FACTORS INFLUENCING STAFF COMPLYING WITH SOP: A STUDY AT ROAD TRANSPORT DEPARTMENT (RTD) KOTA BHARU, KELANTAN

Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is an effective tool for controlling everyday transactions in Road Transport Department (RTD). There are in the form of a written document that elaborates every small activity of the RTD transaction from its conception to completion. The SOP helps to create a proper communication chain” among people working in RTD, which are customers, runners, and RTD personnel. The SOP gives clarity on when and who should implement the activities, SOP is easily formulated and adjusted to the needs of the development of applicable policy. SOP gives an abstract of different activities to be taken in a specific transaction. The step-by-step actions enlisted by SOP are of great assistance in keeping a check on actions taken or transactions to be conducted. Thus, SOP works as a guiding path. Though the use of SOP is inevitable, there is resistance to adopt the stringent principles and practices of SOP. The objectives of this paper are to determine the factors contributing to the noncompliance of the standard operating procedure (SOP) and to study the suitability of instruments used in order to analyze the factors presented in the Literature Review in the context of RTD Branches in Kelantan. Data were collected using an online questionnaire and analyzed using Descriptive Analysis, Correlation coefficient, Cronbach´s Alpha, and Multiple Regression Analysis

DYNAMIC SIMULATION ANALYSIS FOR VARIOUS NUMBERS OF ORDERS IN AN INTEGRATED CAR-MANUFACTURING WAREHOUSE

The order-picking process in a warehouse is critical in managing customer orders, especially in retail stores. It is expensive because fulfilling online orders takes up to 70% of all warehouse activities. Procedures in order picking, including different route selection schemes, can significantly increase yield and reduce costs. The research shows that a suitable routing method can reduce the travel time of the order picker to fulfill the order. However, the number of orders may vary. This paper presented a dynamic simulation analysis based on a real scenario of a various number of orders in an integrated car manufacturing warehouse. The simulation reduced the travel time of the voters by about 44.89%. This simulation model helps to visualize the potential reduction in customer waiting times, leading to increased customer satisfaction

Development of a computer simulation on road pricing strategy to reduce congestion and carbon dioxide emission: A system dynamics approach

Road congestion influences the quality of lifestyle for urban areas including Kuala Lumpur, the capital city of Malaysia. It is predicted that the demand for mobility in the city will be increased tremendously in the next ten years. Consequently, this problem has contributed to air pollution caused by carbon dioxide emissions. One of the solutions suggested by the expertise is road pricing via a direct charge to drivers who use the road during peak hours. In this regard, this research aims to develop a computer simulation based on a system dynamic approach for mitigating congestion and carbon dioxide emission via a road pricing strategy. Firstly, the identified variables were correlated to understand the behavior of the system. Subsequently, the correlated variables were embedded in the stock-flow diagram based on the system dynamics approach to investigate how a variable affects another variable. Then, the developed model was simulated for evaluating the impact of road pricing strategy in reducing congestion and carbon dioxide emission. As a result, the emission of carbon dioxide can be reduced to 6 percent in six days if road pricing is implemented. From the managerial perspective, this research helps highway stakeholders in Malaysia towards making a better decision in enforcing road pricing strategy in the fast-moving city for a better lifestyle and environment

Modelling the Inner Warehouse Shortest Route Planning using Dynamic Programming Block

Fulfilling the customer requirement has always been of utmost concern to logistics service companies, namely those providing warehouse and transportation services. In the warehouse, inner transportation problem affects its performance. Order picker problem is one of the problems that involves the transportation problem within the warehouse.  The problem can be handled properly by having proper storage assignment, proper tasking allocation and optimal routing for inner warehouse vehicles’ movement. This study proposed a modified Dynamic Programming model to determine the shortest route for the order pickers in completing and fulfilling the customers’ orders. The model shows stable solutions for numerous orders. Keywords: Order picking, dynamic programming, inner warehouse transportation eISSN: 2398-4287© 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DO

Linking integrity with road pricing cause and effect model: a system dynamics simulation approach

With Malaysia's rapid urbanisation and continuous improvement of living standards, vehicle ownership and trip volume continue to grow. Increases in motor traffic in large cities and their environs result in a number of social, environmental, and economic issues, which are frequently attributable to the widespread use of automobiles as the primary mode of urban transportation. This exacerbates traffic congestion on the country's highways, particularly in urban areas such as Kuala Lumpur. This traffic congestion poses an ongoing threat to the sustainability of transport development. Thus, the aim of this study is to establish a cause-and-effect relationship based on a system dynamics approach regarding the implementation of road pricing as a tool for reducing congestion and a stepping stone for enhancing sustainability. Road pricing is a direct charge assessed to drivers who use the road network with the goal of reducing the number of private vehicles on the road during peak hours. The developed Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) composed of five subsystems: road congestion, road attractiveness, new road construction, public transportation, and road pricing. The road congestion, new road construction, and road pricing all encounter mutual reinforcement as a result of a variety of negative polarities. As a result, authorities should place a greater emphasis on these loopholes, as they will inevitably result in unexpected changes. Additionally, by incorporating holistic perspectives from previous works and experts in the field, CLD can aid in identifying the primary factors underlying the problem being studied. Furthermore, the developed CLD could enlighten the Malaysian government and the stakeholders of road construction regarding the causal relationship towards road pricing strategy in reducing traffic congestion effectively

Development of a computer simulation on road pricing strategy to reduce congestion and carbon dioxide emission: a system dynamics approach

Road congestion influences the quality of lifestyle for urban areas including Kuala Lumpur, the capital city of Malaysia. It is predicted that the demand for mobility in the city will be increased tremendously in the next ten years. Consequently, this problem has contributed to air pollution caused by carbon dioxide emissions. One of the solutions suggested by the expertise is road pricing via a direct charge to drivers who use the road during peak hours. In this regard, this research aims to develop a computer simulation based on a system dynamic approach for mitigating congestion and carbon dioxide emission via a road pricing strategy. Firstly, the identified variables were correlated to understand the behavior of the system. Subsequently, the correlated variables were embedded in the stock-flow diagram based on the system dynamics approach to investigate how a variable affects another variable. Then, the developed model was simulated for evaluating the impact of road pricing strategy in reducing congestion and carbon dioxide emission. As a result, the emission of carbon dioxide can be reduced to 6 percent in six days if road pricing is implemented. From the managerial perspective, this research helps highway stakeholders in Malaysia towards making a better decision in enforcing road pricing strategy in the fast-moving city for a better lifestyle and environment