16 research outputs found

    Molekuláris és morfotaxonómiai kutatások a Rubiaceae család növényein = Molecular and morpho-taxonomical studies in the Rubiaceae family

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    A projektet megelőző kutatási időszak eredményeit az Akadémiai Kiadónál 2006-ban megjelent Rubiáceas de México című flóraműben 512 oldalon összegeztük. Az új projekt keretében 75 a tudományra új növényfajt fedeztünk fel és írtunk le, ami a tervidőszak összes felfedezésének 89%-a. A molekuláris és mikromorfológiai vizsgálatok kombinált alkalmazásával: 1) kimutattuk és leírtuk a Rondeletia tribusz egy a tudományra új genuszát a Rondeletia komplex Donnellyanthus Borhidi nevű nemzetségét. 2) Igazoltuk a Deppea komplex korábban általunk javasolt felosztását Bellizinca, Csapodya, Deppea, és Edithea nemzetségekre, és 3) Felfedeztük és leírtuk a Deppea komplex egy ötödik új nemzetségét, a 4 fajt tartalmazó Deppeopsis Borhidi & Stranczinger nevű génuszt. 4) Kimutattuk, hogy a Renistipula nemzetség nem a Rondeletieae, hanem a Hamelieae tribuszba tartozik. 5) A bizonytalan rendszertani helyzetű Hedyotis serpyllaceus Schltdl. részére felállítottuk az új Terrellianthus nemzetséget. 6) A kis fehér, bozontosvirágú Bouvardia fajokat (5 faj) egy új nemzetségbe vontuk össze Martensianthus néven Új taxonjainkat (8 nemzetség és 75 faj) a Kew Index érvényesnek elfogadta és katalogizálta. Az új eredmények 3 könyben és 49 cikkben jelentek meg. 2012 július 10-én megjelent a Rubiáceas de México 2. bővitett kiadása 608 oldalon 127 ábrával az Akadémiai Kiadónál. | The results obtained before the project started were summarized in the flora work Rubiáceas de México, in 2006, edited by the Akadémiai Kiadó on 512 pages. In the frame of the new project 75 new plant species were detected and described, 89% of all the discoveries realized in the period. Using combined application of molecular and micro-morphological methods 1) we documented and described the Donnellyanthus Borhidi genus new to science of the Rondeletieae tribe; 2) our results proved right the subdivision of the Deppea s.l. into Bellizinca, Csapodya, Deppes s.str. and Edithea genera proposed earlier by us; 3) we discovered and described a new genus of the Deppea-complex named as Deppeopsis Borhidi & Stranczinger with 4 species; 4) we demonstrated that the Renistipula genus belong to the Hamelieae tribe instead of Rondeletieae; 5) we established the new Terrellianthus genus for finding a correct taxonomic placement for the Hedyotis serpyllaceus Schltdl. of uncertain position; 6) for 5 Bouvardia species having special small white hairy flowers we established a new genus named as Martensianthus. All our new taxa (8 genera and 75 species) have been registered as valid ones by the Kew Index; The new results were published in 3 books and 49 papers and in the 2. amplified edition of the Rubiáceas de México on 608 pages with 127 figures by the Akadémiai Kiadó, 2012, Budapest

    Comparative phytochemical analysis of Coffea benghalensis Roxb. Ex Schult., Coffea arabica L. and Coffea liberica Hiern.

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    Objective: To make phytochemical studies of the leaf, pericarp and seed of Coffea benghalensis (C. Benghalensis) compared with those of the widely known Coffea arabica and Coffea liberica. Methods: The sample extracts were prepared by Soxhlet-extraction. Polyphenol content was analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS, the identification was carried out based on the retention time, UV and mass spectra of standards and literature data of the detected compounds. Results: Phenolic acids like caffeoylquinic acids, dicaffeoylquinic acids, feruloylquinic acids and coumaroylquinic acid, as well as mangiferin were detected as main constituents in all extracts. Procyanidin trimers were present exclusively in the leaves. In C. benghalensis, main constituents were 5-caffeoylquinic acid and 4-caffeoylquinic acid. Flavan-3-ols were described in all immature and mature pericarp and leaf extracts. Even though 4-feruloylquinic acid was described in both immature and mature seed, dicaffeoylquinic acids were identified only in the mature seed extracts. Mangiferin was present in the leaf, mature pericarp and seed. Conclusions: These analyses provide new chemotaxonomical data for the selected coffees, especially for C. benghalensis. Due to its high polyphenol content, our results indicate its significance of providing new data as a possible source for industry

    Ethnobotanical, historical and histological evaluation of Helleborus L. genetic resources used in veterinary and human ethnomedicine

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    The use of hellebore (Helleborus) species for medical purposes has a long-standing tradition. Our work aimed at providing a historical survey of their medicinal application in Europe, and data on current ethnobotanical use of H. purpurascens Waldst. et Kit. in Transylvania (Romania), compared with earlier records of this region and other European countries. While the chemistry and pharmacology of hellebores have been researched extensively, little is known about their anatomical traits. Thus, we intended to provide a detailed histological analysis of Helleborus odorus Waldst. et Kit., H. purpurascens, and H. niger L., based on transverse sections of aerial parts and root. Our survey revealed that H. purpuras- cens is known for immunotherapy, wounds, and as antiemetic drug in ethnoveterinary medicine, but not in human therapy in the study area. Distinctive histological characters included diverse stele structure in the root; sclerenchymatous bundle caps around compound vascular bundles in the stem and the main leaf veins of H. odorus; and amphistomatic leaves in H. purpurascens. Quantitative vegetative traits also revealed significant differences among species, but they may reflect environmental influences, too. In all three species the sepal was hypostomatic with meso- morphic stomata, while the modified petal comprised a proximal nectar-producing and a distal non-secretory part. Distinctive floral traits included shape of mod- ified petal, presence of papillae and thickness of non- secretory part; as well as ornamentation of tricolpate pollen grains. Our findings suggest that the anatomy of various plant parts varies slightly with each species, including ethnomedicinally known H. purpurascens, even though the basic structure is the same within the genus

    The phylogenetic relationships among some Randia (Rubiaceae) taxa

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    Phylogenetic relationships among some Randia (Rubiaceae, Gardenieae) taxa were estimated based on sequence variation in the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and rps 16 intron (cpDNA). During the investigation of rps 16 intron of 9 studied Central American Randia species, two well supported subclades were separated. Analysis of ITS data of 16 Randia species shows 3 major clades. A group of mainly lowland, South American Randia species is moderate supported (75%). Species from Mexico form a strongly supported (97%) clade, but the Central American and Mexican Randia species are low supported (58%). However the last two groups are well supported together (95%). The molecular delimination is well in line with the size of leaves combined with the texture of exocarp

    Survey of traditional beliefs in the Hungarian Csángó and Székely ethnomedicine in Transylvania, Romania

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    Transylvania, part of Romania, has a long-standing culture of Hungarian ethnomedicinal practices. The aim of this study was to review the unexplored ethnopharmacological use of plants, animals and other materials, focusing mainly on the beliefs surrounding them; and compare them with traditional uses from other countries and with scientific literature. An ethnobotanical inventory was conducted among Csángó and Székely Hungarians in three areas of the country between 2007 and 2012. Questionnaires included medical and non-medical uses of plants, animals, and other substances with rational and irrational elements. Altogether 22 plants, twelve animals, and ten other substances had documented uses for various beliefs. The treatments utilize magical numbers, like 3 and 9, to define peculiar order, tools, and like-minded aspects. Plants were used for prediction (e.g. Phaseolus vulgarisL.), protection (e.g. Corylus avellana L.), and as symbols (e.g. Arctium lappaL.). In addition to the use of animals (e.g. Salamandra salamandra L.) or no longer used elements (use of Lytta vesicatoriaL.), the employment of other substances (e.g.ash, milk) was also documented. The frequency of the documented uses is in continuous decline due to environmental and social changes, and the increased prevalence of conventional healthcare. Hence, the priority of their conservation is of pivotal importance nowadays
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