15 research outputs found
Northernmost record of the pantropical portunid crab <i>Cronius ruber</i> in the eastern Atlantic (Canary Islands): natural range extension or human-mediated introduction?
The pantropical crab Cronius ruber (Lamarck, 1818) (Brachyura: Portunidae) is recorded for the first time from the Canary Islands. Previously known from off Cape Verde Islands and Senegal, this is the northernmost record of the species in the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Crabs have been caught by means of a collecting small trap for sampling in shallow waters, and then identified by both morphological characters and DNA barcoding (16S). Cytochrome c oxidase I partial sequence has been obtained for this species for the first time. This relatively large and very aggressive crab species seems to be rapidly occupying both hard substrates (sublittoral caves) and soft substrates (sand with seagrass meadow) adjacent to shallow rocky bottoms, at depths between 2 and 10 m, in the warm southern waters of Gran Canaria Island. The reasons for this species’ occurrence are discussed herein. Among them, natural range extension may be a consequence of tropicalization in the eastern Atlantic. Also, a human-mediated introduction could be based on the heavy traffic of ships (ballast waters or oil platforms) arriving at the Canary Islands from African countries and from Brazil in the last decade
Cambios en la composición de la captura y de la captura accesoria y en diversidad específica en una pesquería con nasas camaroneras semi-flotantes en tres ecosistemas insulares del Atlántico oriental sujetos a distinta presión antrópica
Composition and bycatch of semi-floating shrimp-trap fisheries (SSTF) were compared among areas with different levels of anthropogenic alteration of marine ecosystems. The three areas selected were Madeira, the Canary Islands and Cape Verde. Mean species richness and diversity of the SSTF did not show significant differences among areas. The dominant species in catches of the SSTF for all regions studied was the main target species, Plesionika edwardsii, which accounted for 96.0% of the catch in Cape Verde, 75.8% in Madeira and 59.1% in the Canary Islands. Targeted pandalid shrimps accounted for more than 96.8% of total catches for all areas combined. Numbers of non-target species caught were 18 (Madeira), 14 (Canary Islands) and 16 (Cape Verde), of which 13 (Madeira), 8 (Canary Islands) and 11 (Cape Verde) were always discarded. Bycatch accounted for 0.5% (Madeira), 0.7% (Canary Islands) and 3.1% (Cape Verde) in numbers. Shark species accounted for 0.11% of all individuals caught. A total of 5 species in Madeira, 6 in the Canary Islands and 4 in Cape Verde, accounting for 0.2% to 0.8% of total catches, were not landed due to the small size of individuals or low numbers of individuals caught (self-consumption). The present results suggest that the selectivity of traps for the main target species, P. edwardsii, in SSTF changes due to changes in species dominance, which are probably linked to the degree of human fishing exploitation of the marine ecosystems in each area.Se comparó la composición de las capturas y la captura accesoria de la pesquería de camarones con nasas semi-flotantes (SSTF) entre áreas con diferentes niveles de alteración de sus ecosistemas marinos por la acción humana. Se seleccionaron tres áreas: Madeira, Canarias y Cabo Verde. La riqueza de especies y la diversidad de la pesquería no mostraron diferencias significativas entre áreas. La especie dominante en las capturas de la SSTF fue la principal especie objetivo, Plesionika edwardsii, en las tres regiones estudiadas, variando desde 96.0% (Cabo Verde) hasta 59.1% (Canarias), con 75.8% en Madeira. Los camarones pandálidos objetivo de la pesca representaron más del 96.8% de la captura total en el conjunto de las tres áreas. El número de especies no-objetivo capturadas fue 18 (Madeira), 14 (Canarias) y 16 (Cabo Verde), de las cuales siempre fueron descartadas 13 especies en Madeira, 8 en Canarias y 11 en Cabo Verde. El porcentaje de individuos (en número) de las capturas accesorias en relación con las capturas totales representó el 0.5% en Madeira, 0.7% en Canarias y 3.1% en Cabo Verde. Las especies de tiburones representaron solo el 0.11% de los individuos capturados. Cinco especies en Madeira, seis en Canarias y cuatro en Cabo Verde representaron entre 0.2 y 0.8% del total de las capturas no desembarcadas debido a su pequeño tamaño o al bajo número de individuos capturados (auto consumo). Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que las nasas de la SSTF cambian sus características de selectividad con respecto a la especie objetivo principal, P. edwardsii, debido a cambios relativos entre las especies dominantes, lo que probablemente está relacionado con la explotación pesquera de los ecosistemas marinos en cada área
On the presence of Trachinus pellegrini (Trachinidae) in the Canary and Cape Verde Islands (north-eastern Atlantic)
Présence de Trachinus pellegrini (Trachinidae) aux îles Canaries etCanaries et aux îles du Cap-Vert (Atlantique nord-est).
