636 research outputs found
Deskriptivität als Subtyp lexikalischer Motivation : eine quantitative Studie in Synchronie und Diachronie
Im ersten Teil wird zunächst die wenige Forschungsliteratur zum Thema Deskriptivität selbst und eng verwandten Themen vorgestellt und besprochen. Daraus soll sich im Anschluss auch eine Definition des Begriffes ergeben, die weit genug gefasst ist, um die übliche Verwendungsweise des Begriffs bei Autoren, die ihn zwar benutzen, aber nicht theoretisch behandeln, zu erfassen, die sich aber andererseits dennoch in klar definierten und nachvollziehbaren Grenzen bewegt. Dabei soll weiterhin deutlich werden, dass es sich bei Deskriptivität um ein prinzipiell in allen Sprachen anzutreffendes Phänomen handelt, dass sich aber die Frequenz deskriptiver Ausdrücke von Sprache zu Sprache stark unterscheiden kann. Dabei werde ich Daten aus ausgewählten Sprachen einbeziehen und eine quantitative Analyse des Ausmaßes, mit dem verschiedene Sprachen von deskriptiven Bildungen Gebrauch machen vorstellen. Der zweite Hauptteil der Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit folgender Frage: Wenn jede Sprache zu einem gewissen Grad von deskriptiven Benennungen Gebrauch macht, welche Mechanismen des Sprachwandels gibt es, die die Position einer Sprache auf dieser Skala in die eine oder die andere Richtung verändern können
Lost Languages of the Peruvian North Coast
This book is about the original indigenous languages of the Peruvian North Coast, likely associated with the important pre-Columbian societies of the coastal deserts, but poorly documented and now irrevocably lost Sechura and Tallán in Piura, Mochica in Lambayeque and La Libertad, and further south Quingnam, perhaps spoken as far south as the Central Coast. The book presents the original distribution of these languages in early colonial times, discusses available and lost sources, and traces their demise as speakers switched to Spanish at different points of time after conquest. To the extent possible, the book also explores what can be learned about the sound system, grammar, and lexicon of the North Coast languages from the available materials. It explores what can be said on past language contacts and the linguistic areality of the North Coast and Northern Peru as a whole, and asks to what extent linguistic boundaries on the North Coast can be projected into the pre-Columbian past
Towards Multi-Modal DBMSs for Seamless Querying of Texts and Tables
In this paper, we propose Multi-Modal Databases (MMDBs), which is a new class
of database systems that can seamlessly query text and tables using SQL. To
enable seamless querying of textual data using SQL in an MMDB, we propose to
extend relational databases with so-called multi-modal operators (MMOps) which
are based on the advances of recent large language models such as GPT-3. The
main idea of MMOps is that they allow text collections to be treated as tables
without the need to manually transform the data. As we show in our evaluation,
our MMDB prototype can not only outperform state-of-the-art approaches such as
text-to-table in terms of accuracy and performance but it also requires
significantly less training data to fine-tune the model for an unseen text
collection
Microscopic models for Kitaev's sixteenfold way of anyon theories
In two dimensions, the topological order described by gauge
theory coupled to free or weakly interacting fermions with a nonzero spectral
Chern number is classified by as predicted by
Kitaev [Ann. Phys. 321, 2 (2006)]. Here we provide a systematic and complete
construction of microscopic models realizing this so-called sixteenfold way of
anyon theories. These models are defined by matrices satisfying the
Clifford algebra, enjoy a global symmetry, and live on
either square or honeycomb lattices depending on the parity of . We show
that all these models are exactly solvable by using a Majorana representation
and characterize the topological order by calculating the topological spin of
an anyonic quasiparticle and the ground-state degeneracy. The possible
relevance of the and models to materials with
Kugel-Khomskii-type spin-orbital interactions is discussed.Comment: 6+9 pages, 2+1 figures, published versio
From metastable to stable modifications-in situ Laue diffraction investigation of diffusion processes during the phase transitions of (GeTe)(n)Sb2Te3 (6 < n < 15) crystals.
Temperature dependent phase transitions of compounds (GeTe)nSb2Te3 (n = 6, 12, 15) have been investigated by in situ microfocus Laue diffraction. Diffusion processes involving cation defect ordering at B300 8C lead to different nanostructures which are correlated to changes of the thermoelectric characteristics
Clip and snare lifting technique to assist cannulation of a papilla hidden behind a mucosal fold
No abstract availabl
Notes on YurumanguĂ grammar and lexicon
In this article, I offer a contribution to the philological study of premodern materials of languages of South America that have already become extinct. I am concerned with the YurumanguĂ language, whose speakers were encountered in the 18th century in the western lowlands of Colombia by a Spanish expedition. This encounter resulted in the production of a short collection of words and phrases by a priest which is analyzed here anew. Problems of inconsistent and likely highly inadequate orthographic representation of the speech of the YurumanguĂ informants and other problems, in this case, make it highly difficult to arrive at consistent analyses, as I show throughout my highly tentative discussion of nominal and verbal morphosyntax. I also offer external comparisons for some of the available YurumanguĂ lexical material. Far from being able to demonstrate the genetic connections of the language, such comparisons do allow to identify items the YurumanguĂ language shared with neighboring languages and hence to situate it within the former linguistic ecology of this part of South America
Theory of a Magnetically-Controlled Quantum-Dot Spin Transistor
We examine transport through a quantum dot coupled to three ferromagnetic
leads in the regime of weak tunnel coupling. A finite source-drain voltage
generates a nonequilibrium spin on the otherwise non-magnetic quantum dot. This
spin accumulation leads to magnetoresistance. A ferromagnetic but current-free
base electrode influences the quantum-dot spin via incoherent spin-flip
processes and coherent spin precession. As the dot spin determines the
conductance of the device, this allows for a purely magnetic transistor-like
operation. We analyze the effect of both types of processes on the electric
current in different geometries.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
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