Dental caries and tooth loss in adults in a Brazilian southeastern state

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze dental caries experience of adults living in the southeastern state of São Paulo, Brazil, according to some socio-demographic conditions of this population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 1,159 school teachers and workers (35 to 44 years old) from 29 cities of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: 92.3% were dentate and the DMFT index (number of decayed, missing and filled teeth) was 21.0 and the mean number of decayed teeth was 1.1, with no significant difference among adults from regions with and without fluoridation. Male subjects presented the highest mean values of "D" (decayed teeth) and "M" (missing teeth) components. The percentage of caries-free subjects was higher among white subjects, as well as the mean number of teeth present in the mouth. The mean values of the "F" component (filled teeth) [9.81] and present teeth [19.3] were higher for adults from fluoridated water regions. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the worse condition observed was the early tooth loss in all groups. In addition, people with worse socio-demographic conditions had worse oral health conditions. It is expected that oral health programs targeted to this population could be established with the goal of improving the oral health conditions of this population and hence the maintenance of the teeth for a longer period in function

Incorporação de evidenciador de placa bacteriana a um dentifrício

Dental plaque removal is an important issue in health promotion. Toothbrushing is one of the main methods employed for such purpose, since it can prevent dental caries by means of the fluoride present in the dentifrice. Dentifrices might contain plaque disclosing agents and thus allow dental plaque observation. The aim of this study was to assess whether utilization of a plaque disclosing agent interfered with plaque removal among adolescents, as well as the difference between utilization of erythrosine tablets and dentifrices containing plaque disclosing agent. The sample was composed of 62 students from Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, aged 12 to 14 years old, divided into 3 groups: G1 or control group (toothbrushing without plaque disclosure); G2 (plaque disclosing with an erythrosine tablet and toothbrushing) and G3 (toothbrushing with dentifrice containing plaque disclosing agent). After toothbrushing, disclosure of the remaining dental plaque was performed in all groups with a fuchsin tablet and measured through the Simplified Oral Health Assessment Index (OHI-S), in two stages with a 2-month interval between them. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was no difference in the OHI-S index between the groups (p>;0.05), however the G3 displayed a higher proportion of students with plaque reduction (23%) than G2 (21%), besides the smallest difference in the mean remaining dental plaque. There was no difference between groups; however, it was suggested that the dentifrice with plaque disclosing agent had positive results in relation to the erythrosine tablet, even though the small sample size may have interfered with the results, indicating the need of complementary studies.Na promoção de saúde, a remoção da placa bacteriana é um fator importante e um dos métodos que incentivam sua remoção, é a escovação dentária, podendo-se prevenir a cárie dental através do íon flúor dos dentifrícios. Estes podem conter evidenciadores, possibilitando a visualização da placa bacteriana. Assim, avaliou-se o uso de evidenciadores na remoção de placa bacteriana em adolescentes, e se houve diferença entre pastilhas de eritrosina e dentifrício contendo evidenciador. A amostra foi de 62 escolares de Piracicaba- SP, entre 12 e 14 anos, dividida em 3 grupos: o G1 como grupo controle (escovação dental sem prévia evidenciação de placa); o G2 (evidenciação de placa com pastilha de eritrosina e escovação dental) e o G3 (escovação com dentifrício contendo evidenciador de placa). Após a escovação, evidenciou-se a placa remanescente com pastilha de fucsina nos 3 grupos, medida pelo Índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado (IHOS), sendo realizada em 2 fases, com intervalo de 2 meses. Segundo a Análise de Variância (ANOVA), não houve diferença no índice IHOS entre os grupos (p>;0,05). Entretanto, o G3 apresentou maior proporção de escolares onde houve diminuição do IHOS (23%) em relação ao G2 (21%) e menor diferença nas médias de acúmulo de placa. Não houve diferença entre os grupos, entretanto, sugere-se que o dentifrício com evidenciador de placa tenha resultados positivos em relação à pastilha de eritrosina, apesar da amostra ter sido pequena e poder ter interferido, havendo necessidade deste resultado ser melhor explorado

Dental caries in an elderly population in Brazil

This study evaluated dental caries according to the presence of natural teeth and sociodemographic conditions of an elderly population in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Examinations were performed according to the World Health Organization's guidelines. The sample of 1,192 elderly individuals aged 65 to 74 years was stratified according to the presence of teeth and the following variables: gender, race, age, city size and Human Development Index (HDI). The Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests were applied at a confidence level of 95% for analysis of results. In the total sample, 68.9% (n=822) were edentulous; the mean of present teeth was 3.5 and the DMFT was 30.2, being 28.5 of missing teeth. Among dentate individuals (n=370), the mean of present teeth was 11.3, the DMFT was 26.2 and the missing component accounted for 20.7 teeth. The differences observed in the evaluated conditions should be highlighted: the mean number of present teeth was higher among younger individuals (from 65 to 69 years) [12.1] and among those living in cities with high HDI [12.9]; the DMFT was lower among men [24.9] and non-Caucasians [25.1]. Based on these findings, it may be concluded that specific dental programs should be established, with emphasis on oral health promotion and dental caries control, as well as public health policies that may enhance the access to the services provided

[oral Health In Adults And The Elderly In Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil].

The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of dental caries, edentulism, and use of and need for complete dental prostheses in adults and the elderly in Rio Claro, São Paulo State, Brazil. The total sample included 202 subjects, 101 elderly (64 to 75 year-olds) and 101 adults (35 to 44 year-olds), who were examined by four examiners according to who criteria. Edentulism was 74.25% in the elderly and 8.91% in adults, and present teeth rates were 3.19 and 22.10, respectively. In the elderly and adults, DMFT was 31.09 and 22.86, respectively. MT was the major component of the DMFT index in the elderly group (92.64%), as compared to FT in the adult group (57%), followed by MT (40.54%). complete upper and lower dental prostheses were needed by only 1% of the adults; however, 48.5% of the elderly required complete upper prostheses and 45.5% complete lower prostheses. the data suggest that preventive and educational programs are needed for both the elderly group and adults in order for adults to enjoy good oral health when they reach old age.20626-3

[self-perception And Oral Health Conditions In An Elderly Population].