Trachinus pellegrini Cadenat, 1937 est signalée pour la première fois aux îles Canaries, ce qui représente sa limite de répartition la plus septentrionale. Les différences morphologiques entre adultes
et juvéniles sont également présentées. La présence de cette espèce aux îles du Cap-Vert est aussi confirmée.Postprin
New and rare records of teleost fishes from the Cape Verde Islands (eastern-central Atlantic Ocean)
As a result of six exploratory surveys and several opportunistic catches in the Cape Verde Islands from a few metres to about 1000 m of depth, a list of 66 species of teleost fishes is given, six of which are first records from the archipelago: Gnathophis mystax (Congridae), Nezumia africana, Nezumia duodecim (Macrouridae), Ectreposebastes imus (Scorpaenidae), Paraliparis sp. (Liparidae) and Lappanella fasciata (Labridae). Additionally, data on six poorly-known species is also given: Myroconger compressus (Myrocongridae), Myrichthys pardalis, Phaenomonas longissima (Ophichthidae), Sphagemacrurus hirundo (Macrouridae), Gadella imberbis and Physiculus cyanostrophus (Moridae). Data includes distribution, habitat, morphometry and reproduction.Six campagnes exploratoires ainsi que quelques captures opportunistes réalisées de quelques mètres jusqu’à environ 1000 m de profondeur aux îles du Cap-Vert ont permis d’établir une liste comprenant 66 espèces de poissons téléostéens. Six espèces sont signalées pour la première fois aux îles du Cap-Vert : Gnathophis mystax (Congridae), Nezumia africana, Nezumia duodecim (Macrouridae), Ectreposebastes imus (Scorpaenidae), Paraliparis sp. (Liparidae) et Lappanella fasciata (Labridae). La présence de six autres espèces mal connues est confirmée pour cet archipel : Myroconger compressus (Myrocongridae), Myrichthys pardalis, Phaenomonas longissima (Ophichthidae), Sphagemacrurus hirundo (Macrouridae), Gadella imberbis et Physiculus cyanostrophus (Moridae). Les données présentées concernent la distribution, l’habitat, la morphométrie et la reproduction.Postprin
The striped soldier shrimp Plesionika edwardsii (Crustacea:Decapoda:Pandalidae) from the cape Verde Islands
This study is part of the PROACTIVA 1-2 (2009-2012) and MARPROF-CV (2010-2014) projects, in the
framework of the Canary Islands Government and UE PCT MAC 2007-2013 programmes respectively.
Research has mainly focused on the stock assessment of the striped soldier shrimp, Plesionika edwardsii
(Brandt, 1851), because it has shown moderate to high levels of fishing yield and abundances compatible
with the development of a new sustainable fishery in the Cape Verde Islands.
