119 research outputs found
Big Data Policing:The Use of Big Data and Algorithms by the Netherlands Police
In recent years, the rise of big data has revolutionized many domains, including policing. Research is lacking, however, on the various ways in which the police use big data applications. This study provides new insights into the ways the Netherlands Police currently use big data and algorithmic applications. Based on a novel data source—job vacancies in the IT domain for the Netherlands Police—we distinguish three areas in which big data is used: frontline policing, criminal investigations, and intelligence. Our research shows that the use of big data by the Netherlands Police mainly involves relatively simple applications and that—in contrast to police forces in the USA—big data applications with the objective of assessing risks are the least common. The research also shows that big data policing leads to greater discretionary powers for police functions such as software developers and network designers
Big Data Policing:The Use of Big Data and Algorithms by the Netherlands Police
In recent years, the rise of big data has revolutionized many domains, including policing. Research is lacking, however, on the various ways in which the police use big data applications. This study provides new insights into the ways the Netherlands Police currently use big data and algorithmic applications. Based on a novel data source—job vacancies in the IT domain for the Netherlands Police—we distinguish three areas in which big data is used: frontline policing, criminal investigations, and intelligence. Our research shows that the use of big data by the Netherlands Police mainly involves relatively simple applications and that—in contrast to police forces in the USA—big data applications with the objective of assessing risks are the least common. The research also shows that big data policing leads to greater discretionary powers for police functions such as software developers and network designers
Predator persistence through variability of resource productivity in Tritrophic systems
The trophic structure of species communities depends on the energy transfer between trophic levels. Primary productivity varies strongly through time, challenging the persistence of species at higher trophic levels. Yet resource variability has mostly been studied in systems with only one or two trophic levels. We test the effect of variability in resource productivity in a tritrophic model system including a resource, a size-structured consumer, and a size-specific predator. The model complies with fundamental principles of mass conservation and the body-size dependence of individual-level energetics and predator-prey interactions. Surprisingly, we find that resource variability may promote predator persistence. The positive effect of variability on the predator arises through periods with starvation mortality of juvenile prey, which reduces the intraspecific competition in the prey population. With increasing variability in productivity and starvation mortality in the juvenile prey, the prey availability increases in the size range preferred by the predator. The positive effect of prey mortality on the trophic transfer efficiency depends on the biologically realistic consideration of body size–dependent and food-dependent functions for growth and reproduction in our model. Our findings show that variability may promote the trophic transfer efficiency, indicating that environmental variability may sustain species at higher trophic levels in natural ecosystems
Big data in het veiligheidsdomein:Onderzoek naar big data-toepassingen bij de Nederlandse politie en de positieve effecten hiervan voor de politieorganisatie
In recent years, big data technology has revolutionised many domains, including policing. There is a lack of research, however, exploring which applications are used by the police, and the potential benefits of big data analytics for policing. Instead, literature about big data and policing predominantly focuses on predictive policing and its associated risks. The present paper provides new insights into the police’s current use of big data and algorithmic applications. We provide an up-to-date overview of the various applications of big data by the National Police in the Netherlands. We distinguish three areas: uniformed police work, criminal investigation, and intelligence. We then discuss two positive effects of big data and algorithmic applications for the police organization: accelerated learning and the formation of a single police organizatio
Controlling Stray Electric Fields on an Atom Chip for Rydberg Experiments
Experiments handling Rydberg atoms near surfaces must necessarily deal with
the high sensitivity of Rydberg atoms to (stray) electric fields that typically
emanate from adsorbates on the surface. We demonstrate a method to modify and
reduce the stray electric field by changing the adsorbates distribution. We use
one of the Rydberg excitation lasers to locally affect the adsorbed dipole
distribution. By adjusting the averaged exposure time we change the strength
(with the minimal value less than at
from the chip) and even the sign of the perpendicular field component. This
technique is a useful tool for experiments handling Ryberg atoms near surfaces,
including atom chips
Magnetic-film atom chip with 10 m period lattices of microtraps for quantum information science with Rydberg atoms
We describe the fabrication and construction of a setup for creating lattices
of magnetic microtraps for ultracold atoms on an atom chip. The lattice is
defined by lithographic patterning of a permanent magnetic film. Patterned
magnetic-film atom chips enable a large variety of trapping geometries over a
wide range of length scales. We demonstrate an atom chip with a lattice
constant of 10 m, suitable for experiments in quantum information science
employing the interaction between atoms in highly-excited Rydberg energy
levels. The active trapping region contains lattice regions with square and
hexagonal symmetry, with the two regions joined at an interface. A structure of
macroscopic wires, cut out of a silver foil, was mounted under the atom chip in
order to load ultracold Rb atoms into the microtraps. We demonstrate
loading of atoms into the square and hexagonal lattice sections simultaneously
and show resolved imaging of individual lattice sites. Magnetic-film lattices
on atom chips provide a versatile platform for experiments with ultracold
atoms, in particular for quantum information science and quantum simulation.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure
Harvesting forage fish can prevent fishing-induced population collapses of large piscivorous fish
acceptedVersio
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