Проект модернизации оборотного водоснабжения ТЭЦ ООО "Юргинский машзавод"

ТЭЦ являются одним из основных загрязнителей атмосферы твёрдыми частицами золы, окислами серы азота, другими веществами, оказывая вредное воздействие на здоровье людей, а также углекислым газом, способствующим возникновению «парникового эффекта». Поэтому предлагается сократить вредные выбросы путем оптимизации водно-химического режима ТЭЦ. Thermoelectric plant is one of the major polluters of the atmosphere solid particles of ash, nitrogen oxides, sulfur, and other substances, exerting harmful effects on human health, as well as carbon dioxide, contributing to the emergence of the "greenhouse effect." It is therefore proposed to reduce emissions through the optimization of water chemistry thermoelectric plant

Zuwanderung, Wohnungsnachfrage und Baubedarfe: Aktualisierte Ergebnisse des IW Wohnungsbedarfsmodells

Im Zuge der sogenannten Flüchtlingskrise ist die Unterbringung von Flüchtlingen und deren Implikationen in den Fokus der Debatte zwischen Öffentlichkeit, Politik und nicht zuletzt der Bauwirtschaft gerückt. Darüber hinaus sind Preise und Mieten im Wohnungsmarkt durch eine nicht hinreichende Bautätigkeit während der letzten Jahre zunehmend unter Druck geraten. Trotz der hohen Relevanz des beschriebenen Problems, fehlt es jedoch an belastbaren Informationen über die Nachfrageseite im Wohnungsmarkt. Basierend auf dem IW-Baubedarfsmodell bildet die vorliegende Studie einen Baustein, diese Informationslücke zu schließen und den zusätzlichen Wohnungsbedarf bis zum Jahr 2020 auf Grundlage verschiedener Zuwanderungsszenarien zu schätzen. Während ein Szenario die Erwartungen der Bundesregierung abbildet, wird im anderen Szenario ein Zuwanderungsstop ab dem Jahr 2017 angenommen. Die beiden Szenarien, die jeweils auf vergleichsweise extremen Annahmen beruhen, dienen dazu ein Prognoseintervall an möglichen Wohnungsnachfragen aufzuspannen und entsprechende Unterbeziehungsweise Obergrenzen abzuleiten. Szenario 1 führt in unseren Berechnungen zu einer durchschnittlich Nachfrage von 380.000 Wohnungen pro Jahr bis 2020 wohingegen Szenario 2 eine 20 Prozent geringe Nachfrage aufweist (310.000 Wohnungen). Die Wohnungsnachfrage, die allein auf die gestiegene Migration zurückzuführen ist, bewegt sich zwischen 67.800 Wohnungen pro Jahr und 158.000 Wohnungen pro Jahr je nach Szenario. In einem anschließenden Kapitel werden die berechneten Ergebnisse für das Bundesgebiet regional differenziert und nach dem Königsteiner Schlüssel regional verteilt. Dies ermöglicht es uns Implikationen für unterschiedliche regionale Einheiten oder Agglomerationstypen abzuleiten. Trotz alledem ist die zukünftige Entwicklung von hoher Unsicherheit geprägt, sodass die Ergebnisse als ein erster Indikator betrachtet werden können, wie sich die zukünftige Wohnungsnachfrage im Zuge einer erhöhten Zuwanderung von Flüchtlingen entwickeln kann.In the course of the refugee crisis the accommodation of incoming migrants and the implications for building activity have increasingly attracted the attention of the public, policymakers and, not least, the construction industry. At the same time, the housing market has faced increasing pressure on prices and rents due to building activity that in recent years has lagged behind the growing need for homes. Despite the high im-portance of these problems, reliable information concerning the demand side of housing has been lacking. Based on the IW Construction Demand Model, this study attempts to close this gap by estimating the additional housing demand until 2020 depending on certain scenarios as to patterns of migration. While one scenario reflects the rather high immigration expectations of the government, the other assumes a halt to inward migration in 2017. We combine the two scenarios to derive a range of possible demand figures with certain thresholds. The first scenario leads to an average annual construction demand until 2020 of 380,000 homes while the second suggests that demand will be approximately 20 percent lower (310,300 homes). The additional annual average housing demand to accommodate incoming refugees ranges from 158,000 to 67.800 homes depending on the scenario. In a further section of this study we break this demand down by region according to the Königsteiner Schlüssel, a longstanding agreement between the federal and state governments on the sharing of financial burdens which is the current distribution regime for refugees. This allows us to derive implications for the different regional levels and types of agglomeration. There nevertheless remains a high degree of uncertainty concerning future developments and these results must therefore be seen as only a first indication of how demand could evolve over time in line with the flow of refugees

Updated clinical diagnostic criteria for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Several molecular subtypes of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease have been identified and electroencephalogram and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers have been reported to support clinical diagnosis but with variable utility according to subtype. In recent years, a series of publications have demonstrated a potentially important role for magnetic resonance imaging in the pre-mortem diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. Magnetic resonance imaging signal alterations correlate with distinct sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease molecular subtypes and thus might contribute to the earlier identification of the whole spectrum of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease cases. This multi-centre international study aimed to provide a rationale for the amendment of the clinical diagnostic criteria for sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. Patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and fluid attenuated inversion recovery or diffusion-weight imaging were recruited from 12 countries. Patients referred as ‘suspected sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease’ but with an alternative diagnosis after thorough follow up, were analysed as controls. All magnetic resonance imaging scans were assessed for signal changes according to a standard protocol encompassing seven cortical regions, basal ganglia, thalamus and cerebellum. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were evaluated in 436 sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease patients and 141 controls. The pattern of high signal intensity with the best sensitivity and specificity in the differential diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease was identified. The optimum diagnostic accuracy in the differential diagnosis of rapid progressive dementia was obtained when either at least two cortical regions (temporal, parietal or occipital) or both caudate nucleus and putamen displayed a high signal in fluid attenuated inversion recovery or diffusion-weight imaging magnetic resonance imaging. Based on our analyses, magnetic resonance imaging was positive in 83% of cases. In all definite cases, the amended criteria would cover the vast majority of suspected cases, being positive in 98%. Cerebral cortical signal increase and high signal in caudate nucleus and putamen on fluid attenuated inversion recovery or diffusion-weight imaging magnetic resonance imaging are useful in the diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. We propose an amendment to the clinical diagnostic criteria for sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease to include findings from magnetic resonance imaging scans

Disruption of TLR3 Signaling Due to Cleavage of TRIF by the Hepatitis A Virus Protease-Polymerase Processing Intermediate, 3CD

Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and cytosolic RIG-I-like helicases (RIG-I and MDA5) sense viral RNAs and activate innate immune signaling pathways that induce expression of interferon (IFN) through specific adaptor proteins, TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon-β (TRIF), and mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), respectively. Previously, we demonstrated that hepatitis A virus (HAV), a unique hepatotropic human picornavirus, disrupts RIG-I/MDA5 signaling by targeting MAVS for cleavage by 3ABC, a precursor of the sole HAV protease, 3Cpro, that is derived by auto-processing of the P3 (3ABCD) segment of the viral polyprotein. Here, we show that HAV also disrupts TLR3 signaling, inhibiting poly(I:C)-stimulated dimerization of IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3), IRF-3 translocation to the nucleus, and IFN-β promoter activation, by targeting TRIF for degradation by a distinct 3ABCD processing intermediate, the 3CD protease-polymerase precursor. TRIF is proteolytically cleaved by 3CD, but not by the mature 3Cpro protease or the 3ABC precursor that degrades MAVS. 3CD-mediated degradation of TRIF depends on both the cysteine protease activity of 3Cpro and downstream 3Dpol sequence, but not 3Dpol polymerase activity. Cleavage occurs at two non-canonical 3Cpro recognition sequences in TRIF, and involves a hierarchical process in which primary cleavage at Gln-554 is a prerequisite for scission at Gln-190. The results of mutational studies indicate that 3Dpol sequence modulates the substrate specificity of the upstream 3Cpro protease when fused to it in cis in 3CD, allowing 3CD to target cleavage sites not normally recognized by 3Cpro. HAV thus disrupts both RIG-I/MDA5 and TLR3 signaling pathways through cleavage of essential adaptor proteins by two distinct protease precursors derived from the common 3ABCD polyprotein processing intermediate

Determination of nutrient salts by automatic methods both in seawater and brackish water: the phosphate blank

9 páginas, 2 tablas, 2 figurasThe main inconvenience in determining nutrients in seawater by automatic methods is simply solved: the preparation of a suitable blank which corrects the effect of the refractive index change on the recorded signal. Two procedures are proposed, one physical (a simple equation to estimate the effect) and the other chemical (removal of the dissolved phosphorus with ferric hydroxide).Support for this work came from CICYT (MAR88-0245 project) and Conselleria de Pesca de la Xunta de GaliciaPeer reviewe

Whole blood gene expression profiling in preclinical and clinical cattle infected with atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy

Prion diseases, such as bovine spongiform encephalopathies (BSE), are transmissible neurodegenerative disorders affecting humans and a wide variety of mammals. Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), a prion disease in humans, has been linked to exposure to BSE prions. This classical BSE (cBSE) is now rapidly disappearing as a result of appropriate measures to control animal feeding. Besides cBSE, two atypical forms (named Hand L-type BSE) have recently been described in Europe, Japan, and North America. Here we describe the first wide-spectrum microarray analysis in whole blood of atypical BSEinfected cattle. Transcriptome changes in infected animals were analyzed prior to and after the onset of clinical signs. The microarray analysis revealed gene expression changes in blood prior to the appearance of the clinical signs and during the progression of the disease. A set of 32 differentially expressed genes was found to be in common between clinical and preclinical stages and showed a very similar expression pattern in the two phases. A 22-gene signature showed an oscillating pattern of expression, being differentially expressed in the preclinical stage and then going back to control levels in the symptomatic phase. One gene, SEL1L3, was downregulated during the progression of the disease. Most of the studies performed up to date utilized various tissues, which are not suitable for a rapid analysis of infected animals and patients. Our findings suggest the intriguing possibility to take advantage of whole blood RNA transcriptional profiling for the preclinical identification of prion infection. Further, this study highlighted several pathways, such as immune response and metabolism that may play an important role in peripheral prion pathogenesis. Finally, the gene expression changes identified in the present study may be further investigated as a fingerprint for monitoring the progression of disease and for developing targeted therapeutic interventions. \ua9 2016 Xerxa et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited