Knowledge of Derivational Morphology and its Relations to Word Writing Performance

Este estudo investigou se as crianças da 1ª e 3ª séries do ensino fundamental possuem conhecimento morfológico derivacional e qual sua relação com o desempenho na escrita ortográfica de palavras isoladas. A morfologia refere-se à produção e estrutura do significado das palavras, a partir dos morfemas, que são as menores unidades de significado de uma língua. Participaram deste estudo 20 crianças de uma escola pública, sendo 12 crianças da 1ª série e oito da 3ª série. Utilizamos a tarefa de Escrita de palavras isoladas sob Ditado (T1) para avaliar a escrita ortográfica, e a de Produção de Neologismo (T2) para avaliar o conhecimento morfológico derivacional. Destacamos os seguintes resultados: ambas as séries se saíram melhor na T1 do que na T2; a 3ª obteve um desempenho superior em relação à 1ª série nas duas tarefas; essa diferença entre as séries foi maior na T2; na T1, a 3ª série se diferenciou da 1ª, principalmente, nas palavras irregulares; na T2, ambas as séries foram melhores na invenção de palavras por acréscimo de sufixos. Concluímos que as crianças das séries estudadas já possuem conhecimento inicial sobre morfologia derivacional e que este mantém relação positiva com o desempenho na escrita de palavras.This study investigated whether the children of the 1st and 3rd grade elementary school have knowledge morphological derivational, and what its relation to performance in written spelling of words alone. The morphology is the production structure and the meaning of the words from the morphemes which are the smallest units of meaning from one language. This study involved 20 children from a public municipal school, and 12 children from the 1st and eight of the 3rd grade. We used one task to evaluate the writing spelling - Writing of isolated words under Dictation, and another to assess the morphological knowledge - production of neologisms. Both series are best left with the task of dictation than in the neologism; the 3rd got a superior performance in relation to the 1st series in the two tasks; the difference between series was higher in task of neologism; the task of saying the 3rd grade is separated from the 1st mainly in writing to correct irregular words; and finally, the production of neologism noticed that 1st and 3rd grade were better in the invention of words for a fee of suffix. We conclude that children already had knowledge that the morphological and maintains positive relationship with the performance in the writing.

Anxiety and depression symptoms in university students from public institutions of higher education in Brazil during the covid-19 pandemic: a multicenter study

This is a multicenter, cross-sectional study carried out with students regularly enrolled in undergraduate courses at eight Brazilian IFES. Data collection was conducted between October 2021 and February 2022 using an online self-completed questionnaire, which addressed sociodemographic and academic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and health conditions. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Variables were analyzed descriptively using frequency distribution and Pearson’s chi-square test. To estimate the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression, the proportion and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were used. The level of adopted statistical significance was 5%

Intra-articular viscosupplementation of hyaluronic acids in an experimental osteoarthritis model

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze, from the immunohistochemical perspective, the effects of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights in an experimental model of osteoarthritis in rabbits. Methods: Forty-four male California rabbits were randomly assigned to three different groups (PR, S, and P) and submitted to the resection of the anterior cruciate ligament of the right knee. Three weeks after the surgical procedure, three intra-articular weekly injections were carried out with low-molecular-weight native hyaluronic acid (Hyalgan®) to PR group, high molecular weight branched chain hyaluronic acid (Synvisc®) to group S, and saline solution 0.9% to group P. All animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after the surgical procedure, and the tibial plateaus of the infiltrated knees were then dissected. Histological sections of cartilage from the tibial plateau support areas were stained with immunohistochemical markers in order to investigate the amount of metalloproteases (MMPs 3 and 13) and their inhibitors (TIMPs 1 and 3). The staining intensity was quantified on a Zeiss Imager.Z2 Metasystems microscope and analyzed by Metafer4 Msearch software. Results: The chondroprotective effect of the hyaluronic acids used in the study was demonstrated when compared to the control group. However, the comparison between them presented no significant statistical difference regarding chondroprotection. Conclusion: The injection of saline solution demonstrated signs of OA development, while adding native hyaluronic acid of low molecular weight (Hyalgan®) and hyaluronic acid of high molecular weight (Synvisc®) protected the articular cartilage in this model of OA

