Is There Slow Slip on the Wasatch Fault?

To accurately determine the earthquake hazard posed by a fault, we need to understand both strain accumulation and release along the fault. Strain accumulates during aseismic periods but it is released during fault slip events that can be either seismic or aseismic. Aseismic slow slip events are motions similar to earthquakes but they occur over much longer timescales. Slow slip is not felt at the Earth’s surface but it can be recorded in GPS time series. A deformation modeling tool that was applied in Guerrero, Mexico by Lowry et. al. (2001) fits a hyperbolic tangent function to GPS time series and can be used to distinguish slow slip events from noise in the data and from non-tectonic deformation. Time series from the Plate Boundary Observatory, Wasatch Front GPS Network, and Basin and Range Geodetic Network were analyzed for transient deformation during the period encompassing 2004 to 2008. Data suggests several transient motions including a possible slow slip event beginning in mid-2008 and continuing into 2009. Both seismic and aseismic slip influence the earthquake cycle, and slow fault slip events offer a window into frictional properties on fault surfaces that will rupture in future earthquakes. Consequently, as we increase our understanding of aseismic slip and why it occurs, we eventually may expect to develop predictive models of fault slip through time by combining measurements of aseismic and seismic slip in models that reflect the physics of frictional slip on faults

Racial battle fatigue, role strain, and African-American faculty at public community colleges

African Americans remain disproportionately underrepresented in the faculty ranks at institutions of higher education in the United States. The faculty role is critical to the quality and exchange of teaching and learning, particularly at public community colleges. The extant literature documents how “chilly” campus climates and racially charged encounters can be harmful to African-American faculty. Moreover, along with the traditional responsibilities and demands of the faculty role, African-American faculty members contend with racism, discrimination, and an anti-Black sentiment in academia as a microcosm of society, likely resulting in race-related role strain. Overall, this exploratory study sought to understand the nature and extent to which full-time male and female African-American faculty at public community colleges experience Racial Battle Fatigue because of racial microaggressions (i.e., the exchange and response to race-related mental, emotional, and physical tensions) and the racialized stressors associated with their faculty role

AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIETAL MOTIVATION TO MAINTAIN IRISH AND CLASSROOM MOTIVATION TO LEARN IRISH IN IRELAND

Using a qualitative lens, this study investigates the role the Irish language classroom plays in Irish language maintenance in the Republic o f Ireland. Data collected in the form of participant observation, questionnaires, and interviews provided the information needed to explore this question. The findings of this study suggest that most students view the Irish language as a school subject in which they must succeed in order to graduate. While they recognize the cultural significance of the language, they do not view Irish as a vehicle of communication in their daily lives. As a result, while students are learning Irish, the transmissibility o f the language following secondary school is very low. Furthermore, emerging from this study is the need for a full immersion setting of language learning where students are able to speak the language socially and experience how the Irish language can become a language of their daily lives

PENAL INSTITUTIONS Jails: Provide Law Enforcement Officers with Guidelines for Handling Detainees with Obvious Physical Injuries or Need for Emergency Medical Attention

The Act reduces the penalty imposed upon law enforcement officers for refusing to accept custody of persons charged with or guilty of an indictable offense (detainees). The Act allows law enforcement officers to refuse custody of detainees who have not received medical attention for obvious emergency medical conditions or physical injuries. The Act provides for the disposition of detainees when custody has been refused, when a medical release has been received, or when no public health facility is located in the country. The Act also provides for the payment of costs related to medical assessments

Dog Population & Dog Sheltering Trends in the United States of America

Dog management in the United States has evolved considerably over the last 40 years. This review analyzes available data from the last 30 to 40 years to identify national and local trends. In 1973, The Humane Society of the US (The HSUS) estimated that about 13.5 million animals (64 dogs and cats per 1000 people) were euthanized in the US (about 20% of the pet population) and about 25% of the dog population was still roaming the streets. Intake and euthanasia numbers (national and state level) declined rapidly in the 1970s due to a number of factors, including the implementation of shelter sterilization policies, changes in sterilization practices by private veterinarians and the passage of local ordinances implementing differential licensing fees for intact and sterilized pets. By the mid-1980s, shelter intake had declined by about 50% (The HSUS estimated 7.6–10 million animals euthanized in 1985). Data collected by PetPoint over the past eight years indicate that adoptions increased in the last decade and may have become an additional driver affecting recent euthanasia declines across the US. We suspect that sterilizations, now part of the standard veterinary care, and the level of control of pet dogs exercised by pet owners (roaming dogs are now mostly absent in many US communities) played an important part in the cultural shift in the US, in which a larger proportion of families now regard their pet dogs as “family members”

Relaxation mechanisms of the persistent spin helix

We study the lifetime of the persistent spin helix in semiconductor quantum wells with equal Rashba- and linear Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions. In order to address the temperature dependence of the relevant spin relaxation mechanisms we derive and solve semiclassical spin diffusion equations taking into account spin-dependent impurity scattering, cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions and the effect of electron-electron interactions. For the experimentally relevant regime we find that the lifetime of the persistent spin helix is mainly determined by the interplay of cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction and electron-electron interactions. We propose that even longer lifetimes can be achieved by generating a spatially damped spin profile instead of the persistent spin helix state.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure

Reciprocal Subsidies and Food Web Pathways Leading to Chum Salmon Fry in a Temperate Marine-Terrestrial Ecotone

Stable isotope analysis was used to determine the relative proportions of terrestrial and marine subsidies of carbon to invertebrates along a tidal gradient (low-intertidal, mid-intertidal, high-intertidal, supralittoral) and to determine the relative importance of terrestrial carbon in food web pathways leading to chum salmon fry Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum) in Howe Sound, British Columbia. We found a clear gradient in the proportion of terrestrially derived carbon along the tidal gradient ranging from 68% across all invertebrate taxa in the supralittoral to 25% in the high-intertidal, 20% in the mid-intertidal, and 12% in the low-intertidal. Stable isotope values of chum salmon fry indicated carbon contributions from both terrestrial and marine sources, with terrestrially derived carbon ranging from 12.8 to 61.5% in the muscle tissue of chum salmon fry (mean 30%). Our results provide evidence for reciprocal subsidies of marine and terrestrially derived carbon on beaches in the estuary and suggest that the vegetated supralittoral is an important trophic link in supplying terrestrial carbon to nearshore food webs

Numerical modelling of coupled electro-mechanical problems for the state space controller design

Model development for coupled electro-mechanical problems in light-weight smart structure design is the subject of this paper. The paper addresses development of reliable models for the controller design of piezoelectric smart structures and systems, within an overall design procedure. Model development is based on the finite element (FE) approach, with application of modal reduction techniques for obtaining the state space models convenient for the controller design. Modal truncation and balanced modal reduction are considered as modal reduction techniques, with regard to controllability and observability issues. From the model optimization and verification point of view the experimental modal analysis and identification issues are addressed as well. Examples of model application to controller design document the feasibility of the technique