La educaci?n superior en Ibagu?: entre el mercado, lo end?geno y lo social

123 P?ginasLa investigaci?n: ?La educaci?n superior en Ibagu?: entre el mercado, lo end?geno y lo social?, realiza una caracterizaci?n de las tres principales universidades de la ciudad de Ibagu?: Universidad del Tolima, Universidad de Ibagu? y Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, de acuerdo a su quehacer misional. Se espera con este ejercicio generar un marco de referencia de la situaci?n de dos de las principales universidades privadas y de la principal universidad p?blica de la ciudad de Ibagu? que sirva de base a las mismas para reorientar, fortalecer o modificar su accionar en virtud de las necesidades espec?ficas del contexto local, regional, nacional y global. La revisi?n de los antecedentes permiti? detectar la recurrencia de la universidad en el concierto acad?mico - investigativo mundial, resaltando en los estudios la situaci?n de crisis en la que se encuentra en la actualidad, haciendo necesaria su reformulaci?n, en pro de su adhesi?n a los nuevos escenarios sociales, econ?micos y pol?ticos. Para efectos del presente trabajo, adoptamos las propuestas de universidad establecidas por el Dr. Luis Alberto Malag?n Plata: Universidad End?gena, de mercado y social, quien las define como las tres tendencias contempor?neas en torno al discurso de la educaci?n superior. La caracterizaci?n muestra c?mo las dos universidades del sector privado se relacionan con el discurso de las universidades de mercado y la del sector p?blico al discurso end?geno, distinto a lo que se supondr?a, dado el car?cter en teor?a social de esta ?ltima. Esta caracterizaci?n se realiz? a partir del estudio de los documentos institucionales y de la recolecci?n de informaci?n a trav?s de entrevistas focalizadas, las cuales tuvieron como sujetos a egresados de cada una de las universidades estudiadas.ABSTRACT. The research: ?The higher education in Ibague: among the market, the endogenous and the social?, has as a purpose to make a characterization of three of the main universities from the city of Ibague: University of Tolima, University of Ibague and Cooperative University of Colombia, according with their missionary job. With this exercise it is expected to generate a framework of the situation from two of the main private universities and from the main public university of the city of Ibague. It will be used for these universities as a basis to redirect, reinforce or modifying their work according to the specific needs of the local, regional, national and global context. The background review allowed figuring out the recurrence of the university in the global academic-research context, mentioning into these studies the situation of crisis in which the university is involved nowadays, making necessary its re-definition on behalf of its joining to the new social, economic and political scenarios. For this this research, we adopted the university proposals established by the PhD Luis Alberto Malag?n Plata: Endogenous, market and social university, which he defines as the three contemporary trends about the higher education policies. The characterization evidenced the way as the two private universities are related with the policies of the market university and the public university with the endogenous one. These results become different to the expected ones due to the assumption of social nature attributed to this public university. This characterization was developed through the analysis of institutional documents and information gathered by mean of focused interviews made to graduates from each one of the universities involved.INTRODUCCION 9 1. JUSTIFICACION 11 2. PREGUNTAS DE INVESTIGACION 14 3. OBJETIVOS 15 3.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL 15 3.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS 15 4. ANTECEDENTES 16 5. REFERENTES TEORICOS 35 5.1 UNIVERSIDAD END?GENA 37 5.2 UNIVERSIDAD DE MERCADO 40 5.3 UNIVERSIDAD SOCIAL 46 6. METODOLOGIA 54 6.1 DISE?O METODOL?GICO 54 6.2 LA ESTRATEGIA Y EL ENFOQUE DE INVESTIGACI?N 54 6.3 EL CASO 58 6.4 T?CNICAS E INSTRUMENTOS 59 6.4.1 Los Instrumentos 60 6.4.2 Los Temas 60 6.5 UNIDADES DE AN?LISIS 61 6.6 AN?LISIS E INTERPRETACI?N DE LA INFORMACI?N 61 7. ORGANIZACI?N Y AN?LISIS DE LA INFORMACI?N 66 7.1 AN?LISIS DE DOCUMENTOS 67 7.2 DOCUMENTOS INSTITUCIONALES 67 7.2.1 Universidad del Tolima 67 7.2.2 Universidad de Ibagu? 71 7.2.3 Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia 78 7.2.4 An?lisis de documentos institucionales 84 7.3 ENTREVISTAS 88 7.3.1 Las Preguntas 89 7.4 UNIVERSIDAD DEL TOLIMA 90 7.5 UNIVERSIDAD DE IBAGU? 92 7.6 UNIVERSIDAD COOPERATIVA DE COLOMBIA 95 7.7 AN?LISIS DE LAS ENTREVISTAS 98 7.8 CARACTERIZACION DE LAS TRES PRINCIPALES UNIVERSIDADES DE LA CIUDAD DE IBAGU? 107 8. CONCLUSIONES 112 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS 116 ANEXOS 12

