The insight of domestic violence from the perspective of female victims in Ebiraland, Nigeria

Domestic violence has been recognised as a global social problem and serious human rights violation. Literature has indicated harmful effects of violence on women, children, and the society in general. The problem of domestic violence in Ebiraland is at an alarming rate while the absence of significant studies of its factors and effects has been exhaustive. This study explores the perceptions of the Muslim women about domestic violence and examines the factors associated with it in Ebiraland. The views of Muslim women and suggestions are crucial in understanding the effects of domestic violence on women and children, and the nature of mechanisms needed in preventing the violence. This is a qualitative research. The data were obtained through in-depth semi structured interviews. Twenty informants were purposively selected from Adavi, Ajaokuta, Okehi and Okene Local Government Areas of Kogi State, Nigeria. Thematic content analysis approach was applied in this study where themes that emerged were analysed using NVivo software. The findings show that poverty, polygamy, infertility and change in religion are the main contributors to domestic violence in Ebiraland. The study also established that the elevated level of criminal in Ebiraland is significantly associated with domestic violence in matrimonial relationships. It was further revealed that women had a perception that domestic violence affect their physical, mental and reproductive life. The women also felt that socio-cultural norms gave rise to domestic violence in Ebiraland. This study contributed significantly to the perspectives on factors and effects of domestic violence against women and children. It is suggested that preventive interventions such as legislation, employment and women empowerment are essential in breaking the cycle of violence. Muslim leaders’ role of preaching and counselling the couples should be improved to ensure women’s safety

Evaluation Of Palm Oil Potentiality As A Liquid Dielectric Fluid In High Voltage Applications

Electrical insulating and dielectrical materials can be broadly divided into; gaseous, liquids, vacuum and solids. These materials are widely used in electrical components like, circuit breakers, transformers, cables and capacitors. Liquids dielectrics in particular are preferred because of their ability to have self-cure to situations leading to partial or total discharges. Petroleum and mineral based fluids have, for almost half a centuary, been used for cooling and insulation purposes. Their popularity stems out of their availability and cheapness. However recent evidence has shown deficiencies with these fluids. They have low properties especially flash and fire points and most importantly low dielectric break down voltage. The most serious of these shortcomings is the inability to meet up with health and environmental laws. This is because they are not organic and hence not biodegradable; their spillage takes very long time to decompose. These developments have led to seeking alternatives in vegetable based fluids. The fluids that have been tested and to be used as dielectric fluids include Castor oil, Coconut oil, Soya bean oil, and Rapeseed oil. The present work has measured the properties of palm oil against the IEEE C637 and ASTM D section for possible use as a dielectric fluid. The results show that refined palm oil has break down voltage of 75 KV/mm, flash point (>220), fire point (>220) and moisture content (0.08%). Hence these have shown the potential of palm oil as a dielectric fluid. However future work should focus on further investigation before field application. Malaysia as country stands a lot of gains in this type of research, since it is the world leader in the palm oil production

Police-Public Media Relations: Issues and Challenges

Police-Public relations is the subject of Police-Media Relations. The Police and the media are two institutions that are aimed at ensuring that the society lives well based on lawful and orderly conduct in the interest of justice, fairness and development of the society. The two institutions require information from the public to perform their duties prudently and diligently. However,  they differ in orientation, operational techniques, platforms and public perception. A typical scenario for instance, if there is an uprising, attack, disaster or any such unfortunate occurence, members of the public will be running to safer areas.  It is common see the Police and the media are pushing their way forward into that ‘danger zone’ to perform their individual responsibilities. Both the Police and the media depend on sources for information to facilitate their work, though they differ significantly in approaching the subject matter; thus the Police interrogate to get information, the journalist on the otherhand, interviews to secure information. It is undeniable fact that, the two institutions require each other in the performance of their responsibilities and therefore need to develop a harmonious and cordial relations. One fact is that the Police have bags of information that the media require, likewise, the Police require the visibility and bridge that the media provide to link them with the society in a positive manner in order to have a goodwill from the public. Daily, the media reports on issues partaining crime or about the Police, the crime news and other sensational events excite the public and it enables them to appreciate the effort of the government or that of the Police on crime prevention and control. These inevitably indicates that the media and the police must work together. However, over the years there exists a mixed relation between them, this paper identifies those challenges affecting the duo relations and recommends ways to overcome those challenges. Keywords: Police;  Media and public relations challenges