Cruises took place on board the R/V Prof. Ignacio Lozano. Four 15-day surveys have been conducted to
date: Cabo Verde 2010-04 (April 2010), Camar˜ao-1 (November 2011), Camar˜ao-2 (Mars 2012) and Camar
˜ao-3 (July 2012). An innovative fishing gear so-called multiple semi-floating shrimp trap (MSFST)
was used. Each fishing line was composed by 40-65 traps operating around 2.4 m above the seafloor,
using Decapterus macarellus (Carangidae) as unique bait of the traps. Fishing depth was 66-458 m, and
efective fishing time was 16-18 h. Each trap was attached to the main bottom line every 15 m, and the
maximum attraction of this bait was established to be 100 or 150 m, according to the experience gained
from the local fishery for deep-sea lobsters. So density by area was calculated assuming two different
areas of attraction of the fishing gear. Initial biomass was estimated from depletion experiments at different
abundance stations by applying the Leslie & Davis (1939) method, modified by Ricker (1975). Each
fishing operation was classified according to its yield (CPUE in g/trap/night). The potential fishing planar
area was estimated between the isobathymetric lines between 90 and 220 m. Total biomasses (Bt) were
calculated from areas (km2) and mean minimum/maximum densities (kg/km2). Maximum sustainable
yield (MSY) was estimated from Bt using the Beddington and Cooke (1983) model by entering natural
mortality (0.6), growth rate (0.53 year�1) and recruitment age (1.32 year), which are the parameters for
this target species published for the Canaries. These parameters estimate a biological exploitation rate
( ) of 0.262. Interpolations were applied to estimate MSY for insular stocks representing lesser than 5%
of the total fishing grounds for this species in the archipelago.
The MSY estimated by depletion were 30.5 tons/year for the stock of S˜ao Vicente, Santa Luzia, Ilheus
and S˜ao Nicolau, 10 tons/year for the stock of Santiago, 138.8 tons/year for the stock of Boa Vista
and Maio, and 5.6 tons/year for the stock of Sal. The small stocks estimated by interpolation were:
4.5 tons/year for the stock of Santo Ant˜ao, 1.3 tons/year for the stock of Fogo, and 1.8 tons/year for
the stock of Brava and Ilheus. In total, 192.5 tons per year was the total MSY for the striped soldier
shrimp around the islands of the Cape Verde archipelago, occupying a total area of 1,918 km2 of new
fishing grounds at between 90 and 220 m of depth. In comparison with the traditional bottom trap
used in the Canary Islands, the innovative fishing gear MSFST were proved to be more selective for
pandalid shrimps, minimizing the gear impact on the seafloor as well as the by-catch by reducing the
discards. Depletion methods are based on the assumption of a closed system, that is with minimum or
zero immigration between neighbouring areas. The straight forward decline of CPUEs obtained during
the depletion experiments seems to confirm that P. edwardsii is a low mobility species, making this
assumption valid at least during short-time periods. Because of the bathymetry profile of these islands,the depth range is from very close (few nautical miles in Santiago) to far away (10-12 n.m. in Boa Vista)
to the coastline.
Fishing effort should be controlled on the basis of quotas, number of fishing vessels and a precautionary
approach in order to ensure that catching is commensurate with sustainable levels of exploitation. MSY
estimates suggest that this new Capeverdean fishery should be carried out by specialized medium-sized
fishing vessels. During the last decades a combination of shrimp trawling and industrial trapping activity
has threatened over-exploitation in the Mediterranean fisheries targeting on P. edwardsii; currently the
shrimp collapse has conducted to the decline of these fisheries. Can the Cape Verde regulatory bodies
and all the stakeholders involved learn the lessons this teaches us about this resource management
By-catch composition of the striped soldier shrimp Plesionika edwardsii (Crustace: Decapoda: Pandalidae) experimental fishery in the Cape Verde Islands
This work focuses on the by-catch composition of Plesionika edwardsii experimental fishery in the Cape
Verde Islands. Obtaining information on abundance, composition and lifecycle of species involved in this
potential fishery is useful, in order to ensure its sustainable development under an ecosystem approach.
The first step towards this goal is the description of catches.
Four 15-day research surveys were conducted on board the R/V Prof. Ignacio Lozano: April 2010 (S˜ao
Vicente and Santa Luzia islands), November 2011 (Santiago island), March 2012 (Boa Vista island,)
and July 2012 (Sal and S˜ao Nicolau islands). The working depths were between 66 and 458 m depth.
A standardized innovative fishing gear was used, so-called multiple semi-floating shrimp traps. Each
fishing line was composed by 40-65 traps operating around 2.4 m above the seafloor, using Decapterus
macarellus (Carangidae) as unique bait of the traps.
Multiple semi-floating shrimp traps is a passive fishing system that allows catch and release sea significant
part of the unwanted catches, as in the case of Chondrichthyes or Anguilliformes, reducing the
fishing impact on non-target species.
The main by-catch was composed of 53 species belonging to three groups including Chondrichthyes
(three families and three species), Crustacea (11 families and 19 species) and Osteichthyes (15 families
and 29 species). Plesionika edwardsii, the target species of this fishery, represented 97.8% of
the catch in terms of abundance and 40.1% in biomass. By-catch represented 59.9% of total catch in
terms of biomass. Osteichthyes (87.5%) were the dominant group and was represented by the following
main families; Sparidae (33.9%), Moridae (32.5%), Muraenidae (32.5%), Scorpaenidae (9.9%) and
Tetraodontidae (9.8%). Chondrichthyes (11.6%) were composed by Centrophoridae (65.3%) and Triakidae
(34.1%). Finally, Crustacea (1.9%) were chiefly composed by Pandalidae (79.1%). However,
different families represented by specific species were found to be dominant around each island. Sparidae
were the dominant family represented by Pagellus acarne (46.2% of total by-catch) at S˜ao Vicente,
and by Dentex macrophthalmus (42.6%) at Boa Vista. Tetraodontidae with Sphoeroides pachygaster
(25.9%) and Sparidae with P. acarne (25.1%) were the co-dominant families in the by-catch around
Santa Luzia. Muraenidae were the dominant family represented by Gymnothorax polygonius (69.4%)
at Sal, and by Muraena helena (63.4%) at S˜ao Nicolau. Finally, Scorpaenidae with Pontinus kuhlii
(22.3%) and Moridae with Physiculus cyanostrophus (22.1%) were the co-dominant families of the bycatch
around Santiago.
Acknowledgements: This study is part of the PROACTIVA 1-2 (2009-2012) and MARPROF-CV
(2010-2014) projects, in the framework of the Canary Islands Government and UE PCT MAC 2007-
2013 programmes respectively
Figure 1 in Homing behaviour of rock pool blenny Parablennius parvicornis (Pisces: Blenniidae)
Figure 1. Geographical location and spatial distribution of pools where individual of Parablennius parvicornis were caught (home pools) and displaced.Published as part of Thyssen, L., Triay-Portella, R., Pino, A. Santana del & Castro, J.J., 2014, Homing behaviour of rock pool blenny Parablennius parvicornis (Pisces: Blenniidae), pp. 1169-1179 in Journal of Natural History 48 (19) on page 1171, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859314, http://zenodo.org/record/400684
Figure 2 in Homing behaviour of rock pool blenny Parablennius parvicornis (Pisces: Blenniidae)
Figure 2. Logistic model for the probability of returning to the home pool [Prob(return home)] as a function of distance and current direction. Note that for all distances the probability of returning against the current (A) is higher than when the current is favourable (F).Published as part of Thyssen, L., Triay-Portella, R., Pino, A. Santana del & Castro, J.J., 2014, Homing behaviour of rock pool blenny Parablennius parvicornis (Pisces: Blenniidae), pp. 1169-1179 in Journal of Natural History 48 (19) on page 1174, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859314, http://zenodo.org/record/400684
Homing behaviour of rock pool blenny Parablennius parvicornis (Pisces: Blenniidae)
Thyssen, L., Triay-Portella, R., Pino, A. Santana del, Castro, J.J. (2014): Homing behaviour of rock pool blenny Parablennius parvicornis (Pisces: Blenniidae). Journal of Natural History 48 (19): 1169-1179, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.85931