26 research outputs found
Diagnosis and Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis with Cytomegalovirus Infection: Importance of Controlling Mucosal Inflammation to Prevent Cytomegalovirus Reactivation
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a member of the herpesvirus family. HCMV infection persists throughout the host lifespan in a latent state following primary infection. The ability of HCMV to escape control by the host immune system and its resulting reactivation suggests the importance of ongoing immune surveillance in the prevention of HCMV reactivation. HCMV is a common cause of opportunistic infection that causes severe and fatal disease in immune-compromised individuals. In inflammatory bowel disease patients, particularly those with ulcerative colitis (UC), HCMV is often reactivated because these patients are frequently treated with immunosuppressive agents. This reactivation exacerbates colitis. Additionally, HCMV infection can induce severe colitis, even in patients with UC who have never been treated with immunosuppressive agents. However, the role of HCMV in colonic inflammation in patients with UC remains unclear. Here, we present previous and current clinical data on the diagnosis and treatment of HCMV infection in UC. Additionally, our experimental data from a newly established mouse model mimicking UC with concomitant CMV infection clearly demonstrate that inflammation could result in the exacerbation of UC disease activity with induction of HCMV reactivation. In summary, optimal control of colonic inflammation should be achieved in UC patients who are refractory to conventional immunosuppressive therapies and are positive for HCMV
ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈ Π½Π° Π°Π·ΠΈΠ» Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎβ
ΠΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΊ
ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ Π°Π·ΠΈΠ», ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°, Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΌΡΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎ - ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π» Π·Π° ΠΈΠ·Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π±Π° Π½Π° ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΠ·Π°Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π°Π·ΠΈΠ» ΠΊΠΎΡ Π±ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π» ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°. Π’Π΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, Π½ΠΈΠ· Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠ»Π° Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎ Π΅Π³Π·Π°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠ΄ Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° Π°Π·ΠΈΠ», Π½ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ ΡΠΎ Π°Π·ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ. Π’ΠΎΠΊΠΌΡ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ°, Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π° Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ· ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° Π½Π° Π°Π·ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ. Π§ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎ, Π²ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ²Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΠ·Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π±Π° Π·Π° ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π±Π°ΡΠ°Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, Π²ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ. Π’ΠΎΠΊΠΌΡ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ°, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π²Π°ΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠ΄ Π΅ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π» Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ°Π²Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠ²Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Π°Π·ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ. ΠΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ°Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π΅ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π°Π·ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π° Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π±Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ°Π΄Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π±Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡ Π½Π° Π°Π·ΠΈΠ» Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π³ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³Π° ΡΠΈΡΠ΅. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΊΠ° Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π° ΡΠΎ ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π±Π° Π·Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π²ΠΎ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠ°ΡΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° Π·Π°Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ°, Π Π΅ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π° Π΄Π° Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π° ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ Π·Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ²ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΎ. ΠΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π±Π° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ, Π²ΠΎΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ±Π° Π²ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ Π½Π° Π°Π·ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠ° Π·Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎ - ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎ - ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈ Π½Π° Π°Π·ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΠ° Π΄Π° Π±ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎ, Π±Π΅Π· ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΏΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ, Π΅ΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ.
ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΈ Π·Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ: ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°, Π°Π·ΠΈΠ», ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎ, Π±Π΅Π³Π°Π»ΡΠΈ, Π±Π΅Π³Π°Π»ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·Π°, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Efficacy and Safety of Long-Term Thiopurine Maintenance Treatment in Japanese Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Background/AimsThe long-term clinical outcomes of patients with bio-naive ulcerative colitis (UC) who maintain remission with thiopurine are unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of maintenance treatment with thiopurine in UC patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational cohort analysis conducted at a single center. Between December 1998 and August 2013, 59 of 87 patients with bio-naive UC who achieved remission after induction with treatments other than biologics were enrolled. Remission maintenance with thiopurine was defined as no concomitant treatment needed other than 5-aminosalicylate without relapse. We assessed the remission-maintenance rate, mucosal healing rate, colectomy-free rate, and treatment safety in UC patients who received thiopurine as maintenance treatment.ResultsThe 84-month cumulative remission-maintenance and colectomy-free survival rates in the UC patients who were receiving maintenance treatment with thiopurine and 5-aminosalicylate were 43.9% and 88.0%, respectively. Of the 38 patients who underwent colonoscopy during thiopurine maintenance treatment, 23 (60.5%) achieved mucosal healing. Of the 59 patients who achieved clinical remission with thiopurine, 6 patients (10.2%) discontinued the thiopurine therapy because of adverse events.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates the long-term efficacy and safety of thiopurine treatment in patients with bio-naive UC
Randomized, crossover questionnaire survey of acceptabilities of controlled-release mesalazine tablets and granules in ulcerative colitis patients
Background/Aims Oral mesalazine is an important treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC), and non-adherence to mesalazine increases the risk of relapse. Controlled-release (CR) mesalazine has 2 formulations: tablets and granules. The relative acceptabilities of these formulations may influence patient adherence; however, they have not been compared to date. This study aimed to evaluate the acceptabilities of the 2 formulations of CR mesalazine in relation to patient adherence using a crossover questionnaire survey. Methods UC patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups in a 1:1 ratio. Patients in each group took either 4 g of CR mesalazine tablets or granules for 6 to 9 weeks, and then switched to 4 g of the other formulation for a further 6 to 9 weeks. The acceptability and efficacy were evaluated by questionnaires, and adherence was assessed using a visual analog scale. The difference in acceptabilities between the 2 formulations and its impact on adherence were assessed. Results A total of 49 patients were prospectively enrolled and 33 patients were included in the analysis. Significantly more patients found the tablets to be less acceptable than the granules (76% vs. 33%, P=0.0005). The granules were preferable to the tablets when the 2 formulations were compared directly (73% vs. 21%, P=0.004), for their portability, size, and numbers of pills. The adherence rate was slightly better among patients taking the granules (94% vs. 91%) during the observation period, but the difference was not significant (P=0.139). Conclusions CR mesalazine granules are more acceptable than tablets, and may therefore be a better option for long-term medication
Increased colonic expression of ACE2 associates with poor prognosis in Crohnβs disease
The host receptor for SARS-CoV-2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), is highly expressed in small intestine. Our aim was to study colonic ACE2 expression in Crohn's disease (CD) and non-inflammatory bowel disease (non-IBD) controls. We hypothesized that the colonic expression levels of ACE2 impacts CD course. We examined the expression of colonic ACE2 in 67 adult CD and 14 NIBD control patients using RNA-seq and quantitative (q) RT-PCR. We validated ACE2 protein expression and localization in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded matched colon and ileal tissues using immunohistochemistry. The impact of increased ACE2 expression in CD for the risk of surgery was evaluated by a multivariate regression analysis and a KaplanβMeier estimator. To provide critical support for the generality of our findings, we analyzed previously published RNA-seq data from two large independent cohorts of CD patients. Colonic ACE2 expression was significantly higher in a subset of adult CD patients which was defined as the ACE2-high CD subset. IHC in a sampling of ACE2-high CD patients confirmed high ACE2 protein expression in the colon and ileum compared to ACE2-low CD and NIBD patients. Notably, we found that ACE2-high CD patients are significantly more likely to undergo surgery within 5Β years of CD diagnosis, and a Cox regression analysis found that high ACE2 levels is an independent risk factor for surgery (OR 2.17; 95% CI, 1.10β4.26; pβ=β0.025). Increased intestinal expression of ACE2 is associated with deteriorated clinical outcomes in CD patients. These data point to the need for molecular stratification that can impact CD disease-related outcomes
Role of microRNAs in the Pathophysiology of Ulcerative Colitis
