1,064 research outputs found
Back to Addams and Richmond: Was Social Work Really a Divided House in the Beginning?
Social work has experienced unique tensions related to its professional identity and dual purpose of social reform and individualized treatment. Scholars have represented this dual purpose, epitomized by Jane Addams and Mary Richmond, as indicating irreconcilable differences. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the writings and speeches of Mary Richmond and Jane Addams, and, based on this inquiry, to assert that their respective approaches to social work are much more unified than often suggested. Specific themes examined include: acceptance and need for each other’s perspectives; compatibility and unity of perspectives; and their collaboration as critical for effecting social change. With this more complex understanding of Richmond and Addams, the authors speculate about how a more holistic approach to social work practice is needed in the 21st century
Back to Addams and Richmond: Was Social Work Really A Divided House in the Beginning?
Social work has experienced unique tensions related to its professional identity and dual purpose of social reform and individualized treatment. Scholars have represented this dual purpose, epitomized by Jane Addams and Mary Richmond, as indicating irreconcilable differences. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the writings and speeches of Mary Richmond and Jane Addams, and, based on this inquiry, to assert that their respective approaches to social work are much more unified than often suggested. Specific themes examined include: acceptance and need for each other’s perspectives; compatibility and unity of perspectives; and their collaboration as critical for effecting social change. With this more complex understanding of Richmond and Addams, the authors speculate about how a more holistic approach to social work practice is needed in the 21st century
Meaningful associations in the adolescent brain cognitive development study
The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is the largest single-cohort prospective longitudinal study of neurodevelopment and children\u27s health in the United States. A cohort of n = 11,880 children aged 9-10 years (and their parents/guardians) were recruited across 22 sites and are being followed with in-person visits on an annual basis for at least 10 years. The study approximates the US population on several key sociodemographic variables, including sex, race, ethnicity, household income, and parental education. Data collected include assessments of health, mental health, substance use, culture and environment and neurocognition, as well as geocoded exposures, structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and whole-genome genotyping. Here, we describe the ABCD Study aims and design, as well as issues surrounding estimation of meaningful associations using its data, including population inferences, hypothesis testing, power and precision, control of covariates, interpretation of associations, and recommended best practices for reproducible research, analytical procedures and reporting of results
Relative multiplexing for minimizing switching in linear-optical quantum computing
Many existing schemes for linear-optical quantum computing (LOQC) depend on
multiplexing (MUX), which uses dynamic routing to enable near-deterministic
gates and sources to be constructed using heralded, probabilistic primitives.
MUXing accounts for the overwhelming majority of active switching demands in
current LOQC architectures. In this manuscript, we introduce relative
multiplexing (RMUX), a general-purpose optimization which can dramatically
reduce the active switching requirements for MUX in LOQC, and thereby reduce
hardware complexity and energy consumption, as well as relaxing demands on
performance for various photonic components. We discuss the application of RMUX
to the generation of entangled states from probabilistic single-photon sources,
and argue that an order of magnitude improvement in the rate of generation of
Bell states can be achieved. In addition, we apply RMUX to the proposal for
percolation of a 3D cluster state in [PRL 115, 020502 (2015)], and we find that
RMUX allows a 2.4x increase in loss tolerance for this architecture.Comment: Published version, New Journal of Physics, Volume 19, June 201
Masculinity, socioeconomic status, and self-reported health among African American men
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of masculinity and socioeconomic status (i.e., income) on the self-reported health of a sample of African American men. Study participants (n = 122) were barbershop patrons from Chicago, Illinois, who ranged in age from 18 to 66. We used logistic regression to assess the relationship between masculinity and self-reported health. Masculinity was measured as the average of responses to a subset of 10 items from the Male Role Norms Inventory and the Male Attitude Norms Inventory II. Self-reported health was measured with a five point Likert scale and dichotomized as excellent versus other health status. Analyses suggested that masculinity, but not socioeconomic status, was positively associated with excellent self-reported health. Such results offer understanding of how masculinity and self-reported health impact health outcomes in African American men.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/167002/1/Thompson_Watkins_2016 masculinity SES and selfrated health AA men.pdfDescription of Thompson_Watkins_2016 masculinity SES and selfrated health AA men.pdf : Main Article doi:10.2979/spectrum.4.2.0
The pulsating hot subdwarf Balloon 090100001: results of the 2005 multisite campaign
We present the results of a multisite photometric campaign on the pulsating
sdB star Balloon 090100001. The star is one of the two known hybrid hot
subdwarfs with both long- and short-period oscillations. The campaign involved
eight telescopes with three obtaining UBVR data, four B-band data, and one
Stromgren uvby photometry. The campaign covered 48 nights, providing a temporal
resolution of 0.36microHz with a detection threshold of about 0.2mmag in
B-filter data.
