Aerodynamic preliminary analysis system 2. Part 2: User's manual

An aerodynamic analysis system based on potential theory at subsonic and/or supersonic speeds and impact type finite element solutions at hypersonic conditions is described. Three dimensional configurations have multiple nonplanar surfaces of arbitrary planforms and bodies of noncircular contour may be analyzed. Static, rotary, and control longitudinal and lateral-directional characteristics may be generated. The analysis was implemented on a time sharing system in conjunction with an input tablet digitizer and an interactive graphics input/output display and editing terminal to maximize its responsiveness to the preliminary analysis. Computation times on an IBM 3081 are typically less than one minute of CPU/Mach number at subsonic, supersonic, or hypersonic speeds. This is a user manual for the computer programming

Influencia de los actores sociales para Honduras: cambio climático y agricultura

Esta infografía ha sido preparada como un resultado de la iniciativa de la aplicación de la metodología del Mapeo de la Influencia de los Actores Sociales de Diferente Nivel (MSIM, por sus siglas en inglés) cuyo objetivo es generar y analizar el valor de un índice de la percepción de la influencia de los actores sociales relacionados con la política pública del cambio climático y la agricultura en Honduras

Influencia de los actores sociales para Nicaragua: cambio climático y agricultura

Esta infografía ha sido preparada como un resultado de la iniciativa de la aplicación de la metodología del Mapeo de la Influencia de los Actores Sociales de Diferente Nivel (MSIM, por sus siglas en inglés) cuyo objetivo es generar y analizar el valor de un índice de la percepción de la influencia de los actores sociales relacionados con la política pública del cambio climático y la agricultura en Nicaragua

Influencia de los actores sociales para El Salvador: cambio climático y agricultura

Esta infografía ha sido preparada como un resultado de la iniciativa de la aplicación de la metodología del Mapeo de la Influencia de los Actores Sociales de Diferente Nivel (MSIM, por sus siglas en inglés) cuyo objetivo es generar y analizar el valor de un índice de la percepción de la influencia de los actores sociales relacionados con la política pública del cambio climático y la agricultura en El Salvador

Influencia de los actores sociales para Guatemala: cambio climático y agricultura

Esta infografía ha sido preparada como un resultado de la iniciativa de la aplicación de la metodología del Mapeo de la Influencia de los Actores Sociales de Diferente Nivel (MSIM, por sus siglas en inglés) cuyo objetivo es generar y analizar el valor de un índice de la percepción de la influencia de los actores sociales relacionados con la política pública del cambio climático y la agricultura en Guatemala

The effect of amoxicillin on dental enamel development in vivo

The exposure to amoxicillin has been associated with molar incisor hypomineralization. This study aimed to determine if amoxicillin disturbs the enamel mineralization in in vivo experiments. Fifteen pregnant rats were randomly assigned into three groups to received daily phosphatase-buffered saline or amoxicillin as either 100 or 500 mg/kg. Mice received treatment from day 13 of pregnancy to day 40 postnatal. After birth, the offsprings from each litter continued to receive the same treatment according to their respective group. Calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) content in the dental hard tissues were analyzed from 60 upper first molars and 60 upper incisors by the complexometric titration method and colorimetric analysis using a spectrophotometer at 680 nm, respectively. Lower incisors were analyzed by X-ray microtomography, it was measured the electron density of lingual and buccal enamel, and the enamel and dentin thickness. Differences in Ca and P content and electron density among the groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. There was no significant difference on enamel electron density and thickness among the groups (p > 0.05). However, in incisors, the higher dose of amoxicillin decreased markedly the electron density in some rats. There were no statistically significant differences in Ca (p = 0.180) or P content (p = 0.054), although the higher dose of amoxicillin could affect the enamel in some animals. The amoxicillin did not significantly alter the enamel mineralization and thickness in rats. © 2020Peer reviewe

Cell Host Response to Infection with Novel Human Coronavirus EMC Predicts Potential Antivirals and Important Differences with SARS Coronavirus

A novel human coronavirus (HCoV-EMC) was recently identified in the Middle East as the causative agent of a severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) resembling the illness caused by SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Although derived from the CoV family, the two viruses are genetically distinct and do not use the same receptor. Here, we investigated whether HCoV-EMC and SARS-CoV induce similar or distinct host responses after infection of a human lung epithelial cell line. HCoV-EMC was able to replicate as efficiently as SARS-CoV in Calu-3 cells and similarly induced minimal transcriptomic changes before 12 h postinfection. Later in infection, HCoV-EMC induced a massive dysregulation of the host transcriptome, to a much greater extent than SARS-CoV. Both viruses induced a similar activation of pattern recognition receptors and the interleukin 17 (IL-17) pathway, but HCoV-EMC specifically down-regulated the expression of several genes within the antigen presentation pathway, including both type I and II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. This could have an important impact on the ability of the host to mount an adaptive host response. A unique set of 207 genes was dysregulated early and permanently throughout infection with HCoV-EMC, and was used in a computational screen to predict potential antiviral compounds, including kinase inhibitors and glucocorticoids. Overall, HCoV-EMC and SARS-CoV elicit distinct host gene expression responses, which might impact in vivo pathogenesis and could orient therapeutic strategies against that emergent virus

A wood-filled composite based on recycled polyethylene terephthalate. Production and properties

The possibility of conducting combined recycling of wood and PETP waste was investigated. The aim was to develop a process for producing composites based on recycled PETP filled with wood flour by the depolymerisation of recycled polymer to polyol, the production of unsaturated polyester, and its subsequent polymerisation with filler into products. The mechanisms of the principal processes occurring in the production of the composite were examined. It was shown that the wood-filled composite produced could be processed by pressing to produce products such as boards, panels, trays and sheets. The properties of the composite (density, elastic modulus, elongation at break and impact strength) were compared with those of a traditional wood-plastic composite. 6 ref

Superconductors with Magnetic Impurities: Instantons and Sub-gap States

When subject to a weak magnetic impurity potential, the order parameter and quasi-particle energy gap of a bulk singlet superconductor are suppressed. According to the conventional mean-field theory of Abrikosov and Gor'kov, the integrity of the energy gap is maintained up to a critical concentration of magnetic impurities. In this paper, a field theoretic approach is developed to critically analyze the validity of the mean field theory. Using the supersymmetry technique we find a spatially homogeneous saddle-point that reproduces the Abrikosov-Gor'kov theory, and identify instanton contributions to the density of states that render the quasi-particle energy gap soft at any non-zero magnetic impurity concentration. The sub-gap states are associated with supersymmetry broken field configurations of the action. An analysis of fluctuations around these configurations shows how the underlying supersymmetry of the action is restored by zero modes. An estimate of the density of states is given for all dimensionalities. To illustrate the universality of the present scheme we apply the same method to study `gap fluctuations' in a normal quantum dot coupled to a superconducting terminal. Using the same instanton approach, we recover the universal result recently proposed by Vavilov et al. Finally, we emphasize the universality of the present scheme for the description of gap fluctuations in d-dimensional superconducting/normal structures.Comment: 18 pages, 9 eps figure