Compensations in Information Collecting Situations

How to compensate people who provide relevant information to a decision-maker who faces uncertainty?This paper suggests some compensation rules.These are studied both in a cooperative and a noncooperative environment.information;game theory;decision making;uncertainty

Cones of Games arising from Market Entry Problems

Market entry situations are modelled, where an entrepreneur has to decide for a collection of markets which market to enter and which not. The entrepreneur can improve his prior information by making use of a group of informants, each of them knowing the situation in one or more markets. For such a market entry situation a related cooperative game is introduced, which can be helpful in dealing with the question of how to share the reward of cooperation. The games arising turn out to be elements of the cone of information market games which were introduced for another economic context. This implies that the cooperative solutions of these games have interesting properties. Extra attention is paid to the subcone of information market games arising from market entry situations where for each market only one informant knows the state of the market.cooperative games;information market entry;information market games

Cooperative Games arising from Information Sharing Situations

Relations are established between information sharing (IS) situations and IS-games on one hand and information collecting (IC) situations and IC-games on the other hand. It is shown that IC-games can be obtained as convex combinations of so-called local games. Properties are described which IC-games possess if all related local games have the respective properties. Special attention is paid to the classes of convex IC-games and of k-concave IC-games. This last class turns out to consist of total big boss games. For the class of total big boss games a new solution concept is introduced: bi-monotonic allocation schemes.cooperative games;information;big boss games;bi-monotonic allocation scheme

A Radiation hard bandgap reference circuit in a standard 0.13um CMOS Technology

With ongoing CMOS evolution, the gate-oxide thickness steadily decreases, resulting in an increased radiation tolerance of MOS transistors. Combined with special layout techniques, this yields circuits with a high inherent robustness against X-rays and other ionizing radiation. In bandgap voltage references, the dominant radiation-susceptibility is then no longer associated with the MOS transistors, but is dominated by the diodes. This paper gives an analysis of radiation effects in both MOSdevices and diodes and presents a solution to realize a radiation-hard voltage reference circuit in a standard CMOS technology. A demonstrator circuit was implemented in a standard 0.13 m CMOS technology. Measurements show correct operation with supply voltages in the range from 1.4 V down to 0.85 V, a reference voltage of 405 mV 7.5 mV ( = 6mVchip-to-chip statistical spread), and a reference voltage shift of only 1.5 mV (around 0.8%) under irradiation up to 44 Mrad (Si)

Cooperative Games arising from Information Sharing Situations

Relations are established between information sharing (IS) situations and IS-games on one hand and information collecting (IC) situations and IC-games on the other hand. It is shown that IC-games can be obtained as convex combinations of so-called local games. Properties are described which IC-games possess if all related local games have the respective properties. Special attention is paid to the classes of convex IC-games and of k-concave IC-games. This last class turns out to consist of total big boss games. For the class of total big boss games a new solution concept is introduced: bi-monotonic allocation schemes.

X-ray Variability Characteristics of the Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 3783

We have characterized the energy-dependent X-ray variability properties of the Seyfert~1 galaxy NGC 3783 using archival XMM-Newton and Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer data. The high-frequency fluctuation power spectral density function (PSD) slope is consistent with flattening towards higher energies. Light curve cross correlation functions yield no significant lags, but peak coefficients generally decrease as energy separation of the bands increases on both short and long timescales. We have measured the coherence between various X-ray bands over the temporal frequency range of 6e-8 to 1e-4 Hz; this range includes the temporal frequency of the low-frequency power spectral density function (PSD) break tentatively detected by Markowitz et al. and includes the lowest temporal frequency over which coherence has been measured in any AGN to date. Coherence is generally near unity at these temporal frequencies, though it decreases slightly as energy separation of the bands increases. Temporal frequency-dependent phase lags are detected on short time scales; phase lags are consistent with increasing as energy separation increases or as temporal frequency decreases. All of these results are similar to those obtained previously for several Seyfert galaxies and stellar-mass black hole systems. Qualitatively, these results are consistent with the variability models of Kotov et al. and Lyubarskii, wherein the X-ray variability is due to inwardly propagating variations in the local mass accretion rate.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, 2005, vol. 635, p. 180; version 2 has minor grammatical changes; 23 pages; uses emulateapj