Perfil dos consumidores de alimentos orgânicos das feiras agroecológicas do estado de São Paulo

Adherence to organic food consumption by the population has increased in recent times, with the highlight the expansion agroecological fairs, allowing greater accessibility of the population to organic food. Thus, it performed a descriptive observational research in order to know the profile of consumers of organic food of agroecology fairs in the state of São Paulo. The survey was conducted in four organic fairs, attended by all the 60 individuals over 18 years of both sexes, which was the questionnaire related to the consumption of organic food. The results enabled the analysis of socio-demographic profile of consumers, frequency of consumption, incidence of comorbidities and motivation of consumption. There has been a population represented most keenly by women with high education level, monthly income from 6 to 10 minimum wages, with low incidence or absence of chronic diseases and to consider the cost-effectiveness as the primary motivating factor for consumption of these foods.  A adesão ao consumo de alimentos orgânicos pela população vem aumentando nos últimos tempos, tendo como destaque a expansão feiras agroecológicas, permitindo maior acessibilidade da população aos alimentos orgânicos. Sendo assim, foi realizado pesquisa observacional descritiva com o objetivo de conhecer o perfil dos consumidores de alimentos orgânicos das feiras agroecológicas do Estado de São Paulo. A pesquisa foi realizada em quatro feiras orgânicas, onde participaram ao todo 60 indivíduos maiores de 18 anos de ambos os sexos, onde foi aplicado questionário relacionado ao consumo de alimentos orgânicos. Os resultados possibilitaram a análise do perfil sociodemográfico dos consumidores, frequência de consumo, incidência de comorbidades e motivação de consumo. Observa-se uma população representada maiormente pelo sexo feminino, com nível de escolaridade elevado, renda familiar mensal de 6 a 10 salários mínimos, com baixa incidência ou ausência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e que consideram o custo-benefício como principal fator motivacional para o consumo destes alimentos

Desempenho e características da carcaça de novilhos alimentados com silagem de diferentes híbridos de milho

Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o consumo de matéria seca, a digestibilidade aparente da dieta, o ganho de peso médio diário, assim como as características da carcaça e seus componentes não integrantes, de novilhos terminados em confinamento alimentados com silagens dos híbridos de milho P2530, P30B39 H e P30R50 H. As dietas foram formuladas com silagem de milho e concentrado comercial com razão 50:50 na base seca. O experimento utilizou 36 novilhos inteiros cruza ½ Angus, com idade média de 12 meses e peso vivo médio inicial de 372 kg. O nível de NDT apresentou diferença entre os tratamentos (P<0,05), tendo o híbrido P30R50 H gerado 66,57% contra 62,97% do híbrido P2530. Os percentuais de digestibilidade aparente da dieta variaram de 68,65% (P2530) a 72,24% (P30B39 H), havendo diferença significativa entre os híbridos (P<0,05). Não houve interação significativa entre híbrido x período para nenhuma das variáveis de desempenho, porém, o GMD do primeiro período (1,282 kg) foi estatisticamente inferior aos dois próximos, com valores médios de 1,518 e 1,535 kg, respectivamente. Apesar dos híbridos de milho P30R50 H e P30B39 H terem apresentado maiores valores de NDT e digestibilidade aparente, tais resultados foram incapazes de gerar diferença em relação ao desempenho dos animais, tampouco nas características da carcaça

Doses of enzyme complex in a high-energy diet on performance and carcass traits of feedlot steers

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the production performance and carcass traits of feedlot steers fed a high-energy diet supplemented with doses of an enzyme complex (0, 2.5, 5.0, and, 7.5 g animal−1 day−1). Thirty-two ½ Angus ½ Nellore crossbred steers at an average age of 12 months and an average initial weight of 422 kg, were kept in a feedlot for 77 days. The roughage-free diet was composed of a mixture of whole corn grain and a protein-mineral-vitamin mix at a constant ratio of 85:15, on a dry matter basis. A completely randomized block design was adopted, consisting of four treatments and four replicates, in which each replicate was represented by a stall with two animals. Each gram of product added to the diet led to a decrease of 0.0818 kg in daily dry matter intake (DMI), whereas fat thickness at the ribs and at the hindquarter increased by 0.3850 and 0.080 mm, respectively. Feed efficiency increased by 0.0054 kg BW kg DMI−1 per gram of enzyme added. Apparent dry matter digestibility had a quadratic response, with maximum digestion manifested at the dose of 4.78 g animal−1 day−1. The gradual inclusion of enzyme complex reduces the DMI but increases feed efficiency and carcass fat cover of feedlot steers

Genome sequencing and assessment of plant growth-promoting properties of a Serratia marcescens strain isolated from vermicompost

Abstract Background Plant-bacteria associations have been extensively studied for their potential in increasing crop productivity in a sustainable manner. Serratia marcescens is a species of Enterobacteriaceae found in a wide range of environments, including soil. Results Here we describe the genome sequencing and assessment of plant growth-promoting abilities of S. marcescens UENF-22GI, a strain isolated from mature cattle manure vermicompost. In vitro, S. marcescens UENF-22GI is able to solubilize P and Zn, to produce indole compounds (likely IAA), to colonize hyphae and counter the growth of two phytopathogenic fungi. Inoculation of maize with this strain remarkably increased seedling growth and biomass under greenhouse conditions. The S. marcescens UENF-22GI genome has 5 Mb, assembled in 17 scaffolds comprising 4662 genes (4528 are protein-coding). No plasmids were identified. S. marcescens UENF-22GI is phylogenetically placed within a clade comprised almost exclusively of non-clinical strains. We identified genes and operons that are likely responsible for the interesting plant-growth promoting features that were experimentally described. The S. marcescens UENF-22GI genome harbors a horizontally-transferred genomic island involved in antibiotic production, antibiotic resistance, and anti-phage defense via a novel ADP-ribosyltransferase-like protein and possible modification of DNA by a deazapurine base, which likely contributes to its competitiveness against other bacteria. Conclusions Collectively, our results suggest that S. marcescens UENF-22GI is a strong candidate to be used in the enrichment of substrates for plant growth promotion or as part of bioinoculants for agriculture

Xylanase - complex efficacy in high-energy diet for bulls finished in feedlot

<div><p>ABSTRACT. Enzymes can be an interesting additive in high energy diets for feedlot cattle. However, literature is inconsistent on this subject. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate animal performance of feedlot bulls receiving high energy diet, composed of a mixture of 85% whole corn grain and 15% protein-mineral-vitamin nucleus, without or with xylanase included in the diets. Diets consisted of: CON - diet without enzymes (Control) and ENZ - diet with enzymes (5 g animal day-1). Thirty-two bulls were used, with an average age of 11 ( 2 months, average initial weight of 365 ( 5 kg, and finished for 119 days in feedlot. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of two treatments and eight replications, where each replication was represented by a stall with two animals. ENZ increased the weight gain (1.69 vs. 1.33 kg day-1) and improved the feed conversion (4.60 vs. 6.03 kg-1) in the adaptation period of the animals. Animals receiving ENZ increased 1.65% of carcass yield and were 7.57% more efficient in the conversion of dry matter consumed into carcass gain in relation to CON. Carcass traits of feedlot-finished bulls were not altered by inclusion of enzymes. Xylanase-complex could increase efficiency in feedlot bulls.</p></div

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data