Balloon 090100001 has the richest pulsation spectrum of any known pulsating
subdwarf B star and our analysis detected 114 frequencies including 97
independent and 17 combination ones. The strongest mode (f_1) in the 2.8mHz
region is most likely radial while the remaining ones in this region form two
nearly symmetric multiplets: a triplet and quintuplet, attributed to
rotationally split \ell=1 and 2 modes, respectively. We find clear increases of
splitting in both multiplets between the 2004 and 2005 observing campaigns,
amounting to 15% on average. The observed splittings imply that the rotational
rate in Bal09 depends on stellar latitude and is the fastest on the equator. We
use a small grid of models to constrain the main mode (f_1), which most likely
represents the radial fundamental pulsation. The groups of p-mode frequencies
appear to lie in the vicinity of consecutive radial overtones, up to the third
one. Despite the large number of g-mode frequencies observed, we failed to
identify them, most likely because of the disruption of asymptotic behaviour by
mode trapping. The observed frequencies were not, however, fully exploited in
terms of seismic analysis which should be done in the future with a larger grid
of reliable evolutionary models of hot subdwarfs.Comment: accepted for publication in MNRA
On the experimental verification of quantum complexity in linear optics
The first quantum technologies to solve computational problems that are
beyond the capabilities of classical computers are likely to be devices that
exploit characteristics inherent to a particular physical system, to tackle a
bespoke problem suited to those characteristics. Evidence implies that the
detection of ensembles of photons, which have propagated through a linear
optical circuit, is equivalent to sampling from a probability distribution that
is intractable to classical simulation. However, it is probable that the
complexity of this type of sampling problem means that its solution is
classically unverifiable within a feasible number of trials, and the task of
establishing correct operation becomes one of gathering sufficiently convincing
circumstantial evidence. Here, we develop scalable methods to experimentally
establish correct operation for this class of sampling algorithm, which we
implement with two different types of optical circuits for 3, 4, and 5 photons,
on Hilbert spaces of up to 50,000 dimensions. With only a small number of
trials, we establish a confidence >99% that we are not sampling from a uniform
distribution or a classical distribution, and we demonstrate a unitary specific
witness that functions robustly for small amounts of data. Like the algorithmic
operations they endorse, our methods exploit the characteristics native to the
quantum system in question. Here we observe and make an application of a
"bosonic clouding" phenomenon, interesting in its own right, where photons are
found in local groups of modes superposed across two locations. Our broad
approach is likely to be practical for all architectures for quantum
technologies where formal verification methods for quantum algorithms are
either intractable or unknown.Comment: Comments welcom
3' tag digital gene expression profiling of human brain and universal reference RNA using Illumina Genome Analyzer
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Massive parallel sequencing has the potential to replace microarrays as the method for transcriptome profiling. Currently there are two protocols: full-length RNA sequencing (RNA-SEQ) and 3'-tag digital gene expression (DGE). In this preliminary effort, we evaluated the 3' DGE approach using two reference RNA samples from the MicroArray Quality Control Consortium (MAQC).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Using Brain RNA sample from multiple runs, we demonstrated that the transcript profiles from 3' DGE were highly reproducible between technical and biological replicates from libraries constructed by the same lab and even by different labs, and between two generations of Illumina's Genome Analyzers. Approximately 65% of all sequence reads mapped to mitochondrial genes, ribosomal RNAs, and canonical transcripts. The expression profiles of brain RNA and universal human reference RNA were compared which demonstrated that DGE was also highly quantitative with excellent correlation of differential expression with quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, one lane of 3' DGE sequencing, using the current sequencing chemistry and image processing software, had wider dynamic range for transcriptome profiling and was able to detect lower expressed genes which are normally below the detection threshold of microarrays.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>3' tag DGE profiling with massive parallel sequencing achieved high sensitivity and reproducibility for transcriptome profiling. Although it lacks the ability of detecting alternative splicing events compared to RNA-SEQ, it is much more affordable and clearly out-performed microarrays (Affymetrix) in detecting lower abundant transcripts.</p
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