AVALIAÇÃO DE ÁREAS ELEGÍVEIS À IMPLANTAÇÃO DE PROJETOS DE MDL FLORESTAIS NA BACIA DO RIO PARDO, EM MINAS GERAIS

Forests are key to climate regulation. Based on this principle, an instrument was proposed in Kyoto, Japan – the Clean Development Mechanism – CDM – through which developed countries can meet their emission reduction goals by forestry projects financing in developing countries. For this, the starting point is to assess the CO2 sequestration potential. In this sense, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the CO2 sequestration potential and carbon credits generation through forestry CDM projects in the Pardo river basin, Minas Gerais state. The methodology consisted of mapping the eligible and suitable areas for projects implementation, through orbital images multitemporal analysis, and the simulation of forest restoration and reforestation scenarios with eucalyptus species. For forest restoration projects, the CO2 sequestration potential is about 10,215,818 t, in 20 years, which could generate more than US $102 million in carbon credits. For reforestation, the CO2 sequestration potential is about 12 million tons in six years, and would generate about US$ 120 million. A mixed scenario, with projects in both modalities, was considered ideal for the basin.No Protocolo de Quito, ratificado em 1997, foi proposto um instrumento de mitigação climática - o Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo (MDL) - em que países desenvolvidos podem cumprir suas metas de redução de emissões financiando projetos florestais em países em desenvolvimento. O ponto de partida consiste na avaliação do potencial de sequestro de CO2 de áreas elegíveis. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de sequestro CO2 e de geração de créditos de carbono na bacia do Rio Pardo, MG, a partir de projetos de MDL florestais. A metodologia consistiu no mapeamento das áreas elegíveis à implantação de projetos, via análise multitemporal de imagens orbitais, e na simulação de cenários de restauração florestal e reflorestamento com eucalipto. Para restauração florestal, o potencial de sequestro de CO2 foi de, aproximadamente, 10.215.818 Mg, em 20 anos, podendo gerar mais de US$102 milhões em créditos de carbono. Para reflorestamento, o potencial de sequestro de CO2 foi de, aproximadamente, 12.000.000 Mg, em seis anos, e geraria cerca de US$120.000.000. Um cenário misto foi considerado o ideal para a bacia e a metodologia adotada é viável para avaliação em caráter prospectivo, podendo ser consolidada com a utilização de parâmetros locais de biomassa. Palavras-chave: mudanças climáticas; florestas; sequestro de carbono; geoprocessamento.   Evaluation of eligible areas for forest CDM projects implementation in the Pardo River basin, in Minas Gerais, Brazil   ABSTRACT: An instrument for climate changes mitigation was proposed in Kyoto Protocol, ratified in 1997 – the Clean Development Mechanism – CDM – through which developed countries can meet their emission reduction goals by forestry projects financing in developing countries. For this, the starting point is to assess the CO2 sequestration potential of the eligible areas. In this sense, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the CO2 sequestration potential and carbon credits generation through forestry CDM projects in the Pardo river basin, Minas Gerais state. The methodology consisted of mapping the eligible and suitable areas for projects implementation, through orbital images multitemporal analysis, and the simulation of forest restoration and reforestation scenarios with eucalyptus species. For forest restoration projects, the CO2 sequestration potential is about 10,215,818 Mg, in 20 years, which could generate more than US $102,000,000 in carbon credits. For reforestation, the CO2 sequestration potential is about 12,000,000 Mg in six years, and would generate about US$ 120,000,000. A mixed scenario, with projects in both modalities, was considered ideal for the basin and the proposed methodology is feasible for prospective evaluation, and can be consolidated using local biomass parameters. Keywords: climatic change; forests; carbon sequestration; geoprocessing

ANÁLISE TÉCNICA DOS SISTEMAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO DO CAFEEIRO (Coffea arabica L.) NA REGIÃO OESTE DA BAHIA

