Calibration required for studying traffic smelt in the technological crucibles

Розроблена математична модель визначення та формування початкових швидкостей руху розплавленого металу в технологічному тигелі, створення початкових і граничних умов, необхідних для відновлення робочих поверхонь кочення залізничних вагонних та локомотивних коліс, а саме його нарощування.The mathematical model of the formation and initial velocities to study the movement of molten metal in the crucible of technology, creation of initial and boundary conditions needed to restore the working surfaces of rolling railway wagon and locomotive wheels, namely its capacity

Diazepinone effect on liver tissue respiration and serum lipid content in rats with a rotenone model of Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive age-related neurodegenerative disorder. Accumulation of α-synuclein aggregates, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid metabolism disturbance are thought to be the key violations at PD pathogenesis. Despite long-time research the causes of PD occurrence are not yet clear. We investigated the influence of diazepinon, a new derivative of benzodiazepine, on liver tissue respiration (LTR), serum lipid content and behavioral parameters of rats with modeled PD induced by intraperitoneal injections of 2.0 mg/kg rotenone (ROT) within 28 days. LTR was assessed using the polarograph LP-9. Blood samples for biochemical analysis were collected from the inferior vena cava. The behavioral parameters of rats were studied by the open field test. We showed that in rats with ROT – induced PD the coefficient of liver oxygen consumption was decreased by 33.5% (P < 0.001), the serum content of phospholipids, cholesterol, cholesterol esters, free fatty acids and triglycerides was reduced by 21.4% (P < 0.001), 28.8% (P < 0.001), 26.8% (P < 0.001), 30.3% (P < 0.01) and 41.5% (P < 0.001) respectively and the motor disorders were detected. Diazepinone application resulted in a full recovery of LTR, serum concentration of phospholipids, partial recovery of serum free fatty acids and triglycerides content and significant improvement of motor behavior. However diazepinone did not affect the reduced concentration of cholesterol and cholesterol esters in the serum of rats with simulated PD

Glibenclamide—10-h Treatment Window in a Clinically Relevant Model of Stroke

Glibenclamide improves outcomes in rat models of stroke, with treatment as late as 6 h after onset of ischemia shown to be beneficial. Because the molecular target of glibenclamide, the sulfonylurea receptor 1 (Sur1)-regulated NCCa-ATP channel, is upregulated de novo by a complex transcriptional mechanism, and the principal pathophysiological target, brain swelling, requires hours to develop, we hypothesized that the treatment window would exceed 6 h. We studied a clinically relevant rat model of stroke in which middle cerebral artery occlusion (75% < reduction in LDF signal ≤90%) was produced using an intra-arterial occluder. Recanalization was obtained 4.5 h later by removing the occluder. At that time, we administered recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA; 0.9 mg/kg IV over 30 min). Immunolabeling showed modest expression of Sur1 5 h after onset of ischemia, with expression increasing 7- to 11-fold (P < 0.01) by 24 h. Rats were administered either vehicle or glibenclamide (10 μg/kg IP loading dose plus 200 ng/h by constant subcutaneous infusion) beginning 4.5 or 10 h after onset of ischemia. In rats treated at 4.5 or 10 h, glibenclamide significantly reduced hemispheric swelling at 24 h from (mean ± SEM) 14.7 ± 1.5% to 8.1 ± 1.6% or 8.8 ± 1.1% (both P < 0.01), respectively, and significantly reduced 48-h mortality from 53% to 17% or 12% (both P < 0.01), and improved Garcia scores at 48 h from 3.8 ± 0.62 to 7.6 ± 0.70 or 8.4 ± 0.74 (both P < 0.01). We conclude that, in a clinically relevant model of stroke, the treatment window for glibenclamide extends to 10 h after onset of ischemia

Ethanol reforming in non-equilibrium plasma of glow discharge

The results of a detailed kinetic study of the main plasma chemical processes in non-equilibrium ethanol/argon plasma are presented. It is shown that at the beginning of the discharge the molecular hydrogen is mainly generated in the reaction of ethanol H-abstraction. Later hydrogen is formed from active H, CH2OH and CH3CHOH and formaldehyde. Comparison with experimental data has shown that the used kinetic mechanism predicts well the concentrations of main species at the reactor outlet.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figure

Palynomorphological features of Suaeda acuminata (C.A. Mey.) Moq., Suaeda prostrata Pall. and Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb.

