Structural Insight v3: A stand-alone program for micro structural analysis of computed tomography volumes

Structural Insight is a software for the analysis of 3D quantitative computed tomography volumes with a special weight for the analysis of the trabecular microstructure of human vertebrae.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Three-dimensional multifractal analysis of trabecular bone under clinical computed tomography

Purpose: An adequate understanding of bone structural properties is critical for predicting fragility conditions caused by diseases such as osteoporosis, and in gauging the success of fracture prevention treatments. In this work we aim to develop multiresolution image analysis techniques to extrapolate high-resolution images predictive power to images taken in clinical conditions. Methods: We performed multifractal analysis (MFA) on a set of 17 ex vivo human vertebrae clinical CT scans. The vertebræ failure loads (FFailure) were experimentally measured. We combined bone mineral density (BMD) with different multifractal dimensions, and BMD with multiresolution statistics (e.g., skewness, kurtosis) of MFA curves, to obtain linear models to predict FFailure. Furthermore we obtained short- and long-term precisions from simulated in vivo scans, using a clinical CT scanner. Ground-truth data - high-resolution images - were obtained with a High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (HRpQCT) scanner. Results: At the same level of detail, BMD combined with traditional multifractal descriptors (Lipschitz-Hölder exponents), and BMD with monofractal features showed similar prediction powers in predicting FFailure (87%, adj. R2). However, at different levels of details, the prediction power of BMD with multifractal features raises to 92% (adj. R2) of FFailure. Our main finding is that a simpler but slightly less accurate model, combining BMD and the skewness of the resulting multifractal curves, predicts 90% (adj. R2) of FFailure. Conclusions: Compared to monofractal and standard bone measures, multifractal analysis captured key insights in the conditions leading to FFailure. Instead of raw multifractal descriptors, the statistics of multifractal curves can be used in several other contexts, facilitating further research.Fil: Baravalle, Rodrigo Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Centro Internacional Franco Argentino de Ciencias de la Información y de Sistemas. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Centro Internacional Franco Argentino de Ciencias de la Información y de Sistemas; ArgentinaFil: Thomsen, Felix Sebastian Leo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Delrieux, Claudio Augusto. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Lu, Yongtao. Dalian University of Technology; ChinaFil: Gómez, Juan Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Centro Internacional Franco Argentino de Ciencias de la Información y de Sistemas. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Centro Internacional Franco Argentino de Ciencias de la Información y de Sistemas; ArgentinaFil: Stošić, Borko. Universidade Federal Rural Pernambuco; BrasilFil: Stošić, Tatijana. Universidade Federal Rural Pernambuco; Brasi

Structural Insight v3: A stand-alone program for micro structural analysis of computed tomography volumes

Structural Insight is a software for the analysis of 3D quantitative computed tomography volumes with a special weight for the analysis of the trabecular microstructure of human vertebrae.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

A Proof of Concept for Matchete: An Automated Tool for Matching Effective Theories

Studying the impact of new-physics models on low-energy observables necessitates matching to effective field theories at the relevant mass thresholds. We introduce the first public version of Matchete, a computer tool for matching weakly-coupled models at one-loop order. It uses functional methods to directly compute all matching contributions in a manifestly gauge-covariant manner, while simplification methods eliminate redundant operators from the output. We sketch the workings of the program and provide examples of how to match simple Standard Model extensions. The package, documentation, and example notebooks are publicly available at https://gitlab.com/matchete/matchete.Comment: 27 pages, 2 figures, The code and example notebooks are publicly available at https://gitlab.com/matchete/matchet

SuperTracer: a calculator of functional supertraces for one-loop EFT matching

We present SuperTracer, a Mathematica package aimed at facilitating the functional matching procedure for generic UV models. This package automates the most tedious parts of one-loop functional matching computations. Namely, the determination and evaluation of all relevant supertraces, including loop integration and Dirac algebra manipulations. The current version of SuperTracer also contains a limited set of output simplifications. However, a further reduction of the output to a minimal basis using Fierz identities, integration by parts, simplification of Dirac structures, and/or light field redefinitions might still be necessary. The code and example notebooks are publicly available at https://gitlab.com/supertracer/supertracer

Binary Local Fractal Dimension: a Precise Structure Parameter for 3D High Resolution Computed Tomography Images of the Human Spongiosa

We present the Binary Local Fractal Dimension (LFD) to analyze osteoporosis induced fracture risk with clinical 3D high resolution quantitative computed tomographic (HRCT) images of human vertebrae. We test if LFD parameters provide precise additional information besides bone mineral density (BMD) and standard descriptors of bone quality, for example bone surface ratio (BS/BV). We define a weighted LFD (wLFD) using the ¯R2 of the H¨older exponents. We compare the LFD with standard methods (distance transform, direct secant method and run-length method) on 5 vertebrae × 8 volumes of interest and 5 repeated scans. The wLFD contains the highest direct and BMD-independent precision (R2 = 0.985 and R2 = 0.949), followed by BS/BV (R2 = 0.977 and R2 = 0.920) including low correlation with BMD (wLFD: R2 = 0.704, BS/BV: R2 = 0.814). LFD improves the translation from reference μCT- to clinical HRCT-resolution. In conclusion, LFD provides a strong diagnostic tool to characterize bone quality to predict osteoporosis induced fracture risk.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Binary Local Fractal Dimension: a Precise Structure Parameter for 3D High Resolution Computed Tomography Images of the Human Spongiosa

We present the Binary Local Fractal Dimension (LFD) to analyze osteoporosis induced fracture risk with clinical 3D high resolution quantitative computed tomographic (HRCT) images of human vertebrae. We test if LFD parameters provide precise additional information besides bone mineral density (BMD) and standard descriptors of bone quality, for example bone surface ratio (BS/BV). We define a weighted LFD (wLFD) using the ¯R2 of the H¨older exponents. We compare the LFD with standard methods (distance transform, direct secant method and run-length method) on 5 vertebrae × 8 volumes of interest and 5 repeated scans. The wLFD contains the highest direct and BMD-independent precision (R2 = 0.985 and R2 = 0.949), followed by BS/BV (R2 = 0.977 and R2 = 0.920) including low correlation with BMD (wLFD: R2 = 0.704, BS/BV: R2 = 0.814). LFD improves the translation from reference μCT- to clinical HRCT-resolution. In conclusion, LFD provides a strong diagnostic tool to characterize bone quality to predict osteoporosis induced fracture risk.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Binary Local Fractal Dimension: a Precise Structure Parameter for 3D High Resolution Computed Tomography Images of the Human Spongiosa

We present the Binary Local Fractal Dimension (LFD) to analyze osteoporosis induced fracture risk with clinical 3D high resolution quantitative computed tomographic (HRCT) images of human vertebrae. We test if LFD parameters provide precise additional information besides bone mineral density (BMD) and standard descriptors of bone quality, for example bone surface ratio (BS/BV). We define a weighted LFD (wLFD) using the ¯R2 of the H¨older exponents. We compare the LFD with standard methods (distance transform, direct secant method and run-length method) on 5 vertebrae × 8 volumes of interest and 5 repeated scans. The wLFD contains the highest direct and BMD-independent precision (R2 = 0.985 and R2 = 0.949), followed by BS/BV (R2 = 0.977 and R2 = 0.920) including low correlation with BMD (wLFD: R2 = 0.704, BS/BV: R2 = 0.814). LFD improves the translation from reference μCT- to clinical HRCT-resolution. In conclusion, LFD provides a strong diagnostic tool to characterize bone quality to predict osteoporosis induced fracture risk.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