This study aimed to evaluate the uniformity of 27 irrigation systems with 7 as drip and 20 as central pivot, located in 12properties distributed in three counties of western Bahia. Of the 20 central pivot irrigation systems evaluated, 11 were equipped withsprinklers such as “Low Energy Precision Application” (LEPA), five with alternative sprinklers and four conventional sprinklers. Wedetermined the Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient (CUC) and the coefficient uniformity of distribution (CUD) of each system. Of thecentral pivots evaluated, only two (10%) had CUC values below 80%, which is considered unsuitable. Of the seven drip irrigationsystems evaluated, only one showed an unacceptable CUD value. The average value of CUD found during the evaluations, for thecentral pivot irrigation system with sprinklers equipped with LEPA was higher than the value given by drip. The central pivots withlocalized application (LEPA and alternative) had higher values of uniformity than the conventional central pivots.No presente trabalho, objetivou-se a avaliação da uniformidade de aplicação de 27 sistemas de irrigação, sendo sete porgotejamento e 20 por pivô central, localizados em 12 propriedades de cafeicultores distribuídas em três municípios da região oeste daBahia. Dos 20 sistemas de irrigação por pivô central avaliados, 11 foram pivôs equipados com emissores do tipo “Low EnergyPrecision Application” (LEPA), cinco com emissores alternativos e quatro eram pivôs centrais convencionais. Determinaram-se oCoeficiente de Uniformidade de Christiansen (CUC) e o Coeficiente de Uniformidade de Distribuição (CUD) de cada sistema. Dospivôs centrais avaliados, apenas dois (10%) apresentaram valores de CUC abaixo de 80%, considerados inadequados. Dos setesistemas de irrigação localizada por gotejamento avaliados, apenas um exibiu valor de CUD considerado inaceitável. O valor médio deCUD encontrado, durante as avaliações, no sistema de irrigação por pivô central equipado com emissores LEPA foi superior ao valorapresentado pelo sistema de gotejamento. Os pivôs centrais de aplicação localizada (LEPA e alternativos) apresentaram valores deuniformidade superiores aos dos pivôs centrais convencionai

Efeitos da irrigação na produção e no desenvolvimento do cafeeiro na região oeste da Bahia

Irrigation redesigned the distribution of the cultivation of coffee in Brazil, and upon this, new studies in water consumption and in its relationships with production and growth in coffee became necessary. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of irrigation on the production and growth in coffee irrigated by drip irrigation, in the West region of Bahia. For this, a trial was carried out in the farm Café do Rio Branco, located in Barreiras – BA. The experiment was caried out with adult plants of coffee of the variety Catuaí Vermelho, approximately 3.5 years old and set up in a randomized block design, with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments corresponded to 75, 85, 100, 125 and 150% of the irrigation depth and were calculated by the Irriplus software. It was evaluated the productivity, water use efficiency (WUE), vegetative development, sieve classification, as well as the yield and maturation of fruits. A significant effect of the irrigation depth in yield, WUE and maturation of fruits (green and cherry) was observed at the end of four consecutive harvests. The estimated maximum productivity (60 sc ha-1), was obtained with 129% of the irrigation depth and a maximum WUE (5.7 kg mm-1) obtained with 75%. As to maturation, they were significant only for green (19.7%) and cherry fruits (67.5) with the irrigation depths of 119 and 121%, respectively. There was no significant effect of the different irrigation depths in the vegetative development, sieve classification and yield of fruits.A irrigação redesenhou a distribuição das lavouras cafeeiras no Brasil e com isso tornaram-se necessários novos estudos de consumo de água e suas relações com a produção e crescimento do cafeeiro. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da irrigação sobre a produção e o desenvolvimento do cafeeiro irrigado por gotejamento na região Oeste da Bahia. Para isso foi implantado um experimento na fazenda Café do Rio Branco, localizada em Barreiras – BA, em cafeeiros adultos, aproximadamente 3,5 anos de idade, da variedade Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144. O experimento foi montado no delineamento em blocos casualizados, composto de 5 tratamentos, correspondentes à 75, 85, 100, 125 e 150% da lâmina de irrigação calculada pelo software Irriplus. Observou-se, ao final de quatro safras, efeito significativo da lâmina de irrigação na produtividade do cafeeiro. A produtividade máxima estimada (60 sc ha-1) foi obtida com a lâmina correspondente a 122% da lâmina de irrigação. Não houve efeito das diferentes lâminas de irrigação no desenvolvimento vegetativo, na classificação por peneira, no rendimento e na maturação dos frutos do cafeeiro