The pollen morphology of Suaeda acuminata , S. prostratа and Tamarix ramosissima from Ukrainian flora has been studied with light and scanning electron microscopy. The main morphological features of pollen grains of three taxa, which spread within halophytes vegetation, are determined. The results has considered as potential useful for identification of the fossil pollen under paleopalynological or paleoecological study

Вплив нейротрансплантації на перебіг судомного синдрому у хворих з апалічним синдромом та його наслідками

We represent the analysis of 64 patients with apallic syndrome (AS) clinical state. These patients were treated by embryonic nervous tissue transplantation (ENT). The dynamic of clinical course of convulsive syndrome is considered. It was established that at 60,9% patients the course AS was complicated by the epileptic attacks origin (EA). On the origin of epileptic attacks the substantial influence was caused by an etiologic factor, that resulted to cerebral catastrophe. Reparative-restoration treatment by the ENT method decreased frequency of EA origin at patients with nontraumatic AS in 8,5 times compared to traumatic AS.На основании анализа состояния 64 больных с апаллическим синдромом (АС) и его последствиями, которым было проведено восстановительное лечение путем трансплантации эмбриональной нервной ткани (ТЕНТ), изучена динамика клинического течения судорожного синдрома. Установлено, что у 60,9% больных течение АС осложняется возникновением эпилептических припадков (ЭП), на что существенно влияет этиологический фактор, обусловивший мозговую катастрофу. Восстановительное лечение с использованием метода ТЕНТ позволило уменьшить частоту возникновения ЭП у пациентов с АС нетравматического происхождения в 8,5 раза по сравнению с АС травматического генеза.На підставі аналізу стану 64 хворих з апалічним синдромом (АС) та його наслідками, яким проведене відновне лікування шляхом трансплантації ембріональної нервової тканини (ТЕНТ), вивчено динаміку перебігу судомного синдрому. Встановлено, що у 60,9% хворих перебіг АС ускладнюється виникненням епілептичних нападів (ЕН), на який суттєво впливає етіологічний фактор, що спричинив мозкову катастрофу. Відновне лікування з використанням ТЕНТ дозволило зменшити частоту виникнення ЕН у пацієнтів з АС нетравматичного походження в 8,5 разу в порівнянні з АС травматичного генезу

Influence of nano-TiO2 on functioning of gastric smooth muscles: in vitro and in silico studies

Nanosized materials, including titanium dioxide nanoparticles, sized under 10 nm, are systems with an excessive energy and high chemical activity, while the nanopartic­les of about (1–3) nm enter the reactions with other chemical compounds practically without any activation energy which predetermines the formation of substances with new properties. The energy accumulated by these objects first of all is determined by the uncompensated nature of the bonds between surface and near-surface atoms that is a reason of superficial phenomena. Taking the abovementioned into consideration, it was interesting to study the influence of nano-titanium dioxide sized (1–3) nm and (4–8) nm on the functioning of rat gastric smooth muscles in vitro and in silico. The tenzometric method in the isometric mode was used to demonstrate that titanium dioxide suspensions with nanoparticles, sized (4–8) and (1–3) nm, change the structure of spontaneous contraction cycles for circular stomach smooth muscles of antrum in rats with a decrease in their total efficiency (a decrease in index of contractions in Montevideo units (MU) and the index of contractions in Alexandria units (AU)). In these conditions, there was also a change in the kinetic parameters of high potassium contractions and the contractions induced by acetylcholine, the mediator of acetylcholine receptors. There was also an impairment of the processes of coordinating the velocities of contractions and relaxations, that are more expressed in the first case at the effect of titanium dioxide (1–3) nm, and in a second one – (4–8) nm. The molecular docking of titanium dioxide nanoparticle to an extracellular part of a muscarinic acetylcholine M2 type receptor demonstrated a possibility of forming the bonds with some amino acids of the site of its allosteric modulator, that impacts the affinity of this receptor to the orthosteric ligands. The binding site of titanium dioxide does not compete for binding sites of this type of acetylcholine receptor neurotransmitter by its amino acid composition. The molecular docking of titanium dioxide to the muscarinic acetylcholine M3 type receptor showed that there are common amino acid residues for both the nanoparticle and acetylcholine with which bonds are formed in the orthosteric binding site. This suggests that at this binding site there can be a competitive relationship between titanium dioxide and acetylcholine within the site

