Диагностирование аномалий температуры атмосферы в сейсмически активных регионах Азии по спутниковым данным

Results of diagnosis of temperature anomalies based on retrospective analysis of long-term timeseries of temperature in separation zone of troposphere and stratosphere over epicenters of 10 strong earthquakes with magnitude of M>6.5 that occurred in different seismically active regions of Asia are presented. Anomalous temperature perturbations were observed in all the studied cases 1-8 days before the main seismic eventПредставлены результаты диагностирования аномалий температуры, основанные на ретроспективном анализе долговременных спутниковых данных в зоне раздела тропосферы и стратосферы над эпицентрами 10 сильных землетрясений магнитудой M>6,5, произошедших в различных сейсмически активных регионах Азии. Аномальные возмущения температуры наблюдались во всех рассмотренных случаях за 1−8 дней до основного сейсмического событи

Predicting stress and mental wellbeing among doctoral researchers

Although mental health in higher education is increasingly recognised as a public health issue, postgraduate research students are often overlooked. Recent studies indicate a high prevalence of mental distress in this population. This study assesses the experience of doctoral researchers and identifies factors influencing mental wellbeing and perceived stress. A cross-sectional study examined how key demographic, individual and contextual factors related to stress and mental wellbeing in a sample of 431 doctoral researchers in the United Kingdom. Respondents gave positive reports about their supervisory relationship and identified feeling confidently prepared for their work. Family support, good general health, sleep and low levels of self-depreciation predicted stronger mental wellbeing and lower levels of stress. Students who were confident about their future career and felt well prepared for their studies were less stressed and those who were achievement orientated had better mental wellbeing. Focused attention on exploring career options and building confidence may help reduce stress among doctoral researchers. Taking steps to tackle the imposter phenomenon may help further. These could include addressing fear of failure, improving confidence in research ability and clarifying the role of doctoral researchers within the wider academic community.Higher Education Funding Council for Englan

Atmospheric Temperature Anomalies During Seismic Activity

Представлены результаты, полученные с использованием разработанной методики диагностирования аномалий температуры и основанные на ретроспективном анализе процессов трансформации профилей температуры в зоне раздела тропосферы и стратосферы над эпицентрами землетрясений энергетического класса K>13.0, произошедших в Северном и Центральном Тянь-Шане с 2003 по 2015 г. Аномальные возмущения температуры наблюдались примерно в 70 % случаев за 1-5 дней до основного сейсмического событияPresented results were obtained by means of methods of temperature anomalies diagnosing and on the basis of retrospective analysis of temperature profiles transformation in border of troposphere and stratosphere over epicenters of earthquakes with energy class of K>13.0, occurred in Northern and Central Tien-Shan during 2003-2015. Abnormal temperature perturbations observed in about 70% of cases in 1–5 days before the main seismic even

Cooking up a storm: Community-led mapping and advocacy with food vendors in Nairobi's informal settlements

Food security is rarely prioritised in African cities, and food vendors are similarly ignored or stigmatised, despite providing a range of affordable, accessible meals. Furthermore, past research and urban policies usually overlook food hawkers selling inside informal settlements. Based on participatory research in Nairobi, this paper aims to address the invisibility of vendors in informal settlements and to inform more appropriate, inclusive urban food security strategies. Balloon-mapping and other novel mapping techniques were combined with focus group discussions to explore vendors’ practices, challenges, and opportunities for promoting food safety. Our detailed maps, vivid narratives, and community-led strategies may cook up a storm that can create safer foods and more secure livelihoods, with benefits extending across African informal settlements

Finite Element Modeling of Roll Wear during Cold Asymmetric Sheet Rolling of Aluminum Alloy 5083

Since the main purpose of asymmetrical rolling is to impose high shear strains on the sheet, in order to obtain ultrafine grain structure, the friction between the rolls and the sheet has to be kept relatively high. This means that asymmetric rolling is performed with dry rolls. The paper presents a numerical analysis of the roll wear during asymmetric cold rolling of 5083 aluminum alloy. The finite element simulation was used to calculate the amount of roll wear by Usui’s equation. FEM simulations were carried out with using software DEFORM 2D. The influence of the friction coefficient on the roll wear and the material flow was discussed. The sliding velocity, interface pressure and temperature were used to calculate the roll wear. The results of simulation can be used to optimize the asymmetric rolling process to improve surface quality of aluminum sheets