Development and production of fertigated coffee trees in the west region of Bahia, Brazil

This work was to evaluate the effects of different doses and fertigation parceling on the production and development of irrigated coffee drip in the Western Bahia region. He carried out the work on the farm White River Café, located in Barreiras - BA in coffee adults, approximately 3.5 years of age, Catuaí IAC 144. The experiment was conducted in a factorial 3 x 3, three levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (900/800, 600/500 and 300/250 kg ha-1 yr-1 N and K2O) in 3 monthly installments of fertigation (2, 4 and 8 times). The variables in the experiment were: productivity, growth, yield and sieve. The doses of 600/500 and 900/800 kg ha-1 yr-1 N / K2O, the highest yield of the coffee. The installments of fertigation at two and eight times per month were higher in productivity. A higher effect of splitting the fertigation, on the effect of N and K2O in the coffee development variables (crown diameter and plant height). There was no effect of dose and fertigation parceling on rating sieve of coffee beans.The aim in the present study was to evaluate the effects of different split fertigation and doses on the development and production of drip irrigated coffee in the western region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. The study was performed at the Café do Rio Branco Farm, in Barreiras, BA, Brazil, in adult coffee trees aged approximately 3.5 years from the variety Catuaí IAC 144. A 3 x 3 factorial design was adopted, with three levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (900/800, 600/500 and 300/250 kg ha-1 year-1 N and K2O) in three monthly split fertigation (two, four and eight times). Stem and crown growth, productivity, yield and sieve were evaluated. The doses of 600/500 and 900/800 kg ha-1 year-1 N/K2O and the splits in two and eight times provided the highest productivities of coffee. A higher split fertigation was observed on the effect of N and K2O doses in coffee development variables (crown diameter and plant height). There was no effect of split fertigation and doses in the classification by sieves of coffee beans

Comparação entre métodos simplificados de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) para regiões produtoras de café brasileiras

This work aimed to estimate and compare two simplified methods to estimate the reference evapotranspiration – Eto, Hargreaves-Samani (HS) and FAO-Blaney-Criddle, (BC) to the Penman-Monteith-FAO (PM) method. The results of the estimates were obtained on the basis of climatic data available at each location under study, using Irriplus software. The cities of interest for the study were selected according to the representativeness of the characteristics of the region between the main brazilian producing centers of coffee: Cerrado, East, South and Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais state, west and southwest of Bahia state, and the cities chosen were Araguari, Patrocínio, Caratinga, Lavras, Varginha, Viçosa, in Minas Gerais state, and Vitoria da Conquista and Barreiras, Bahia state. In all locations, HS equation best fit to the equation of PM, this being recommended for irrigation management in conditions of limited availability of climate data. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos estimar e comparar a evapotranspiração de referência - ETo de dois métodos simplificados, Hargreaves-Samani (HS) e Blaney-Criddle-FAO (BC), com o método Penman-Monteith-FAO (PM). Os resultados das estimativas foram obtidos em função dos dados climáticos disponíveis de cada localidade em estudo, com o auxílio do aplicativo Irriplus. As cidades de interesse para o estudo foram selecionadas de acordo com a representatividade das características da região entre os principais centros produtores brasileiros de café: Cerrado, Leste, Sul e Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais, Oeste e Sudoeste da Bahia, sendo as cidades escolhidas: Araguari, Patrocínio, Caratinga, Lavras, Varginha e Viçosa, em Minas Gerais; e Vitória da Conquista e Barreiras, na Bahia. Em todas as localidades, a equação de HS se ajustou melhor à equação de PM, sendo esta a recomendável para o manejo da irrigação em condições limitadas de disponibilidade de dados climáticos.