This study assessed oral health conditions through clinical examination and self-perception. The sample consisted of 112 subjects 60 years of age or older in Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil, divided into two groups: G1, with dental insurance (n = 55) and G2, without dental insurance (n = 57). Clinical examinations were conducted according to WHO guidelines. Data on self-perceived oral health were collected using the GOHAI (Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index). DMFT was 29.13, higher in G1 (p = 0.0091). Mean number of teeth currently present in both groups was 7.63, higher in G2 (p = 0.0131). Periodontal conditions showed a high percentage of null sextants (70.3%), where CPI revealed higher prevalence for calculus and PIP for pockets up to 3mm. The percentage of edentulous subjects was 45.5%, higher in G1 (p = 0.0142). Among edentulous subjects, 69.6% wore complete upper dentures and 42.9% complete lower dentures. Mean GOHAI was 33.61, qualifying self-perceived oral health status as positive, and the only difference was in the physical dimension, where G2 showed higher values (p = 0.0154). Self-perceived oral health was considered satisfactory, but this was not confirmed by clinical data from the two groups.211251-

Fraturas maxilofaciais associadas ao esporte: revisão integrativa

O trauma maxilofacial é uma condição desafiadora aos profissionais de saúde, que pode ser representado por injúrias e fraturas aos ossos da face, sendo considerado uma das agressões mais devastadoras dos centros de trauma devido as consequências emocionais e às possibilidades de deformidades dentofaciais aos pacientes. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre traumas maxilofaciais associados ao esporte, bem como, destacar os sítios anatômicos mais acometidos e quais os esportes possuem maior risco aos traumas, destacando seus meios de prevenção e proteção. Para realizar o levantamento bibliográfico foi realizada a pesquisa na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, em que foram inclusos artigos em inglês, português e espanhol, publicados nos anos de 2016 a 2023, que abordaram a incidência de traumas maxilofaciais em atletas, bem como, as regiões anatômicas de maior envolvimento, o tipo de esporte e o uso ou não de protetores faciais e bucais. A partir destes dados, foram selecionados 25 artigos. Os resultados, de acordo com a revisão, apontaram o futebol como o principal esporte causador das fraturas faciais e o sítio anatômico mais acometido é o terço médio da face, além de haver grande predominância para o gênero masculino. Conclui-se que medidas são necessárias para atenuar a problemática, destacando a importância dos equipamentos de prevenção e proteção durante a prática esportiva

[graduate Nursing Teaching At Unicamp: Policies And Practices].

The authors analyse teaching at the graduate nursing program from Unicamp (SP), starting from the introduction of a new curriculum in 1997, in accordance to the curricular standards taken from Federal Law concerning education. In theory, the changes implemented subvert the established order. It has been a hard task to operate curricular reform in a public university that is experiencing a financial and management crisis--reflections of a neoliberal ideology in public education policies, which increasingly values scientific production to the detriment of initiatives toward quality teaching. The difficulties found demanded some considerations and the proposition of seven fundamental thesis in order to subsidize problem analysis and guide necessary interventions. Among them, the theme Policies and Practice in nursing teaching is focused in this text.56683-

Graduate nursing teaching at Unicamp: policies and practices

The authors analyse teaching at the graduate nursing program from Unicamp (SP), starting from the introduction of a new curriculum in 1997, in accordance to the curricular standards taken from Federal Law concerning education. In theory, the changes implemented subvert the established order. It has been a hard task to operate curricular reform in a public university that is experiencing a financial and management crisis - reflections of a neoliberal ideology in public education policies, which increasingly values scientific production to the detriment of iniciatives toward quality teaching. The difficulties found demanded some considerations and the proposition of seven fundamental thesis in order to subsidize problem analysis and guide necessary interventions. Among them, the theme Policies and Practice in nursing teaching is focused in this text.Os autores analisam o ensino de Graduação em Enfermagem da Unicamp a partir da implantação de um novo currículo em 1997, bem como sua adequação às Diretrizes Curriculares emanadas da LDB. No plano teórico, as mudanças realizadas subvertem a ordem instituída. Operar reforma curricular numa conjuntura de crise financeira e de gestão da universidade pública, reflexo da aplicação do ideário neoliberal nas políticas públicas de educação que tem provocado a valorização crescente da produção científica e das atividades de extensão no cotidiano docente em detrimento das iniciativas que visem à qualidade do ensino de graduação, tem sido uma tarefa árdua. As dificuldades encontradas exigiram algumas reflexões e a proposição de sete teses fundamentais para subsidiar a análise de problemas e orientar as medidas de intervenção necessárias. Neste texto enfoca-se uma delas, as Políticas e as Práticas no ensino de enfermagem.Los autores analizan la enseñanza de Graduación en Enfermería de Unicamp a partir de la implantación de un nuevo Currículo en 1997, así como su adecuación a las Directrices Curriculares derivadas de la LDB. En el plan teórico, los cambios realizados subvierten el orden instituido. Llevar a cabo una reforma curricular en una coyuntura de crisis financiera y de gestión de la universidad pública ha sido una tarea ardua. Las dificultades encontradas exigieron algunas reflexiones, cuyo resultado es la proposición de siete tesis fundamentales para subsidiar el análisis de los problemas y orientar las medidas de intervención necesarias. En este texto se enfoca una de ellas, las Políticas y Prácticas en la enseñanza de enfermería.68368