Biocompatible Microemulsion Modifies the Tissue Distribution of Doxorubicin

The incorporation of doxorubicin (DOX) in a microemulsion (DOX-ME) has shown beneficial consequences by reducing the cardiotoxic effects of DOX. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of DOX-ME in Ehrlich solid tumor (EST) and the heart, and compare it with that of free DOX. The distribution study was conducted with female Swiss mice with EST (n = 7 per group; 20-25 g). Animals received a single dose (10 mg/kg, i.p.) of DOX or DOX-ME 7 days after tumor inoculation. Fifteen minutes after administration, the animals were sacrificed, and the tumor and heart tissues were taken for immediate analysis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. No difference was observed in DOX concentration in tumor tissue between DOX and DOX-ME administration. However, the most remarkable result in this study was the statistically significant reduction in DOX concentration in heart tissue of animals given DOX-ME. Mean DOX concentration in heart tissue was 0.92 +/- 0.54 ng mg(-1) for DOX-ME and 1.85 +/- 0.34 ng mg(-1) for free DOX. In conclusion, DOX-ME provides a better tissue distribution profile, with a lower drug concentration in heart tissue but still comparable tumor drug concentration, which indicates that antitumor activity would not be compromised. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 103:3297-3301, 2014Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Efeito dos ácidos hialurônicos como condroprotetores em modelo experimental de osteoartrose

Objetivo: analisar os efeitos do ácido hialurônico de diferentes pesos moleculares em modelo experimental de osteoartrose em coelhos. Métodos: foram alojados de modo aleatório 44 coelhos da raça California, machos, em três grupos (PR, S e P) e submetidos a ressecção do ligamento cruzado anterior do joelho direito. Decorridas três semanas do procedimento cirúrgico iniciaram-se as três injeções intra-articulares semanais de ácido hialurônico nativo (Polireumin®)-PR, ácido hialurônico de cadeia ramificada (Synvisc®)-S e soro fisiológico 0,9%-P. Todos os animais foram sacrificados após 12 semanas do ato cirúrgico e os platôs tibiais dos joelhos infiltrados foram dissecados. Cortes histológicos da cartilagem das áreas de apoio com maior espessura dos platôs tibiais foram corados com Alcian Blue pH = 1,0, Alcian Blue pH = 2,5 e Azul de Toluidina para pesquisa da quantidade de proteoglicanos. A intensidade de coloração foi quantificada em um aparelho de microscopia ZeissImager Z2 Metasystems e analisada pelo software MetaferMsearch. A análise estatística consistiu no uso dos testes Kolmorov-Smirnov, análise de variância (Anova), t de Student e qui-quadrado. O nível de significância usado foi de 5%. Resultado: o efeito condroprotetor dos ácidos hialurônicos usados no estudo foi demonstrado quando comparado ao do grupo controle, porém, feita a comparação entre si, não houve diferença estatística quanto à condroproteção. Conclusão: os ácidos hialurônicos testados obtiveram efeito condroprotetor, sem diferença estatística com relação aos diferentes pesos moleculares

Microbiological quality of vegetables and sprouts sold in Brazil.

Resumo 35539

Biocompatible microemulsion modifies the pharmacokinetic profile and cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antibiotic with a broad antitumor spectrum. However, the clinical use of DOX is limited because of its cardiotoxicity, a dose-dependent effect. Colloidal drug delivery systems, such as microemulsions (MEs), allow the incorporation of drugs, modifying the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile and toxic effects. In this study, we evaluated the PK profile and cardiotoxicity of a new DOX ME (DOX-ME). The PK profile of DOX-ME was determined and compared with that of the conventional DOX after single-dose administration (6mg/kg, intravenous) in male Wistar rats (n = 12 per group). The cardiotoxicity of DOX formulations was evaluated by serum creatine kinase MB (CKMB) activity in both animal groups before and after drug administration. The plasma DOX measurements were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, and the CKMB levels were assayed using the CKMB Labtest® kit. The ME system showed a significant increase in plasma DOX concentrations and lower distribution volume when compared with conventional DOX. Serum CKMB activity increased after conventional DOX administration but was unchanged in the DOX-ME group. These results demonstrate modifications in drug access to susceptible sites using DOX-ME. DOX-ME displayed features that make it a promising system for future therapeutic application. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc