Cefixime induce non convulsive status epileptics: a neurotoxic effect

Nonconvulsive status epileptics comprises a group of syndromes that display a great diversity regarding response to anticonvulsants ranging from virtually self-limiting variants to entirely refractory forms cephalosporins are thought to provoke seizure through inhibitory effects on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transmission and GABA receptors. Interference with GABA transmission result in pre-disposition towards excitatory neurotransmission, which can leads to seizures. Antibiotics can alter the serum concentration of anti-epileptic, resulting in seizures and anti-epileptic drugs toxicity

AYURVEDA A RAY OF HOPE FOR MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS W.S.R. TO ASTHI MAJJA GATA VATA: A CASE STUDY

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease in which the insulting covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged. The course of MS is usually relapsing-remitting and sometimes progressive. It is the commonest inflammatory- demyelinating disease of the CNS and the most frequently occurring cause of non traumatic neurologic disability in young and middle aged adults. Immunosuppressant or cortico­­-steroids as only available treatment in modern science, Ayurveda only the ray of hope. In Ayurveda, multiple Sclerosis can be correlated with Asthi – Majjagatavata. Aim: A case study had been done to find effective management for MS. A 35 year old female patient came to Panchkarma OPD, Dr. S.R. Rajasthan Ayurved University, Jodhpur was suffering from Weakness, Numbness and burning sensation in both arms or legs and Numbness in abdominal region and lack of coordination for 18months.she was diagnosed case of multiple sclerosis (kurtzke disability grade Five) had been given Ayurvedic medicine as well as Panchkarma shown encouraging results. Conclusion: Patient was observed for symptomatic improvement based assessment done by questionnaire, also observed for clinical examination. Patient was also observed for complication during whole course of treatment, untoward complications were not seen. Conservative management of MS through Ayurvedic principles improving the quality of life and decrease dependency of patient. Result: Patient showed improvement kurtzke disability grade Five to grade two

Antioxidant activities of dried wild rosehips (Rosa moschata) of Kullu Valley, Northwestern Indian Himalaya

Wild rose species Rosa moschata Herrm. syn R. brunonii Lindl. belongs to the Rosaceae family. It has numerous medicinal properties and hence is used to make tea, oil, jam, juice, etc. around the world. The species is found abundantly in Kullu Valley of Himachal Pradesh, Northwestern Indian Himalaya. It is considered as weed and is left unattended in the region. The study aimed to assess antioxidant property of the rosehips to establish an enterprise through its value-added product development, especially tea. Results showed rosehip flesh extract yields as 37.92% in water and 39.06% in methanol respectively. Study showed total phenolics content of 660±1.52 mg GAE/g in water and 675±2 mg GAE/g in methanol extract and total flavonoid content of 498±0.50 mg Rutin/g in water and 557.33±0.57 mg Rutin/g in methanol extract. The antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH IC50 values as 2.72±0.01 AAE µg/mL in water and 1.48±0.09 AAE µg/mL in methanol; ABTS assay as 14.10±2.51 GAE µg/mL in water and 22.68±1.83 GAE µg/mL in methanol; FRAP assay as 32±3.14 µM ascorbic acid equivalent/100 g DW. The study showed that the rosehip species has a high antioxidant property which supports its use as beverages for various health benefits

A study to identify and analyze adjustment problems experienced by foreign non-European graduate students enrolled in selected universities in the state of North Carolina

The purpose of this study was to identify the adjustment problems experienced by foreign non-European graduate students enrolled in selected universities in the State of North Carolina and to investigate the relationships between the adjustment problems and the selected variables of educational and home backgrounds, the nature of financial support, the types of academic programs pursued, the age upon entering the United States, the length of residence in the United States, the campus of enrollment, and the usefulness of student personnel services available to foreign graduate students. Further, the study sought to discover any discernible differences in the adjustment pattern of foreign non-European graduate students from selected geographical regions. Finally, the study had as its objective to suggest measures that could contribute to the alleviation of the adjustment problems of foreign non-European graduate students

Perineurioma of the Pancreas: A Rare Case

Context Mesenchymal tumors of pancreas are rare. Case report We describe a case of perineurioma involving the body and tail of pancreas presenting as a slow growing abdominal lump. Conclusion Though perineurioma may arise from variety of anatomical sites including gastrointestinal tract, there is no previous report of perineurioma arising from the pancreas.Image: Intra-operative picture of pancreatic mass.

Burn septicaemia in Kuwait: associated demographic and clinical factors

Objective: To study the demographic and clinical factors associated with burn septicaemia patients in Kuwait. Materials and Methods: All burn in-patients, who developed septicaemia at the Burns Unit, Al-Babtain Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery, Kuwait, during a 9-year period (June 1992 to May 2001) were included in the study. The data were recorded for age, sex, nationality, cause and percentage of burns, inhalation injury, resuscitation, number of episodes, septicaemia on post-burn day, the microorganisms responsible in each episode, treatment and outcome for statistical analysis. Using SPSS (PC version 11.0) software, a probability level of p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of the 2,082 patients treated in the Burns Unit, 166 [8%; 99 (60%) males and 67 (40%) females] with a mean age of 26 years (range 1-70) had septicaemia. Significantly higher (p <0.001) cases were recorded among Kuwaiti children (≤14 years) and non-Kuwaitis (25-59 years) than other corresponding age groups. The total body surface area burned ranged from 2 to 95% (mean 42%) and the main cause of burn was flame (77.1%). Inhalation injury was diagnosed in 39 (23.5%) patients. A total of 253 septicaemic episodes occurred in all patients. The majority, 123 (74.1%), had a single episode and the remaining 43 (25.6%) had multiple (2-10) episodes. One hundred and fifty-five (61.3%) episodes were due to gram-positive organisms, mainly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and 32 (12.7%) were polymicrobial. One hundred and twenty-four (74.7%) patients had wound excision and skin grafting procedures and their survival was significantly higher (OR=4.3; 95% CI: 1.98-9.31) than nonsurgically treated patients. Thirty-nine (23.5%) patients died mainly due to multi-organ failure. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the patients with extensive flame burns were prone to developing septicaemia due mainly to gram-positive bacteria. The surgical excision of eschar and wound covering improved the outcome of the patients while prophylactic antibiotic treatment had no role in the incidence and outcome of the burn patients

Development of a Fast SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISA, Based on Receptor-Binding Domain, and Its Comparative Evaluation Using Temporally Segregated Samples From RT-PCR Positive Individuals

SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection assays are crucial for gathering seroepidemiological information and monitoring the sustainability of antibody response against the virus. The SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein's receptor-binding domain (RBD) is a very specific target for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies detection. Moreover, many neutralizing antibodies are mapped to this domain, linking antibody response to RBD with neutralizing potential. Detection of IgG antibodies, rather than IgM or total antibodies, against RBD is likely to play a larger role in understanding antibody-mediated protection and vaccine response. Here we describe a rapid and stable RBD-based IgG ELISA test obtained through extensive optimization of the assay components and conditions. The test showed a specificity of 99.79% (95% CI: 98.82-99.99%) in a panel of pre-pandemic samples (n = 470) from different groups, i.e., pregnancy, fever, HCV, HBV, and autoantibodies positive. Test sensitivity was evaluated using sera from SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive individuals (n = 312) and found to be 53.33% (95% CI: 37.87-68.34%), 80.47% (95% CI: 72.53-86.94%), and 88.24% (95% CI: 82.05-92.88%) in panel 1 (days 0-13), panel 2 (days 14-20) and panel 3 (days 21-27), respectively. Higher sensitivity was achieved in symptomatic individuals and reached 92.14% (95% CI: 86.38-96.01%) for panel 3. Our test, with a shorter runtime, showed higher sensitivity than parallelly tested commercial ELISAs for SARS-CoV-2-IgG, i.e., Euroimmun and Zydus, even when equivocal results in the commercial ELISAs were considered positive. None of the tests, which are using different antigens, could detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgGs in 10.5% RT-PCR positive individuals by the fourth week, suggesting the lack of IgG response

Whole Genome Characterization of a Few EMS-Induced Mutants of Upland Rice Variety Nagina 22 Reveals a Staggeringly High Frequency of SNPs Which Show High Phenotypic Plasticity Towards the Wild-Type

The Indian initiative, in creating mutant resources for the functional genomics in rice, has been instrumental in the development of 87,000 ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutants, of which 7,000 are in advanced generations. The mutants have been created in the background of Nagina 22, a popular drought- and heat-tolerant upland cultivar. As it is a pregreen revolution cultivar, as many as 573 dwarf mutants identified from this resource could be useful as an alternate source of dwarfing. A total of 541 mutants, including the macromutants and the trait-specific ones, obtained after appropriate screening, are being maintained in the mutant garden. Here, we report on the detailed characterizations of the 541 mutants based on the distinctness, uniformity, and stability (DUS) descriptors at two different locations. About 90% of the mutants were found to be similar to the wild type (WT) with high similarity index (>0.6) at both the locations. All 541 mutants were characterized for chlorophyll and epicuticular wax contents, while a subset of 84 mutants were characterized for their ionomes, namely, phosphorous, silicon, and chloride contents. Genotyping of these mutants with 54 genomewide simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers revealed 93% of the mutants to be either completely identical to WT or nearly identical with just one polymorphic locus. Whole genome resequencing (WGS) of four mutants, which have minimal differences in the SSR fingerprint pattern and DUS characters from the WT, revealed a staggeringly high number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on an average (16,453 per mutant) in the genic sequences. Of these, nearly 50% of the SNPs led to non-synonymous codons, while 30% resulted in synonymous codons. The number of insertions and deletions (InDels) varied from 898 to 2,595, with more than 80% of them being 1–2 bp long. Such a high number of SNPs could pose a serious challenge in identifying gene(s) governing the mutant phenotype by next generation sequencing-based mapping approaches such as Mutmap. From the WGS data of the WT and the mutants, we developed a genic resource of the WT with a novel analysis pipeline. The entire information about this resource along with the panicle architecture of the 493 mutants is made available in a mutant database EMSgardeN22 (http://14.139.229.201/EMSgardeN22)

Antioxidant activities of dried wild rosehips (Rosa moschata) of Kullu Valley, Northwestern Indian Himalaya

339-345Wild rose species Rosa moschata Herrm. syn R. brunonii Lindl. belongs to the Rosaceae family. It has numerous medicinal properties and hence is used to make tea, oil, jam, juice, etc. around the world. The species is found abundantly in Kullu Valley of Himachal Pradesh, Northwestern Indian Himalaya. It is considered as weed and is left unattended in the region. The study aimed to assess antioxidant property of the rosehips to establish an enterprise through its value-added product development, especially tea. Results showed rosehip flesh extract yields as 37.92% in water and 39.06% in methanol respectively. Study showed total phenolics content of 660±1.52 mg GAE/g in water and 675±2 mg GAE/g in methanol extract and total flavonoid content of 498±0.50 mg Rutin/g in water and 557.33±0.57 mg Rutin/g in methanol extract. The antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH IC50 values as 2.72±0.01 AAE μg/mL in water and 1.48±0.09 AAE μg/mL in methanol; ABTS assay as 14.10±2.51 GAE μg/mL in water and 22.68±1.83 GAE μg/mL in methanol; FRAP assay as 32±3.14 μM ascorbic acid equivalent/100 g DW. The study showed that the rosehip species has a high antioxidant property which supports its use as beverages for various health benefits