Caracterización de los recursos escolares ambientales (REAM) en los colegios de la provincia sabana centro de Cundinamarca – Colombia

This paper presents research advances in the characterization of Environmental School Resources (REAM) in official and private schools in the Sabana Centro Province of Cundinamarca - Colombia. Through a methodology with a qualitative approach and a descriptive scope, the presence or absence of OER was studied in the information of the institutional web pages. The results show that of the 451 schools in the province only 43 schools show their REAM, the majority of private schools, predominantly the implementation of gardens, school farms, and reforestation programs that are linked to the School Environmental Projects (PRAE).Este trabajo presenta resultados de investigación de la caracterización de los Recursos Escolares Ambientales (REAM) en los colegios oficiales y privados en la provincia Sabana Centro de Cundinamarca – Colombia. Mediante una metodología con enfoque cualitativo y un alcance descriptivo se estudió la presencia o ausencia de los REAM en la información de las páginas web institucionales. Los resultados muestran que de los 451 colegios de la provincia solo 43 colegios presentan sus REAM, la mayoría de colegios privados, predominando la implementación de huertas / jardines y granjas escolares y programas de reforestación que están articulados a los Proyectos Ambientales Escolares (PRAE)

Investigación pedagógica en Bogotá : horizontes desde el programa Maestros y Maestras que Inspiran 2021

251 páginasPublicación resultado de la sistematización de experiencias de docentes participantes en el programa Maestros y Maestras que Inspiran, 2021. «Si quisiéramos mejorar la educación deberíamos mejorar la calidad de sus docentes […] Esto implica cultivar la curiosidad, la mirada crítica y buscarle significado al mundo que nos rodea, apreciando dónde está lo importante y siendo capaces de entender y describir por qué es importante. Los textos —de este compilado— dan cuenta de esas búsquedas y aquellos encuentros […] los autores nos dicen, de diferentes maneras, que la educación es la gran oportunidad, que una nueva escuela es necesaria y posible» Agustín Porre

