties and removes an inconsistent treatment of the ground state correlation by the RPA. By presenting a hermitian eigenvalue problem the new scheme avoids the instabilities of the RPA and should be well suited for large scale numerical calculations. These and additional properties of the new approximation scheme are illuminated by a very simple exactly solvable model.Comment: 15 pages revtex, 1 eps figure included, corrections in Eq. (A1) and Sec. II

Determination of Matter Surface Distribution of Neutron-rich Nuclei

We demonstrate that the matter density distribution in the surface region is determined well by the use of the relatively low-intensity beams that become available at the upcoming radioactive beam facilities. Following the method used in the analyses of electron scattering, we examine how well the density distribution is determined in a model-independent way by generating pseudo data and by carefully applying statistical and systematic error analyses. We also study how the determination becomes deteriorated in the central region of the density, as the quality of data decreases. Determination of the density distributions of neutron-rich nuclei is performed by fixing parameters in the basis functions to the neighboring stable nuclei. The procedure allows that the knowledge of the density distributions of stable nuclei assists to strengthen the determination of their unstable isotopes.Comment: 41 pages, latex, 27 figure