Análisis económico en las familias víctimas del desplazamiento forzoso radicadas en el sector urbano del municipio de Ocaña, Norte de Santander

This article sustains and presents the ideal criteria to develop a diagnosis of the socio-economic impact on families who are victims of forced displacement in the urban sector of Ocaña city, Norte de Santander, thus giving way to the methodological design for the collection of information Establishing the means and corresponding instruments that allow an analysis of the information for the subsequent proposal of facilitative strategies that contribute to the mitigation of the economic impact in these families

The ARTI Framework: Cosmic Rays Atmospheric Background Simulations

ARTI is a complete framework intended to simulate the expected signals produced by the interaction of the secondary particles inside any Water Cherenkov Detector, WCD. ARTI comprises a simulation sequence by integrating three different simulation tools: a) magnetocosmics, to account for the geomagnetic field effects on the primary flux; b) CORSIKA, to simulate the atmospheric showers originated on the complete flux of cosmic rays in the energy range of interest and, thus, to estimate the expected flux of secondary particles at the site; and c) Geant4, for simulating the WCD detectors response to this secondary flux. In this work, we show the usage of the ARTI framework by calculating the expected flux of signals at eight sites from the Latin American Giant Observatory, LAGO. This covers a wide range of altitudes and geomagnetic rigidity cut-offs. This shows it is possible to estimate the secondary particle flux originated by cosmic rays at any location in the world. This flux could be used either to be injected into WCDs, to estimate the footprint generated by Gamma-Ray Burst events, or over a geological structure in muography applications.Comment: 10 page

Enfoque práctico del síndrome metabólico en pediatría

El síndrome metabólico en pediatría identifca a un grupo de niños con alto riesgo de presentar eventos cardiocerebrovascular y de diabetes tipo 2 a partir de los seis años de edad. La detección temprana y tratamiento óptimo constituyen el pilar fundamental para disminuir la morbimortalidad cardiovascular a mediano y largo plazo. Esta terapéutica creará hábitos saludables familiares y promoverá el control de los factores de riesgo como alteraciones metabólicas, hipertensión arterial y obesidad en cada integrante independiente de su edad. El presente artículo muestra un abordaje práctico en el ámbito clínico de los pacientes pediátricos a partir de los seis años.  Palabras claves: Síndrome metabólico X. Pediatría. Hábitos alimenticios.       The metabolic syndrome in pediatrics identify a high risk population for cardiocerebrovascular events and type 2 diabetes since six years oíd. Early detection and treatment of risk factors constitute the main point of intervention to decrease the morbidity and mortality related with cardiovascular disease in the médium and long terms. This treatment will créate healthy family habits and it will promote the control of these risk factors in each family member. This article presents a practical approach on this issue in pediatric clinical care since six years of age.  Key words: Metabolic syndrome X. Pediatrics. Food habits

5to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

El V Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2019, realizado del 6 al 8 de febrero de 2019 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, ofreció a la comunidad académica nacional e internacional una plataforma de comunicación unificada, dirigida a cubrir los problemas teóricos y prácticos de mayor impacto en la sociedad moderna desde la ingeniería. En esta edición, dedicada a los 25 años de vida de la UPS, los ejes temáticos estuvieron relacionados con la aplicación de la ciencia, el desarrollo tecnológico y la innovación en cinco pilares fundamentales de nuestra sociedad: la industria, la movilidad, la sostenibilidad ambiental, la información y las telecomunicaciones. El comité científico estuvo conformado formado por 48 investigadores procedentes de diez países: España, Reino Unido, Italia, Bélgica, México, Venezuela, Colombia, Brasil, Estados Unidos y Ecuador. Fueron recibidas un centenar de contribuciones, de las cuales 39 fueron aprobadas en forma de ponencias y 15 en formato poster. Estas contribuciones fueron presentadas de forma oral ante toda la comunidad académica que se dio cita en el Congreso, quienes desde el aula magna, el auditorio y la sala de usos múltiples de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, cumplieron respetuosamente la responsabilidad de representar a toda la sociedad en la revisión, aceptación y validación del conocimiento nuevo que fue presentado en cada exposición por los investigadores. Paralelo a las sesiones técnicas, el Congreso contó con espacios de presentación de posters científicos y cinco workshops en temáticas de vanguardia que cautivaron la atención de nuestros docentes y estudiantes. También en el marco del evento se impartieron un total de ocho conferencias magistrales en temas tan actuales como la gestión del conocimiento en la universidad-ecosistema, los retos y oportunidades de la industria 4.0, los avances de la investigación básica y aplicada en mecatrónica para el estudio de robots de nueva generación, la optimización en ingeniería con técnicas multi-objetivo, el desarrollo de las redes avanzadas en Latinoamérica y los mundos, la contaminación del aire debido al tránsito vehicular, el radón y los riesgos que representa este gas radiactivo para la salud humana, entre otros

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

Combined fit to the spectrum and composition data measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory including magnetic horizon effects

The measurements by the Pierre Auger Observatory of the energy spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays can be interpreted assuming the presence of two extragalactic source populations, one dominating the flux at energies above a few EeV and the other below. To fit the data ignoring magnetic field effects, the high-energy population needs to accelerate a mixture of nuclei with very hard spectra, at odds with the approximate E$^{-2}$ shape expected from diffusive shock acceleration. The presence of turbulent extragalactic magnetic fields in the region between the closest sources and the Earth can significantly modify the observed CR spectrum with respect to that emitted by the sources, reducing the flux of low-rigidity particles that reach the Earth. We here take into account this magnetic horizon effect in the combined fit of the spectrum and shower depth distributions, exploring the possibility that a spectrum for the high-energy population sources with a shape closer to E$^{-2}$ be able to explain the observations

Extraction of the Muon Signals Recorded with the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory Using Recurrent Neural Networks

We present a method based on the use of Recurrent Neural Networks to extract the muon component from the time traces registered with water-Cherenkov detector (WCD) stations of the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The design of the WCDs does not allow to separate the contribution of muons to the time traces obtained from the WCDs from those of photons, electrons and positrons for all events. Separating the muon and electromagnetic components is crucial for the determination of the nature of the primary cosmic rays and properties of the hadronic interactions at ultra-high energies. We trained a neural network to extract the muon and the electromagnetic components from the WCD traces using a large set of simulated air showers, with around 450 000 simulated events. For training and evaluating the performance of the neural network, simulated events with energies between 1018.5, eV and 1020 eV and zenith angles below 60 degrees were used. We also study the performance of this method on experimental data of the Pierre Auger Observatory and show that our predicted muon lateral distributions agree with the parameterizations obtained by the AGASA collaboration