Transplantation of embryonic nervous tissue influence on epileptogenesis at the patients with apallic syndrome and its consequences

We represent the analysis of 64 patients with apallic syndrome (AS) clinical state. These patients were treated by embryonic nervous tissue transplantation (ENT). The dynamic of clinical course of convulsive syndrome is considered. It was established that at 60,9% patients the course AS was complicated by the epileptic attacks origin (EA). On the origin of epileptic attacks the substantial influence was caused by an etiologic factor, that resulted to cerebral catastrophe. Reparative-restoration treatment by the ENT method decreased frequency of EA origin at patients with nontraumatic AS in 8,5 times compared to traumatic AS

Порівняльна цитоструктурна оцінка росту ембріональної нервової тканини людини в умовах культивування за різних способів її зберігання

Peculiarities of embryonic neural tissue (ENT) cultural growth, obtained from 7–9 weeks human embryos, at different storage conditions were observed. Analysis of vitality revealed that ENT from 9-weeks embryos, obtained during 1 hour after abortion or after 24 hours of storage in the synthetic medium, had higher growth potential, than from 7-weeks embryos. Neurocells from preliminary cryopreserved ENT exhibited low growth activity and early death with desquamation.Изучены особенности роста культур эмбриональной нервной ткани (ЭНТ), полученной от эмбрионов человека 7 и 9 нед гестации при различных условиях ее хранения. При сравнительном анализе жизнеспособности культур нативной ЭНТ, полученной через 1 ч после ее отбора, и культур ЭНТ после 24 час хранения в синтетической питательной среде, отмечен более высокий потенциал роста нейроклеток ЭНТ, полученной от эмбрионов 9 нед гестации по сравнению с таковым культур, полученных от эмбрионов 7 нед гестации в аналогичных условиях эксперимента. Активность роста культур нейроклеток предварительно криоконсервированной ЭНТ низкая, выявляют их раннюю гибель с последующей десквамацией.Проведене порівняльне дослідження особливостей росту культур ембріональної нервової тканини (ЕНТ), отриманої від ембріонів людини 7 та 9 тиж гестації за різних умов її зберігання. При порівняльному аналізі життєздатності культур нативної ЕНТ, отриманої через 1 год після її відбору, і культур ЕНТ після 24 год її зберігання в синтетичному поживному середовищі виявлений більш високий потенціал росту нейроклітин ЕНТ від ембріонів 9 тиж гестації у порівнянні з культурами від ембріонів 7 тиж гестації в аналогічних умовах експерименту. Активність росту культур нейроклітин попередньо кріоконсервованої ЕНТ низька, виявляють їх ранню загибель з подальшою десквамацією

Features of actomyosin superprecipitation reaction in different environment conditions

The influence of divalent cations (Cd2+, Zn2+, Sr2+) and staphylococcus protein A on the superprecipitation reaction of cardiac muscle actomyosin was investigated using methods of preparative protein chemistry, optical spectroscopy and mechanokinetic analysis. It was shown that the metal ions in the range of concentrations 0.1–5 mM inhibit the Mg2+-dependent SPP reaction of actomyosin cardiac muscle and alter the kinetic parameters of this process. It was revealed that protein A modulates superprecipitation dynamics decreasing the maximal value of optical density and time of its half-maximum achievement as well as starting and normalized superprecipitation rates. Thus, investigated factors are able to influence the actin myosin interaction changing their functional parameters of proteins from cardiomyocyte contractile complex. The kinetic characteristics of actomyosin superprecipitation are sensitive to the influence of physicochemical and pharmacological factors and can be used to study their influence on the molecular mechanisms of muscle contraction