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an intractable disorder characterized by a chronic inflammation of the colon. Studies have identified UC as a multifactorial disorder affected by both genetic and environmental factors; however, the precise mechanism remains unclear. Recent advances in the field of microRNA (miRNA) research have identified an association between this small non-coding RNA in the pathophysiology of UC and altered miRNA expression profiles in patients with UC. Nevertheless, the roles of individual miRNAs are uncertain due to heterogeneity in both research samples and clinical backgrounds. In this review, we focus on miRNA expression in colonic mucosa where inflammation occurs in UC and discuss the potential roles of individual miRNAs in disease development, outlining the pathophysiology of UC
Tacrolimus or infliximab for severe ulcerative colitis: short-term and long-term data from a retrospective observational study
[Objective]Treatment of severe ulcerative colitis (UC) is challenging. Although the efficacy of tacrolimus (TAC) and infliximab (IFX) have been evaluated in patients with severe UC, the safety and efficacy levels of sequential therapies (TACβIFX/IFXβTAC) in these patients remain unclear. The aim of this study was to assess short-term and long-term outcomes in patients with severe UC treated with TAC and IFX. [Methods]From October 2001 to February 2014, 29 patients with consecutive severe UC treated with TAC or IFX were retrospectively evaluated. Median follow-up duration was 27β
months (range 0.5β118β
months). The primary end point was short-term outcomes at 8β
weeks after induction of TAC (TAC group, n=22) or IFX (IFX group, n=7). The secondary end point included long-term outcomes and colectomy-free survival. The clinical response was evaluated based on a partial Mayo score. [Results]The clinical remission (CR) rate at 8β
weeks in the TAC and IFX groups was 63.6% and 71.4%, respectively. In 13 of the 29 patients (10 in the TAC group, 3 in the IFX group), sequential therapies were used in their clinical courses. In 9 of these 13 patients (6 in the TAC group, 3 in the IFX group), CR was achieved and maintained by sequential therapies. Overall cumulative colectomy-free survival was 79.3% at 118β
months. [Conclusions]TAC and IFX had similar effects on remission induction in patients with severely active UC. Sequential therapies could rescue patients with UC who failed initial treatment with TAC or IFX. In clinical practice, sequential therapies might be deliberately performed
Refractoriness of intestinal Behçet's disease with myelodysplastic syndrome involving trisomy 8 to medical therapies - our case experience and review of the literature.
Background/Aims: Gastrointestinal lesions of Behçet's disease (BD) are often refractory to medical therapy and sometimes result in serious comorbidities such as gastrointestinal perforation and massive bleeding. There are several reports of patients with BD comorbid with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) involving trisomy 8 that frequently have intestinal lesions refractory to conventional medical therapy. Little is known about the efficacy of infliximab (IFX) for these intestinal lesions. Methods: We present 2 cases of intestinal BD with MDS involving trisomy 8 who did not respond to IFX, and review previous reports of BD with MDS involving trisomy 8 concerning their responsiveness to conventional medical therapy. Results: Among 31 previously reported cases that received medical treatment for BD, 19 (61.3%) showed temporary improvement of the BD symptoms, 9 (29.0%) deteriorated, and 3 (9.7%) showed no change. All of the 9 cases that showed deterioration had intestinal lesions. Our 2 cases failed to respond to IFX, resulting in a poor prognosis. Conclusions: IFX might not be effective for improving intestinal BD comorbid with MDS involving trisomy 8. Trisomy 8 is associated with the BD prognosis and refractoriness to conventional medical therapy
Effect of intensive granulocyte and monocyte adsorptive apheresis in patients with ulcerative colitis positive for cytomegalovirus.
[Background and aim]Cytomegalovirus (CMV) exacerbates ulcerative colitis (UC) refractory to immunosuppressive therapies. The conditions under which CMV reactivation occurs in patients with UC, however, is unclear. In addition, the diagnostic and treatment strategies for UC positive for CMV have not been established. Granulocyte and monocyte adsorptive apheresis (GMAA) is natural biological therapy for UC in which the granulocytes/macrophages producing inflammatory cytokines are removed. We investigated the rate of colonic CMV reactivation and the efficacy of GMAA in active UC patients positive for CMV without concomitant corticosteroid (CS) therapy. [Methods]Fifty-one active UC patients without concomitant CS therapy were enrolled. Colonic CMV reactivation was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using biopsy specimen and/or histological examination. All patients were treated with intensive GMAA (twice per week). Rates of clinical remission and mucosal healing were compared between UC patients positive and negative for CMV. [Results]Of 51 patients, 15 (29.4%) were diagnosed as CMV positive. The clinical remission rates following intensive GMAA did not differ between UC patients positive and negative for CMV (73.3% vs 69.4%, p = 0.781). Proportion of patients achieving mucosal healing was also similar between these two groups. CMV-DNA became negative in all UC patients positive for CMV who achieved clinical remission 1 week after completion of intensive GMAA. [Conclusions]Intestinal inflammation might trigger CMV reactivation in a subpopulation of active UC patients without CS treatment. GMAA could be a promising option for active UC positive for CMV