<b> Acute hormonal, immunological and enzymatic responses to a basketball game </b>

The objective of the present study was to analyze the acute hormonal, immunological and enzymatic responses of professional basketball players to a basketball game. The sample was composed of eight basketball athletes, with a minimum of 4 years’ experience in basketball. A real game was simulated with a total duration of 40 minutes, divided into two halves of 20 minutes each and an interval of 10 minutes between halves. Blood samples were collected before andimmediately after the game (20 ml, vacuum tube system). The variables analyzed were: testosterone and cortisol hormones, total leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and the enzymes creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Statistical analysis was with descriptive statistics and the Student’s t test for paired samples to p≤0.05. The pre (13.34 nmol/L and 301.97 nmol/L) and post game (17.34 nmol/L and 395.91 nmol/L) levels of testosterone and cortisol were statistically different, with higher levels after the game for both hormones. The immune cell counts exhibited significant differences for total leukocytes (6393.75 nmol/L and 9158.75 nmol/L) and neutrophils (3532.5 nmol/L and 6392.62 nmol/L), with levels being higher after the game. No statistical differences were observed for the enzymatic variables. Therefore, based on the markers analyzed, testosterone and cortisol exhibited pronounced increases after the game and the samebehavior was observed for total leukocytes and neutrophils

Acute hormonal, immunological and enzymatic responses to a basketball game

The objective of the present study was to analyze the acute hormonal, immunological and enzymatic responses of professional basketball players to a basketball game. The sample was composed of eight basketball athletes, with a minimum of 4 years’ experience in basketball. A real game was simulated with a total duration of 40 minutes, divided into two halves of 20 minutes each and an interval of 10 minutes between halves. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after the game (20 ml, vacuum tube system). The variables analyzed were: testosterone and cortisol hormones, total leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and the enzymes creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Statistical analysis was with descriptive statistics and the Student’s t test for paired samples to p≤0.05. The pre (13.34 nmol/L and 301.97 nmol/L) and post game (17.34 nmol/L and 395.91 nmol/L) levels of testosterone and cortisol were statistically different, with higher levels after the game for both hormones. The immune cell counts exhibited significant differences for total leukocytes (6393.75 nmol/L and 9158.75 nmol/L) and neutrophils (3532.5 nmol/L and 6392.62 nmol/L), with levels being higher after the game. No statistical differences were observed for the enzymatic variables. Therefore, based on the markers analyzed, testosterone and cortisol exhibited pronounced increases after the game and the same behavior was observed for total leukocytes and neutrophils

A comparative study of pentoxifylline effects in adult and aged rats submitted to lung dysfunction by thermal injury

PURPOSE: To investigate the protective effects of pentoxifylline against lung injury observed after dorsal scald in aged animals. METHODS: Adult (eight months old) and aged (20 months old) rats were subjected to thermal injury or sham procedure. The six hours post-trauma animals received pentoxifylline and after 24 hours were euthanatized and lung tissue samples collectedted. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was evaluated for total protein content and tumor necrosis factor-alpha cytokine. Malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activety in the lung homogenate were measured and a histological lung examination was undertaken. RESULTS: Burn injury induced oxidative stress in lung homogenate was higher in elderly-burned rats compared to adult-burned rats (p<0.001). Total protein and cytokine in bronchoalveolar lavage increased in the elderly-burned group when compared to the adult-burned group (p<0.001). All parameters decreased in bolth groups treated with pentoxifylline (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The injury was augmented in elderly rats when compared to adult rats. Damage was reduced with the use of pentoxifylline, however further studies are needed to evaluate the dose-response of the drug

Treinamento aeróbico em sobrevivente de câncer de mama: Relato de caso

Aims: To report the evolution of a breast cancer survivor after an eight-week aerobic training program.Case Description: A 47-year-old breast cancer patient, submitted to mastectomy about five years before, followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy, was submitted to aerobic training on cycle ergometer and treadmill for eight weeks, two sessions per week, with gradual increase in training volume. Cardiorespiratory capacity, static strength, upper body mobility, level of physical activity, and body composition were assessed before and after the training protocol. The patient demonstrated improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction, decrement of heart rate at rest and during exercise, and increase in shoulder range of motion and in physical activity level. A reduction of visceral fat was also observed. There was no improvement in muscle strength or in maximum capacity of oxygen use.Conclusions: This case report describes improvements in cardiorespiratory capacity, in shoulder range of motion, in the level of physical activity, and in body composition, after an eight-week aerobic training (two weekly sessions), in a breast cancer patient who had undergone mastectomy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.Objetivos: Relatar a evolução de uma paciente sobrevivente de neoplasia da mama após ter sido submetida a treinamento aeróbico durante oito semanas.Descrição do Caso: Uma paciente com 47 anos, tendo sido submetida à mastectomia por neoplasia da mama há cerca de cinco anos, seguida por radioterapia e quimioterapia, realizou treinamento aeróbico em cicloergômetro e esteira ergométrica durante oito semanas, com duas sessões semanais e aumento gradativo do volume de treino. Avaliações da capacidade cardiorrespiratória, da força estática, mobilidade superior, nível de atividade física e composição corporal foram realizadas antes e após o protocolo de treinamento. A paciente demonstrou melhora na fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo, diminuição da frequência cardíaca de repouso e de esforço e aumento da amplitude de movimento do ombro e no nível de atividade física. Foi detectada também diminuição da gordura corporal visceral. Não houve aumento da força muscular nem da capacidade máxima de oxigênio.Conclusões: Este relato demonstra que no caso dessa paciente, submetida a tratamento cirúrgico, radioterápico e quimioterápico para câncer de mama, foram constatados benefícios na capacidade cardiorrespiratória, na mobilidade dos membros superiores, no nível de atividade física e na composição corporal, após treinamento aeróbico durante duas sessões semanais por oito semanas

