Heilsa og lifun íbúa fyrir og eftir setningu strangari skilyrða fyrir flutningi á hjúkrunarheimili 2007

INNGANGUR Fjölmargir þættir hafa áhrif á þjónustuþörf og lifun íbúa hjúkrunarheimila, meðal annars inntökuskilyrði fyrir flutningi á hjúkrunarheimili. Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að athuga hvort munur væri á heilsufari, lifun og forspárgildi mismunandi heilsufars- og færnivísa fyrir eins og tveggja ára lifun þeirra sem fluttu inn á íslensk hjúkrunarheimili á árunum 2003-2007 annars vegar og 2008-2014 hins vegar. EFNIVIÐUR OG AÐFERÐIR Lýsandi, afturskyggn samanburðarrannsókn. Gögnin fengust úr gagnagrunni á vegum Embættis landlæknis yfir allar interRAI-matsgerðir á íslenskum hjúkrunarheimilum frá 1. janúar 2003 til og með 31. desember 2014 (N=8.487). NIÐURSTÖÐUR Marktækur munur var á heilsu og lifun nýrra íbúa hjúkrunarheimila fyrir og eftir 31. desember 2007. Á seinna tímabilinu var meðalaldur 82,7 ár, en 82,1 ár á hinu fyrra og tíðni Alzheimer-sjúkdóms, blóðþurrðarsjúkdóms í hjarta, hjartabilunar, sykursýki og langvinnrar lungnateppu jókst. Eins árs lifun lækkaði úr 73,4% í 66,5% eftir 1. janúar 2008 og tveggja ára lifun úr 56,9% í 49,1%. Sterkustu áhættuþættirnir fyrir dauðsfalli innan eins og tveggja ára frá komu á báðum tímabilum voru sjúkdómsgreiningarnar hjartabilun og langvinn lungnateppa, auk fleiri stiga á lífskvarðanum og langa ADL-kvarðanum. ÁLYKTUN Í kjölfar reglugerðarbreytingar 2007 voru þeir sem fluttu á hjúkrunarheimili eldri og veikari við komu og lifðu skemur eftir vistaskiptin en þeir sem fluttu inn fyrir breytingu. Niðurstöðurnar benda til að markmið reglugerðarbreytingarinnar, að forgangsraða þeim sem voru veikastir, hafi því náðst. Því má telja líklegt að umönnunarþörf íbúa sé önnur og meiri en áður.Introduction: Many factors influence the nursing needs and survival of nursing home residents, including the admission criteria. The aim of the study was to compare health, survival and predictors for one- and two-year survival of people entering Icelandic nursing homes between 2003–2007 and 2008–2014. Material and methods: Retrospective, descriptive, comparative study. The data was obtained from a Directorate of Health database for all interRAI assessments of Icelandic nursing homes from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2014 (N = 8487). Results: There was a significant difference in the health and survival of new nursing home residents before and after December 31, 2007. In the latter period, the mean age was 82.7 years. In the previous period, it was 82.1 years, and the prevalence of Alzheimer‘s disease, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, diabetes and COPD increased between the periods. One-year survival decreased from 73.4% to 66.5%, and two-year survival decreased from 56.9% to 49.1%. The strongest mortality risk factors were heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as high scores on the CHESS scale and ADL long scale. Conclusion: After 2007, new residents were older, in poorer health, and their life expectancy was shorter than for those moving to nursing homes before that. The results suggest that the aim of the regulatory change was achieved, i.e., to prioritise those in worst health. Their care needs may therefore be different and greater than before.Rannsakendur vilja þakka styrk til rannsóknarinnar frá vísindasjóði Landspítala og vísindasjóði Félags íslenskra hjúkrunarfræðinga.Peer reviewe

The psychosocial self‐efficacy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Publisher's version (útgefin grein)Aim: To analyse psychosocial self‐efficacy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, evalu‐ ate associations between self‐efficacy and metabolic control and background varia‐ bles and determine psychometric properties of the Finnish Diabetes Empowerment Scale (Fin‐DES‐28). Design: A descriptive correlational survey. Methods: The data were collected with the Finnish Diabetes Empowerment Scale from 13–16‐year‐old adolescents with type 1 diabetes (N = 189, 34%) in one univer‐ sity hospital district area in 2014. Results: The level of psychosocial self‐efficacy was quite good. The highest scores were in managing the psychosocial aspects of diabetes, followed by assessing dis‐ satisfaction and readiness to change and setting and achieving diabetes goals. The self‐efficacy did not correlate with metabolic control or background variables. A positive association was found between self‐efficacy and understanding of diabetes and its treatment, adjustment of diabetes to life and the relationship with the doctor and the nurse. The internal consistency of the Finnish Diabetes Empowerment Scale was adequate. The low response rate limits generalization.Peer reviewe

Knowledge expectations of surgical orthopaedic patients: a European survey

Ageing population entails a growing international problem of osteoarthritis. Best practices for education of these patients are lacking. This study focused on empowering education in Northern (Finland, Iceland, Lithuania and Sweden) and Southern Europe (Cyprus, Greece and Spain). The aim was to analyse associations between expected knowledge and background factors. The data were collected from European arthroplasty patients with the Knowledge Expectations of hospital patients- scale, (KE(hp) - scale), including bio-physiological, functional, experiential, ethical, social and financial dimensions. Patients had essential bio-physiological and functional knowledge expectations. Women expected more than men, employed less than retired, unemployed or who worked at home. Generally, patients in Northern countries expected more than in Southern countries. However, highest expectations were found in Sweden and Greece, lowest in Spain and Cyprus. There are differences in knowledge expectations based on patients' backgrounds. Development of common standards in European patient education needs further research

Bologna process, more or less: nursing education in the European economic area: a discussion paper

Palese A, Zabalegui A, Sigurdardottir AK, Bergin M, Dobrowolska B, Gasser C, Pajnkihar M, Jackson C. Abstract Abstract The Bologna Declaration and the subsequent processes is the single most important reform of higher education taking place in Europe in the last 30 years. Signed in 1999, it includes 46 European Union countries and aimed to create, a more coherent, compatible, comparable and competitive European Higher Education Area. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the Bologna Declaration achievements in nursing education at 2010 within eight countries that first signed the Declaration on 1999. Researchers primarily identified national laws, policy statements, guidelines and grey literature; then, a literature review on Bologna Declaration implementation in nursing was conducted on the Medline and CINAHL databases. Critical analyses of these documents were performed by expert nurse educators. Structural, organizational, functional and cultural obstacles are hindering full Bologna Process implementation in nursing education within European Economic Area. A call for action is offered in order to achieve a functionally unified system within nursing