Cultura de investigación para la innovación y el emprendimiento

El libro se encuentra dividido en tres ejes temáticos : el primero trata temas de Investigación aplicada con dos capítulos, el segundo eje contiene los capítulos tres al seis y aborda temas de innovación en procesos con temas de software y competitividad empresarial; el eje tres innovación en servicios y en producción, del capítulo siete al doce aborda temas tan interesantes como las realidades de la internacionalización de servicios, logística hospitalaria, modelo de diagnóstico para el desarrollo socio-económico y modelo de microcréditos.The book is divided into three thematic axes: the first deals with issues of applied research with two chapters, the second axis contains chapters three to six and addresses issues of innovation in processes with issues of software and business competitiveness; axis three innovation in services and production, from chapter seven to twelve, addresses such interesting topics as the realities of the internationalization of services, hospital logistics, a diagnostic model for socio-economic development and a microcredit model.Cómo fomentar la investigación científica y la innovación empresarial desde una unidad de emprendimiento / Carlos Andres Zamudio Delgado, Johemir Pérez Pertuz -- Cambio y variabilidad cognitiva en el desarrollo de competencias financieras en niños y niñas de 7 años / Luis Guillermo Rojas Gómez -- FINEVA: el software para el análisis financiero de la internacionalización empresarial / Guillermo Rafael Angulo Vega, Lissette Salomé Ortíz Gallardo, Johel Andrés García Vargas -- Responsabilidad social del contador público desde su proceso de formación para fortalecer la gestión contable de microempresarios en la localidad de suba upz rincón Bogotá Colombia / Nadia Ávila, Ana C. Pinzón Vargas -- Competitividad e innovación en el aprendiz SENA: perspectivas de formación / René Alexander Guerrero Vergel, Ferly Antonio Valencia Serna, Elizabeth Tuberquia Vanegas -- Diseño y desarrollo de una aplicación de escritorio para la homologación contable de módulos sap systeme anwendungen und produkte / Nelson Giovanni Agudelo Cristancho, Ángela María Montoya, Juan Carlos Amezquita Tovar -- Realidades de la internacionalización de servicios en Colombia: una revisión de literatura (1994-2017) / Campo Elías López Rodríguez, Juan Carlos Ligarreto Parra, Haroldo Enrique Puerta Cabarcas -- Logística hospitalaria: caracterización de la operación de una sala de urgencias en la ciudad de Ibagué / Julián Alonso Garzón Quiroga, Jaime Alberto Villada Garcés -- Estudio de la evolución de la huella ocular como mecanismo de seguridad para las entidades financieras / Laura Valentina García Pérez, Karen Valentina Cetina Huérfano, Ashly Valeria Mercado Rojas, Ana C Pinzón Vargas -- Cómo vincular la información que brinda la contabilidad de gestión ambiental con los proyectos de emprendimiento / Daniel Isaac Roque -- Modelo diagnóstico para el desarrollo socio- productivo de la chamba en la post cosecha / Marina Casallas Silva, Jimmy Daniel Gamba Casallas, Wilson Ferney Molano -- Modelo de microcréditos para el sistema financiero / José Gerardo Vaca Lombanana232 página

Association between T2-related co-morbidities and effectiveness of biologics in severe asthma

Acknowledgments The authors thank Mr. Joash Tan (BSc, Hons), of the Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute (OPRI), and Ms Andrea Lim (BSc, Hons) of the Observational Pragmatic Research Institute (OPRI) for their editorial and formatting assistance that supported the development of this publication. Funding statement: This study was conducted by the Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute (OPRI) Pte Ltd and was partially funded by Optimum Patient Care Global and AstraZeneca Ltd. AstraZeneca UK LimitedPeer reviewe

Gestión del conocimiento: perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 11

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, Volumen 11, de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro cuenta con el apoyo de los grupos de investigación: Universidad Sur del Lago “Jesús María Semprúm” (UNESUR), Zulia – Venezuela; Universidad Politécnica Territorial de Falcón Alonso Gamero (UPTAG), Falcón – Venezuela; Universidad Politécnica Territorial de Mérida Kleber Ramírez (UPTM), Mérida – Venezuela; Universidad Guanajuato (UG) - Campus Celaya - Salvatierra - Cuerpo Académico de Biodesarrollo y Bioeconomía en las Organizaciones y Políticas Públicas (C.A.B.B.O.P.P), Guanajuato – México; Centro de Altos Estudios de Venezuela (CEALEVE), Zulia – Venezuela, Centro Integral de Formación Educativa Especializada del Sur (CIFE - SUR) - Zulia - Venezuela, Centro de Investigaciones Internacionales SAS (CIN), Antioquia - Colombia.y diferentes grupos de investigación del ámbito nacional e internacional que hoy se unen para estrechar vínculos investigativos, para que sus aportes científicos formen parte de los libros que se publiquen en formatos digital e impreso

XVI International Congress of Control Electronics and Telecommunications: "Techno-scientific considerations for a post-pandemic world intensive in knowledge, innovation and sustainable local development"