Treinamento aeróbico em sobrevivente de câncer de mama: relato de caso = Aerobic training in breast cancer survivor: case report

Objetivos: Relatar a evolução de uma paciente sobrevivente de neoplasia da mama após ter sido submetida a treinamento aeróbico durante oito semanas. Descrição do Caso: Uma paciente com 47 anos, tendo sido submetida à mastectomia por neoplasia da mama há cerca de cinco anos, seguida por radioterapia e quimioterapia, realizou treinamento aeróbico em cicloergômetro e esteira ergométrica durante oito semanas, com duas sessões semanais e aumento gradativo do volume de treino. Avaliações da capacidade cardiorrespiratória, da força estática, mobilidade superior, nível de atividade física e composição corporal foram realizadas antes e após o protocolo de treinamento. A paciente demonstrou melhora na fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo, diminuição da frequência cardíaca de repouso e de esforço e aumento da amplitude de movimento do ombro e no nível de atividade física. Foi detectada também diminuição da gordura corporal visceral. Não houve aumento da força muscular nem da capacidade máxima de oxigênio. Conclusões: Este relato demonstra que no caso dessa paciente, submetida a tratamento cirúrgico, radioterápico e quimioterápico para câncer de mama, foram constatados benefícios na capacidade cardiorrespiratória, na mobilidade dos membros superiores, no nível de atividade física e na composição corporal, após treinamento aeróbico durante duas sessões semanais por oito semana

Effect of exercise on pain and functional capacity in breast cancer patients

Abstract Purpose To assess the influence of combined training on pain, fatigue, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), body mass index (BMI), flexibility, and strength in patients with breast cancer. Methods A controlled pilot study with 28 patients undergoing chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and clinical observation in a renowned cancer treatment center; the patients were aged from 30 to 59 years old and were not engaged in physical training for three months previously. The Study Group (SG) underwent 12 weeks of training, including three 60-min sessions of aerobic exercise and resistance training, and two sessions of flexibility training per week; each flexibility exercise lasted 20 s and was performed in sets of three repetitions. The Control Group (CG) received only the standard hospital treatment. Participants were evaluated at the beginning of the study to establish a baseline and reevaluated at the end of 12 weeks. Results Patients in the SG showed a significant decrease in total pain points (p = 0.0047), pain intensity (p = 0.0082), and the extent to which pain interfered with their daily life (p = 0.0047). There was an increase in maximum oxygen uptake (p = 0.0001), flexibility (p = 0.0001), and strength on both sides (right p = 0.0001 and left p = 0.0008). No significant differences were observed in fatigue (p = 0.0953) or BMI (p = 0.6088). Conclusion Combined training was effective in decreasing pain and increasing VO2 max, flexibility and static strength in patients with breast cancer. Trial registration NCT03061773. Registered on February 19, 2017, ‘retrospectively registered’

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF MEANS AND METHODS OF PRACTICAL INFLUENCE ON TAEKWON-DO TRAINING

<div><p>ABSTRACT The investigation of means and methods of practical influence can assist in training and allow for improved sport performance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to review in the literature methods and means with practical influence on Taekwon-Do specifically. A systematic review was conducted with English/Portuguese descriptors, namely martial arts/artes marciais, exercise/exercícios, physical fitness/aptidão física and athletic performance/desempenho esportivo, on Portal Capes, Sport Discus, Lilacs, Medline and PubMed databases. After application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 studies were selected. In the studies analyzed, 21 types of training means and 19 types of training methodologies were identified. Among the results, there is an evident use of special means, mainly exercises with kicks and the interval method, with high intensity, to prepare athletes to the physiological demands of combat and to develop their aerobic and anaerobic systems.</p></div