Effect of Resource Factors and Quality of Instruction on Performance in Mathematics of Nigeria Secondary School Students

It seems that Nigeria's educational system has been undergoing improvement only on quantitative when it comes to the number of enrolments in students and schools. However, little effort has been put in place in terms of capacity (physical and material resources, human and financial resources) to manage high enrollment. Resources capacity in secondary schools was nothing to write home about. Most of these resources in secondary school were dilapidated. To worsen the scenario, the scarce resources allocated to these schools are grossly inadequate compared to students' enrollment and come late to the end-users in the public secondary schools. The various stakeholders in the education sector express stern concern about the consistently poor performance of students in secondary schools, especially in mathematics. Since secondary school education is expected to be free by the government, coupled with population increase, it is reasonable for people to take advantage of the free education program. Although the government and private sector of education keep providing qualified teaching staff and non-teaching staff, students in secondary schools still face poor performance in mathematics. The effect of all these on the academic performance in Nigeria's mathematics secondary school students concerns researchers of this empirical work. It is based on these issues and many more that this work sought to empirically investigate the impact of resource factors and quality of instruction on the performance of Nigeria secondary school students in mathematics

The Impacts of Oil Price and Exchange Rate on Food Prices in Nigeria

This empirical research examined the interconnecting relationship between oil price, exchange rate and food prices in Nigeria. The study applied annual time series data from 1972 to 2016. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) techniques were used in the process of estimating the model. The main results disclosed that there is a long run association among the considered variables. The error correction term indicates significant negative sign. Among the two independent variables in the model, exchange rate is affecting food price more than the oil price counterpart since some of the food items are imported. The result has robust implication on policy recommendations in Nigeria. Food production has a vital role in influencing food prices in Nigeria. The Central Bank of Nigeria must consider exchange rate as a factor influencing food price in its quest for achieving inflation target. Keywords Oil price; exchange rate; food price; ARDL; Nigeria DOI: 10.7176/JESD/10-8-08 Publication date: April 30th 201

A modified ratio-product estimator of population mean using some known parameters of the auxiliary variable

The estimation of population mean is one of the challenging aspects in sampling theory and population study and much effort has been vigorously employed to improve the precision of estimates. In this research work, a modified ratio-product estimator of population mean Y of the study variable Y using median and coefficient of variation of the auxiliary variabl X , in simple random sampling scheme is proposed. The expression of bias and MSE of the proposed estimator have been obtained under large sample approximation, asymptotically optimum estimator (AOE) is identified with its approximate MSE formula. Estimator based on “estimated optimum values” was also investigated. Theoretical and empirical comparison of proposed estimator with some other ratio and product estimators justified the performance of the proposed estimators. A minimum of 20 percent reduction in the MSE were observed from each of the existing estimators considered. It is found that the proposed estimator were uniformly better than all other modified ratio and product estimators and thus most preferred over the existing estimators for the use in practical application.Keywords: Finite population mean, bias, mean square error, auxiliary variable, optimum estimator, study variabl

Effects of Water Deficit on Growth, Biomass Allocation and Photosynthesis of A. senegal Seedlings from Nguru and Gujba Provinces of Yobe State, North Eastern Nigeria

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Modified ratio-product estimator of population mean in the presence of median and coefficient of variation of the auxiliary variable in stratified random sampling

For the past decades, the estimation of population mean is one of the challenging aspects in sampling survey techniques and much effort has been employed to improve the precision of estimates. In this research work, we proposed a modified ratio-product estimator of population mean of the variable of interest using median and coefficient of variation of the auxiliary variable in stratified random sampling scheme. The expression of bias and MSE of the proposed estimator have been obtained under large sample approximation, asymptotically optimum estimator (AOE) is identified with its approximate MSE formula. Estimator based on “estimated optimum values” was also investigated. Theoretical and empirical comparison of proposed estimator with some other ratio and product estimator justified the performance of the proposed estimator. There is a minimum of 15 percent reduction in the MSE from each of the existing ratio and product estimators considered. Thus most preferred over the existing estimators for the use in practical application.Keywords: bias, mean square error, auxiliary variable, optimum estimator, stratified random sampling, study variabl