O mercado da identidade. O nativismo entre o colecionismo e as galerias durante o século XX

El presente artículo indagará en la presencia y circulación del nativismo en el mercado de arte argentino, entre 1910 y 1970. Para ello, realizaré una reconstrucción del contexto de surgimiento del nativismo como campo temático y, posteriormente, abordaré dos casos que se constituyen como paradigmas de su supervivencia: la trayectoria de Jorge Bermúdez (uno de los primeros artistas nativistas en alcanzar la consagración) y la obra de Antonio Berni (que circuló por el mercado durante la segunda mitad del siglo). Como hipótesis general, sostengo que la prolongada vida del nativismo se correspondió con una presencia constante de estas obras en colecciones y galerías privadas.This paper will inquire the presence and circulation of nativism in the Argentine art market between 1910 and 1970. To that end, I will first reconstruct the context of emergence of nativism as a thematic field and, later, I will address two cases which constitute paradigms of survival—the trajectory of Jorge Bermúdez (one of the first nativist artists to achieve success) and the work of Antonio Berni (which circulated through the market during the second half of the century). As a general hypothesis, I will maintain that the prolonged life of nativism was accompanied by a constant presence of these works in private collections and galleries.O presente artigo investigará a presença e a circulação do nativismo no mercado da arte argentino, entre 1910 e 1970. Para tanto, realizarei uma reconstrução do contexto de surgimento do nativismo como campo temático e, posteriormente, ocupar-me-ei de dois casos que se constituem como paradigmas da sua sobrevivência: a trajetória de Jorge Bermúdez (um dos primeiros artistas nativistas que alcançaram consagração) e a obra de Antonio Berni (que circulou pelo mercado durante a segunda metade do século). Como hipótese geral, sustento que a prolongada vida do nativismo corresponde a uma presença constante dessas obras em coleções e galerias privadas.Fil: Fasce, Pablo Javier. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Centro de Investigaciones en Arte y Patrimonio. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Arte y Patrimonio; Argentin

VIII Encuentro de Docentes e Investigadores en Historia del Diseño, la Arquitectura y la Ciudad

Acta de congresoLa conmemoración de los cien años de la Reforma Universitaria de 1918 se presentó como una ocasión propicia para debatir el rol de la historia, la teoría y la crítica en la formación y en la práctica profesional de diseñadores, arquitectos y urbanistas. En ese marco el VIII Encuentro de Docentes e Investigadores en Historia del Diseño, la Arquitectura y la Ciudad constituyó un espacio de intercambio y reflexión cuya realización ha sido posible gracias a la colaboración entre Facultades de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño de la Universidad Nacional y la Facultad de Arquitectura de la Universidad Católica de Córdoba, contando además con la activa participación de mayoría de las Facultades, Centros e Institutos de Historia de la Arquitectura del país y la región. Orientado en su convocatoria tanto a docentes como a estudiantes de Arquitectura y Diseño Industrial de todos los niveles de la FAUD-UNC promovió el debate de ideas a partir de experiencias concretas en instancias tales como mesas temáticas de carácter interdisciplinario, que adoptaron la modalidad de presentación de ponencias, entre otras actividades. En el ámbito de VIII Encuentro, desarrollado en la sede Ciudad Universitaria de Córdoba, se desplegaron numerosas posiciones sobre la enseñanza, la investigación y la formación en historia, teoría y crítica del diseño, la arquitectura y la ciudad; sumándose el aporte realizado a través de sus respectivas conferencias de Ana Clarisa Agüero, Bibiana Cicutti, Fernando Aliata y Alberto Petrina. El conjunto de ponencias que se publican en este Repositorio de la UNC son el resultado de dos intensas jornadas de exposiciones, cuyos contenidos han posibilitado actualizar viejos dilemas y promover nuevos debates. El evento recibió el apoyo de las autoridades de la FAUD-UNC, en especial de la Secretaría de Investigación y de la Biblioteca de nuestra casa, como así también de la Facultad de Arquitectura de la UCC; va para todos ellos un especial agradecimiento

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation