Effect of lead on gill and liver of blue spotted ray (Dasyatis kuhlii)

The aim of study was to analyze the effect of lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2 on gill and liver of blue spotted ray Dasyatis kuhlii using a histological observation. The rays were placed in five tanks filled by seawater with three fishes for each tank. Blue spotted rays, Dasyatis kuhlii were treated for 12 days by using different concentrations of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2), that is, 0 ppm as control (treatment A), 0.2 ppm (treatment B), 0.5 (treatment C), 0.9 ppm (treatment D) and 1.8 ppm (treatment E). The rays were placed in the tanks until all fishes exposed to Pb (treatments B to E) were dead. Results of the study show that Pb(NO3)2 exposure altered the gill and liver microscopic structure. Gill lamella alterations were found on hypertrophy, hyperplasia, club shaped, necrosis and formed bunch texture. Liver alterations included cloudy swelling, atrophy, necrosis, vacuolar degeneration and fatty degeneration. Death time of blue spotted ray became shorter when lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2 concentration increase

PERUBAHAN JARINGAN GINJAL IKAN PARI KEMBANG (Dasyatis kuhlii) AKIBAT PAPARAN LOGAM MERKURI (Hg)

Sumberdaya perikanan adalah salah satu sumberdaya yang mendapat tekanan cukup berat akibat\ud pesatnya pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk. Salah satu komoditas perikanan yang banyak dimanfaatkan\ud masyarakat adalah ikan pari kembang (Dasyatis kuhlii). Ikan ini hidup pada daerah perairan dangkal\ud pada wilayah tropis dan merupakan ikan demersal. Dasar perairan tempat hidupnya banyak yang\ud terkontaminasi oleh pencemaran yang berasal dari limbah industri maupun limbah rumah tangga. Merkuri\ud (Hg) merupakan salah satu bahan pencemar, termasuk kelompok logam yang berbahaya bagi kehidupan\ud tetapi sangat banyak digunakan dalam industri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kerusakan dan\ud perubahan bentuk struktur ginjal ikan pari kembang secara histologi akibat dari pemaparan logam\ud merkuri, yang diberi perlakuan berbagai tingkat konsentrasi logam tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini\ud diharapkan dapat berguna sebagai bahan informasi tentang dampak logam berat merkuri terhadap ginjal\ud ikan pari kembang. Ikan pari ditangkap dari perairan sekitar Pulau Barrang Lompo. Pertama-tama\ud dilakukan pengukuran kadar logam merkuri di perairan tersebut dan didapatkan konsentrasinya 0,025\ud ppm. Dari hasil ini kemudian diberikan dua kali lipat tingkat konsentrasi pada masing-masing bak dan\ud dilakukan dengan empat kali perlakuan. Perlakuan A : 0,025 ppm, perlakuan B : 0,050 ppm, perlakuan C\ud : 0,1 ppm, perlakuan D : 0,2 ppm. Pada wadah lain tidak diberi perlakuan sebagai kontrol. Setiap\ud perlakuan mempunyai tiga hewan uji. Selanjutnya menghitung waktu lamanya pemaparan sampai ikan\ud tersebut mati. Setelah ikan mati sampel ginjal diambil untuk pengamatan histologinya. Berdasarkan hasil\ud penelitian, tampak bahwa ginjal ikan pari kembang mengalami kerusakan-kerusakan yakni pada\ud konsentrasi Hg 0,025 ppm, 0,050 ppm, 0,1 ppm dan 0,2 ppm, kerusakan pada ginjal berupa : Hyaline\ud droplet, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, Atrophy dan Necrosis

Analysis of growth of sandfish Holothuria scabra cultured at different cultivated habitat

The problem in the sea cucumber culture development in Indonesia is the difficulty to find the culture area that could provide optimal production. This study analyzed the cultivated habitat that could provide optimal growth,proximate and total energy to sandfish Holothuria scabra cultivated in different habitats. The study was done from March to June 2011 in the Puteangin Island, Lasitae Village, District Tanete Rilau, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi.The cage size used was 2 m in length, 1 m in width, and 1.5 m in height. The net mesh-size was 0.5 inch. The cage placed at three different habitats, i.e. sandy overgrown with seagrass habitat, sandy covered with corals habitat, andsandy habitat. The study consisted of three treatments and three replications. Growth was observed by measuring the daily specific growth rate and absolute weight growth. Proximate and energy content of sandfish was analyzed atthe beginning and the end of the study. The study reveals that the sand and seagrass habitat provide the best results with daily specific growth rate is 1.15% ± 0.03%. The absolute weight growth is 28.45 g ± 0.95 g. The proximate content is 0.24 g ± 0.492 g for protein, 0.07 g ± 0.395 g for fat, and 18.026 g ± 0.39 g for carbohydrate. The highest energy content is 176 997 calories

Perubahan Jaringan Hati Ikan Pari Kembang ( DASYATISKUHLI) Akibat Merkuri (HG)

Blue Spotted Ray (Dasyatis kuhlii) as the demersal organisms has a lot of accumulation of pollutants in the water that settles to the bottom. This study was conducted to look at the liver tissue alteration of Blue Spotted Ray caused by contamination of mercury (Hg). Performed on 5 tanks. Tank A as a control, tank B with concentration 0.025  ppm,  tank  C  with  concentration  of  0.05  ppm,  tank  D  with concentration  0.1  ppm  and  tanks  E  with concentration  0.2  ppm.  The  result  is  alteration  on  the  liver  tissue  in  the  form  of  atrophy,  cloudy  swelling, vacuolization degeneration and even necrosis or death of liver tissue already. The alteration can reduce and eveneliminate the function of the liver as a toxin absorbent and can lead to death

DINAMIKA PERUBAHAN SUHU DAN KLOROFIL-A TERHADAP DISTRIBUSI IKAN TERI (Stelophorus spp) DI PERAIRAN PANTAI SPERMONDE, PANGKEP

-The distribution of anchovies (Stelophorus spp) in the Spermonde coastal waters, Pangkep, was studied from satellite remotely sensed environment and catch data, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Generalized Additive Model (GAM). The goal of this preliminary study was to investigate the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration (SSC), and anchovies distribution. To describe their relationship, SST and SSC derived from Aqua/MODIS satellite were overlain with the positions of experimental fishing by local fishermen???s lift net (???Bagan perahu???). The experimental lift net operations were conducted in April to May 2008. The findings of this study showed that most of the anchovies distribution occurred in the coastal area. Anchovies distribution tended to be highest in the specific temperature of 28.8 - 29.3oC and chlorophyll-a of 1.5 ???2.5 mg.m-3. Furthermore, the SST and SSC in the coastal waters of Spermonde play a great role in determining the variability of the anchovies quantitative distribution in the study area. The results were supported by GAM prediction. Due to lack of robust data, there is no detailed information on the optimum habitat preference of anchovies. Future work is needed to reveal the preferred habitat of anchovies with the consideration of more oceanographic parameters

Komposisi Jenis dan Kelimpahan Makrozoobentos Epifauna Berdasarkan Jenis Mangrove yang Berbeda di Kecamatan Suppa, Kabupaten Pinrang: Composition Type and Abundance of Macrozoobenthos Epifauna Based on Different Mangrove species in Suppa District, Pinrang Regency

Mangroves have an important function in the food chain, which can support the life of various types of aquatic biota. One of the communities whose life cycle is relatively settled in the mangrove ecosystem is the macrozoobenthos. This study aims to analyze the relationship between mangrove species and the macrozoobenthos epifauna community including species composition, frequency of occurrence, density and Margalef index (species richness) in Suppa District, Kab. Pinrang. The research was conducted in April 2020 - June 2020 in Suppa District, Pinrang Regency, data identification was carried out at the Water Quality Laboratory of the Faculty of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, Hasanuddin University Makassar. The research stages include determining the location and research station, taking macrozoobenthos samples, measuring water quality, and analyzing data. The data collected included species composition, macrozoobenthos abundance, diversity index, uniformity index, dominance index, and nMDS. (non Multidimensional Scaling). The number of macrozoobenthos epifauna species found based on observations at the station with Avicennia sp. mangrove species andmangrove species Rhizopora sp. There are 5 species from 3 classes, namely Gastropods, Bivalves, and Malacostraca.. The abundance of macrozoobenthos epifauna in Rhizopora sp. higher than that of macrozoobenthos epifauna at stations with Avicennia sp. mangroves were Avicennia sp.dominated by gastropod macrozoobenthos epifauna,species, Cerithidea cingulatawhile macrozoobenthos epifauna at the station was Rhizopora sp. has a high level of uniformity and diversity which is indicated by the even number of individuals in each type of macrozoobenthos epifauna found

Size structure, age groups and growth of squid Loligo pealeii in the waters of Barru Regency, South Sulawesi

Squid is an economically important resource. Currently, squid populations, especially in the District Barru, were intensive exploited, that is feared to affect the population biology parameters. The study was conducted fromFebruary to April 2011. The sampling period was three times a week. The Samples were obtained using random collection from the fishermen catch using Rambo left net. Squid mantle length was measured to the nearest one mm.The parameters analyzed were age group, gonad maturity stage, growth, mortality, and exploitation rate. Squid population in Barru district consists of three age groups with the length of each mode of 51 mm, 98 mm, 133 mm formales, and 51 mm, 96 mm, 127 mm for females. The gonad maturity stage ranging from TKG I to IV for males and females, with the largest percentage of TKG TKG III (47.82% in males and 50.06% in females). The squid firstmaturity is reached at 94.3827 mm in long coat for males, and 59.6735 mm for females. Growth equation for males was Lt = 227 {1 - e -0.31 (t + 0.30)} and females are Lt = 196 {1-e-0, 37 (t +0.26)}. The total mortality rate (Z) is1.59 for males and 1.63 for females. The natural mortality rate (M) is 0.20 for males and 0.57 for females. The capture mortality rate (F) is 1.39 for males and 1.06 for females. The highest CPUE values reached in 1999 was 0.0022 ton per trip, while the smallest CPUE values reached in 2001 was 0.0001 tons per year. The greatest catches could be reached with fishing effort of 50 000 trips with catches of 50 tonnes

Dinamika Perubahan Suhu Dan Klorofi-a Terhadap Distribusi Ikan Teri (Stelophorus SP) Di Perairan Pantai Spermonde, Pangkep

The distribution of anchovies (Stelophorus spp) in the Spermonde coastal waters, Pangkep, was studied from satellite remotely sensed environment and catch data, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Generalized Additive Model (GAM). The goal of this preliminary study was to investigate the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration (SSC), and anchovies distribution. To describe their relationship, SST and SSC derived from Aqua/MODIS satellite were overlain with the positions of experimental fishing by local fishermen's lift net (“Bagan perahu”). The experimental lift net operations were conducted in April to May 2008. The findings of this study showed that most of the anchovies distribution occurred in the coastal area. Anchovies distribution tended to be highest in the specific temperature of 28.8 - 29.3C and chlorophyll-a of 1.5 ‒2.5 mg.m . Furthermore, the SST and SSC in the coastal waters of Spermonde play a great role in determining the variability of the anchovies quantitative distribution in the study area. The results were supported by GAM prediction. Due to lack of robust data, there is no detailed information on the optimum habitat preference of anchovies. Future work is needed to reveal the preferred habitat of anchovies with the consideration of more oceanographic parameters

Perubahan Hati Terkait Pertumbuhan Oosit Ikan Sebelah (Psettodes erumei) (Changes in Liver relate to Oocyte Growth of Flatfish)

There are 8 species of flatfish in the waters of the Spermonde archipelago, South Sulawesi, but only one has thick body, that is Psettodes erumei. Development of flatfish P.erumei populations can be done if its reproductive aspect is known. In this study we will examine the changes of liver through the Hepatosomatic Index (HSI) associated with the growth of oocytes based on Gonad Maturity Stage (GMS). The Hepatosomatic Index (HSI) is defined as the ratio of weight body to weight liver. The value of this index gives an indication of the status of energy reserves in animals. The results of this study indicate a change in liver weight based on HSI which increases following the increase of oocyte size based on GMS. HSI increased sharply after GMS II and ahead of GMS III, which then increase not too big again after GMS III. This suggests an increase in food reserves stored in the liver, to support the oocyte reaching the beginning of its gonad maturity.Keywords : Hepatosomatic Index (HSI), Gonad Maturity Stage (GMS), Oocyte, Reproduction, Flatfish Psettodes erume

The Use of Byssogenesis of Green Mussel, Perna Viridis, as a Biomarker in Laboratory Study

Marine pollution monitoring is important for food bio-safety as well as the conservation of the environment.The green mussel, Perna viridis has previously been used as an eco-sentinel organism in marine pollution monitoring. In this study the byssogenesis of P. viridis was used as a biomarker during an in vivo study. Fifteen P. viridis were exposed\ud for 14 days in filtered seawater to metal mixtures of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) containing 0.008, 0.04, 0.2, 1, 5 mg/l of\ud each metal for 14 days. The results showed that Pb and Cd residues in the mussel tissue were proportional to the metal\ud concentration in water. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn???s Multiple Comparison tests were used to assess the effects of metal exposure on the production of byssus. The test results showed that the byssus production in 0.2 and 1 mg/l treatments was significantly different from controls (p < 0.05). Backward elimination regression was used to discern the role of Pb and Cd in the byssus productions. The regression demonstrated that Pb played a more important role than Cd in terms of byssogenesis. The study suggested that the byssogenesis production of P. viridis has potential to be used in biomarker studies