Este título, sugestivo por los impactos durante la situación de la Covid 19 en el mundo, y que en Colombia lastimosamente han sido muy críticos, permiten asumir la obligada superación de tensiones sociales, políticas, y económicas; pero sobre todo científicas y tecnológicas. Inicialmente, esto supone la existencia de una capacidad de la sociedad colombiana por recuperar su estado inicial después de que haya cesado la perturbación a la que fue sometida por la catastrófica pandemia, y superar ese anterior estado de cosas ya que se encontraban -y aún se encuentran- muchos problemas locales mal resueltos, medianamente resueltos, y muchos sin resolver: es decir, habrá que rediseñar y fortalecer una probada resiliencia social existente - producto del prolongado conflicto social colombiano superado parcialmente por un proceso de paz exitoso - desde la tecnociencia local; como lo indicaba Markus Brunnermeier - economista alemán y catedrático de economía de la Universidad de Princeton- en su libro The Resilient Society…La cuestión no es preveerlo todo sino poder reaccionar…aprender a recuperarse rápido.This title, suggestive of the impacts during the Covid 19 situation in the world, and which have unfortunately been very critical in Colombia, allows us to assume the obligatory overcoming of social, political, and economic tensions; but above all scientific and technological. Initially, this supposes the existence of a capacity of Colombian society to recover its initial state after the disturbance to which it was subjected by the catastrophic pandemic has ceased, and to overcome that previous state of affairs since it was found -and still is find - many local problems poorly resolved, moderately resolved, and many unresolved: that is, an existing social resilience test will have to be redesigned and strengthened - product of the prolonged Colombian social conflict partially overcome by a successful peace process - from local technoscience; As Markus Brunnermeier - German economist and professor of economics at Princeton University - indicates in his book The Resilient Society...The question is not to foresee everything but to be able to react...learn to recover quickly.Bogot

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the Largest HIV-1 CRF02_AG Outbreak in Spain: Evidence for Onward Transmissions

Background and Aim: The circulating recombinant form 02_AG (CRF02_AG) is the predominant clade among the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) non-Bs with a prevalence of 5.97% (95% Confidence Interval-CI: 5.41–6.57%) across Spain. Our aim was to estimate the levels of regional clustering for CRF02_AG and the spatiotemporal characteristics of the largest CRF02_AG subepidemic in Spain.Methods: We studied 396 CRF02_AG sequences obtained from HIV-1 diagnosed patients during 2000–2014 from 10 autonomous communities of Spain. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the 391 CRF02_AG sequences along with all globally sampled CRF02_AG sequences (N = 3,302) as references. Phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis was performed to the largest CRF02_AG monophyletic cluster by a Bayesian method in BEAST v1.8.0 and by reconstructing ancestral states using the criterion of parsimony in Mesquite v3.4, respectively.Results: The HIV-1 CRF02_AG prevalence differed across Spanish autonomous communities we sampled from (p < 0.001). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 52.7% of the CRF02_AG sequences formed 56 monophyletic clusters, with a range of 2–79 sequences. The CRF02_AG regional dispersal differed across Spain (p = 0.003), as suggested by monophyletic clustering. For the largest monophyletic cluster (subepidemic) (N = 79), 49.4% of the clustered sequences originated from Madrid, while most sequences (51.9%) had been obtained from men having sex with men (MSM). Molecular clock analysis suggested that the origin (tMRCA) of the CRF02_AG subepidemic was in 2002 (median estimate; 95% Highest Posterior Density-HPD interval: 1999–2004). Additionally, we found significant clustering within the CRF02_AG subepidemic according to the ethnic origin.Conclusion: CRF02_AG has been introduced as a result of multiple introductions in Spain, following regional dispersal in several cases. We showed that CRF02_AG transmissions were mostly due to regional dispersal in Spain. The hot-spot for the largest CRF02_AG regional subepidemic in Spain was in Madrid associated with MSM transmission risk group. The existence of subepidemics suggest that several spillovers occurred from Madrid to other areas. CRF02_AG sequences from Hispanics were clustered in a separate subclade suggesting no linkage between the local and Hispanic subepidemics

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat