Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. inhibition of cytosolic isozymes I and II and transmembrane, cancer-associated isozyme IX with anions.

Except for sulfonamides, metal complexing anions represent the second class of inhibitors of the zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1). The first inhibition study of the transmembrane, tumor-associated isozyme CA IX with anions is reported here. Inhibition data of the cytosolic isozymes CA I and CA II with a large number of anionic species such as halides, pseudohalides, bicarbonate, nitrate, hydrosulfide, arsenate, etc., are also provided for comparison. Isozyme IX has an inhibition profile by anions different in some aspects from those of CA I and CA II, that may have interesting physiological consequences

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Inhibition of cytosolic isozymes I and II and transmembrane, cancer-associated isozyme IX with lipophilic sulfonamides.

A series of new compounds was obtained by reaction of aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamides incorporating amino groups with N,N-diphenylcarbamoyl chloride and diphenylacetyl chloride. These sulfonamides were assayed for the inhibition of three carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isozymes: the cytosolic CA I and CA II, and the transmembrane, cancer-associated isozyme CA IX. Good inhibitors against all these isoforms were detected, and the inhibition profile of the newly investigated isozyme IX was observed to be different from that of the cytosolic isozymes, I and II. This may lead to the development of novel anticancer therapies based on the selective inhibition of CA IX

Petroleum oil removal by immobilized bacterial cells on polyurethane foam under different temperature conditions

In this work, a mixed biofilm composed by Pseudomonas monteilii P26 and Gordonia sp. H19 was formed using polyurethane foam (PUF) as immobilization support, for crude oil removal from artificial sea water. Fresh immobilized cells and immobilized cells that were stored at 4 °C for two months before use were assessed. The oil removal assays were carried out at microcosm scale at 4, 15 and 30 °C. A viability loss of P. monteilii P26 was observed after the storage. The highest removal value (75%) was obtained at 30 °C after 7 days using fresh immobilized cells on PUF. Enhanced oil bioremoval was obtained at 4 °C and 15 °C with the previously stored immobilized cells compared to the fresh immobilized cells. Crude oil sorption on the different systems was responsible for the removal of 22–33% oil at the different temperatures. In conclusion, an economic tool for petroleum bioremediation is proposed.Fil: Alessandrello, Mauricio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Juárez Tomás, María Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Raimondo, Enzo Emanuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Vullo, Diana Lia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento; ArgentinaFil: Ferrero, Marcela Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Argentin

The Messina Strait Bridge: A Challenge and a Dream

This book describes the enormous depth of work carried out since the early seventies on the Messina Strait Bridge, up to the recent award of the detailed design and construction contract. This important work has included extensive studies, concepts and design developments, with far reaching applications, which have all confirmed the feasibility of this huge endeavour and have led to the optimisation of costs and expected performance levels. Attention is focused not only on the design itself, but also on the context for the project (e.g. historical, geological, seismo-tectonic and wind conditions; structural and mechanical properties; project management and financial aspects; and environmental considerations), and on the great challenges involved. Thus, considering the innovations and specific solutions adopted in overcoming the challenges presented by constructing a world record span of 3,300 metres at this site, it becomes clear how the Messina Strait Crossing will take its place as a masterpiece in bridge engineering history. This book will be of interest to bridge and structural engineers, geotechnical and wind engineers, mechanical and earthquake engineers, graduate students in all these areas and all others with a broad interest in bridge design and engineering

[HIV and related infections in Italian penal institutions: epidemiological and health organization note]

HIV and other infections represent an important health problem in Italian jails. In particular, HIV prevalence is high, due to the characteristics of the prison population, which is constituted by a large proportion of injecting drug users and foreigners. In addition, data from other countries suggest that risky behaviour are not uncommon during imprisonment, and transmission of HIV and other infection in this setting may also occur. Data from surveys conducted by the Penitentiary Authority in Italian jails show a decline of HIV seroprevalence from 9.7% in 1990 to 2.6% in 2001. However, these data are largely incomplete and do not account for possible biases due to self-selection of inmates toward HIV serological testing or to variations in the access to screening activities. More accurate data, possibly obtained through anonymous unlinked surveys, are needed in order to better plan health services and preventive measures

Performance of genotypic tropism testing in clinical practice using the enhanced sensitivity version of Trofile as reference assay: results from the OSCAR Study Group

The goal of the OSCAR programme is to evaluate the performances of genotypic HIV-1 tropism testing in clinical practice using the enhanced sensitivity version of Trofile (ESTA) as reference-assay